Bantaba in Cyberspace

Bantaba in Cyberspace

Bantaba in Cyberspace

Home | Profile | Register | Active Topics | Active Polls | Members | Private Messages | Search | FAQ | Invite a friend

All Forums

Education Forum

Gambia-L Archives from University of Washington

gambia-l: LOG9709C - Digest 85

Note: You must be registered in order to post a reply.
To register, click here. Registration is FREE!

Screensize:

UserName:

Password:

Format Mode:

Format:

Videos:

Message:

* HTML is OFF
* Forum Code is ON

Smilies

Check here to include your profile signature.

T O P I C R E V I E W
Momodou	Posted - 01 Aug 2021 : 15:04:13 GAMBIA-L Digest 85 Topics covered in this issue include: 1) Re: SAHEL by Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> 2) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 3) Fwd: Collapsed Building by MJagana@aol.com 4) Re: Collapsed Building by "<PMJ@COMMIT.GM>" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 5) Mobutu Dies In Exile In Morocco by mmjeng@image.dk 6) RE: confirmation by hghanim@nusacc.org 7) RE: SAHEL by hghanim@nusacc.org 8) RE: SAHEL by hghanim@nusacc.org 9) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by hghanim@nusacc.org 10) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by J GAYE <J.Gaye@Bradford.ac.uk> 11) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by "Heidi Skramstad" <heidis@amadeus.cmi.no> 12) RE: SINGING OFF! by J GAYE <J.Gaye@Bradford.ac.uk> 13) Trying to locate a relative! by Lamin Camara <masada@octonline.com> 14) Re: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by ASJanneh@aol.com 15) Re: SAHEL by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 16) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by hghanim@nusacc.org 17) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by hghanim@nusacc.org 18) RE: SAHEL by hghanim@nusacc.org 19) Gambia in the News (Digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 20) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 21) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by hghanim@nusacc.org 22) RE: SINGING OFF! by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 23) Collapsed Building by SANG1220@aol.com 24) Religious Tolerance by SANG1220@aol.com 25) UN Council / Gambia by ASJanneh@aol.com 26) gastech survey (fwd) by Gabriel Ndow <gndow@Spelman.EDU> 27) Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 28) SV: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 29) subscription by SAMBA NJIE <snjie@gis.net> 30) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 31) Re: Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test by mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) 32) Need info. by mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) 33) SV: Gambia at the winter Olympic - by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 34) RE: Need info. by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 35) Re: Need info. by mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) 36) Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 37) RE: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication! by hghanim@nusacc.org 38) grants for women (fwd) by Gabriel Ndow <gndow@Spelman.EDU> 39) New Members by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 40) Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 41) Re: Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 42) Gambia in the News (Digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 43) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by Gunjur@aol.com 44) signing off by FCJALLOW.MRCLABS@gam.healthnet.org 45) RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA by hghanim@nusacc.org 46) African Dissertation Internship Award (fwd) by "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> 47) West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) by "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> 48) Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) by msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) 49) Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) by msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) 50) Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) by "Ousman G." <gajigoo@wabash.edu> 51) Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) by M W Payne <awo@mindspring.com> 52) Re: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization by msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) 53) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 54) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> 55) brothers and sisters of the by "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> 56) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> 57) Re: Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! by Barry Mahon <barry.mahon@ci.rech.lu> 58) SV: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 59) ROOTS-Haley (fwd) by Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> 60) Signing off. by "N.JARJU" <CD6C6JNJ@swansea.ac.uk> 61) RE: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio by hghanim@nusacc.org 62) SV: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 63) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by hghanim@nusacc.org 64) sl by hghanim@nusacc.org 65) Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 66) Re: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 67) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Salifuj@aol.com 68) rainfall by hghanim@nusacc.org 69) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 70) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 71) RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 72) Re: Tripod Insider - Vol. 3, No. 37 by Gunjur@aol.com 73) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 74) Re-Gambia in the News(a Sept 11 digest) by "Kaira Isatou Boubacar" <kaiisa@hs.nki.no> 75) RE: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> 76) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Salifuj@aol.com 77) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 78) RE: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest by hghanim@nusacc.org 79) New Members by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 80) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by "Inqs." <nfaal@is2.dal.ca> 81) Fwd: Disturbing trends in the WTO by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 82) New Member by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 83) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> 84) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> 85) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> 86) Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 87) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) by Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> 88) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 89) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 90) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 91) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 92) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) by Salifuj@aol.com 93) Secretary of state for Religious Affairs by SANG1220@aol.com 94) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 95) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Gunjur@aol.com 96) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> 97) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest by TRODDING THRU CREATION INNA IRIE MEDITATION <ABARROW@rr5.rr.intel.com> 98) Religion by SANG1220@aol.com 99) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by MOMODOU BUHARRY GASSAMA <m.gassama@swipnet.se> 100) Improper Gov't meddling by KTouray@aol.com 101) new member by chakys@image.dk 102) Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sun, 07 Sep 1997 17:26:15 +0100 From: Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> To: gambia-l <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: SAHEL Message-ID: <2.2.32.19970907162615.0072a96c@golf.uib.no> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Dr. Jeng! THANKS FOR THE CORRECTION. AM SURE MANY WERE BEGINNING TO GET CONFUSED. Regards, Abdou Oujimai ----------------------------------- At 17:17 06/09/97 +0000, you wrote: >Mr. Ghanim, > >A point of correction! Mr. Sambou Kinteh is not the Secretary of State for >Agriculture. He is the Permanent Secretary at the Department of State for >Agriculture. The Secretary of State for Agriculture is Mr. Musa Mbenga. > >This is for the information of all those who have read Mr. Ghanim's piece >on the CILLS summit. > >Dr. Jeng ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 7 Sep 1997 19:27:02 +0300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU'" <GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU> Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <01BCBBC4.A9DDC9C0@ddbm.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Heidi, Gor-Jiggen ,as you may already know ,is a compound noun that literally = means Man-Woman,referring to a person who has male physical features but = behaves ,reacts,dresses and feels or pretends to feel like a woman. We sometimes loosely use this same word on a person who even though is a = man but due Hormonal imbalance(has more female hormone)becomes a little = bit feminine(effeminate) in his features eg. face,voice,bottom etc.This = type,like in all societies,is common in the Gambia. As for the first type that dresses like and tends to have only women = friends, that is much more common in Senegal than Gambia.They are = neither ethnic specific nor have they a cultural function that remotely = resembles the role played by the Kanyelengoes in the Gambia(The cultural = role of the Kanyelengoes is to perform Rituals for women having problems = getting pregnant after marriage or pray for Twins so that the Gods would = not take away one of them that they may consider as an unnecessary = duplication).And even though I have not done any research on this = phenomenon,I would like to posit nonetheless that most of the young men = who adopt such a lifestyle are driven to it by the failure of their = bringing up or family environment to sufficiently inculcate the Gender = Roles and Expectations that are so unambiguously clear-cut in the = African Pedagogy.=20 Yes,most of these Gor-Jiggens in Senegal belatedly learn their gender = roles and eventually get married to 'lower class' women or outsiders and = have families.And the few that are either impotent or fail to recover = from the confusion as to their sexuality spend the rest of their lives = either as masters of ceremonies or clowns or match makers(metlangoes) or = all of them. Regards Bassss! ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 7 Sep 1997 23:17:38 -0400 (EDT) From: MJagana@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Collapsed Building Message-ID: <970907231529_251555161@emout20.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 97-09-05 17:55:53 EDT, SANG1220@aol.com writes: << I seriously urge that all blue print materils be thoroughly examined and the supporting cast be made to answer questions concerning the quality of >> Dear G L, I have follow the collapsegate story for a while, some of us have come up with different annalysis as to the cause of this accident. Some of us have gone defensive of ( amadou samba) and others offensive. However we need to also question the role played by the department of building control in approving this building. Did the dept or DOES IT AT ALL REVIEW THE BLUE PRINTS FOR THESE BUILDINGS. Also I uderstand the way mr samba handles his cement tend to compromise on the quality and the strength of the original cement composition. Also were was the archcitects and the engineers of the construction company. Is this accident showing some kind of professional incompetence or is it ignorance of the gambians in regard to safety measures and planning. This accident should be an awakening call to the professionals in the field of building and the importers of building materails and the government to make sure that proper procedures are used by all those involve in this field. May the blessing of ALLAH, be on the dead and my sorrow and saddness go to all the families that lost a person. MOMODOU JAGANA --------------------- Forwarded message: From: SANG1220@aol.com Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Reply-to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu To: GAMBIA-L@, gambia-l@u.washington.edu (The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List), @ Date: 97-09-05 17:55:53 EDT Latir, Your account givem on 8/29/97 on the collapsed building, makes me to ask some questions+ raise some concerns. First, the collapsed building, we were told that perhaps the cause was thunderbolt and lightning; well for that to happened the structural material must have flaws i.e either the material call for in the blue pint was not followed to specification or it was adulterated. Besides being an astute businessman, I understand Mr. Samba is also a lawyer. This being the case, I would assume that he has a supporting cast of architechs and engineers drawing up plans for his projects. I would urge that he call them to "the carpet" and demand some answers or better yet replace them; save himself a lot of grief. However lets wait and see what the investigation reveals. Second, latir you mention that a disaster ocuured last year at the site of arch 22, the investigation in that debacle should have included the following 1. compression test on the concrete,2. report on the foundation and 3.packing test to ensure that the ground can withstand the weight.It is very odd to build an arch and cars are forbidden to drive "thru" it . If the vibrations from cars can cause damage to the arch, then we need to take a serius look at the kind of concrete specified on the blue print. I was also made aware that 10 million dalasies was the price tag for the arch. I wonder who or what we're trying to appease? That money could have been better spent improving the quality of life for the Gambian peaple or better yet build more high schools to accommodate the growing population of high school age children who find themselves displaced. In both these cases, a behavioural pattern is forming I seriously urge that all blue print materils be thoroughly examined and the supporting cast be made to answer questions concerning the quality of their work.Please supply us with more info as the investigation proceeds. Thanks. Daddy Sang ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 7 Sep 1997 23:12:39 +0100 From: "<PMJ@COMMIT.GM>" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Collapsed Building Message-ID: <B0000005897@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sent by "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> via Commit Hi Jabou, If the foundation was found to have caved in quite a bit as you reported..then that raises some salient points...but requires further clarification..what was cavng..the foudation walls or vertical members or the footings or gground beams or the horizontal members..this is critical i. This means that there was a load transference failure..if the vertical members were bending or bent..then there was a verticality problem..i.e. the foundation columns or piers ??? were not very vertical and the load transfer was tangential..not all the load was transferred to the footings for distribution or ii if the footings or ground beams were bending, then there were simply overloaded and were not effectively spreading the load this would definitely imply a design failure as it is quite unlikely that the builder would not deviate from the design but..even though I am not insinuating that the report is inaccurate..i will note that in the case of differential settling..it is very rare for this to be evenly spread..there failure will not be uniform..in my hypothesis earlier..I put it that the nature of the collapse would imply that the key structural elements gave way almost simultaneously...this is what I have garnered so far from reports, i have yet to hear of any of the key structures standing, that would have happened where some of the foundation fails under severe loading and some still holding, then sections would have sagged or failed..something like that comments invited pmj p.s. these comments are purely hypothetical ---------- > From: Gunjur@AOL.COM > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Re: Collapsed Building > Date: Saturday, September 06, 1997 9:31 PM > > Concerning the collapsed building, l feel compelled to mention something that > l was told over the week-end. It seems that upon examining the ruins of the > building, it was found that the foundation had caved in quite a bit below > ground. Does anyoneone out there have any opinions on this? > > Jabou Joh ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 13:04:31 +2000 From: mmjeng@image.dk To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Mobutu Dies In Exile In Morocco Message-ID: <199709081105.NAA16162@mail.image.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Mobutu dies in exile in Morocco RABAT, Morocco (CNN) -- Mobutu Sese Seko, who held an iron grip on Zaire during his more than three decades in power, died Sunday, less than four months after he was forced into exile. He was 66. The former president of what is now called the Democratic Republic of Congo died at about 9:30 p.m. (2130 GMT) at a military hospital in the Moroccan capital of Rabat, according to a report from the Moroccan news agency MAP. He had been hospitalized there since early July. Hospital workers, speaking on condition of anonymity, confirmed the report of Mobutu's death to The Associated Press. The cause of death was described as a "long illness." Mobutu had reportedly been suffering from advanced prostate cancer and had traveled to Europe for medical treatment during the last year of his rule. Mobutu fled from what was then called Zaire in May after forces led by rebel leader Laurent Kabila marched from strongholds in the eastern part of the central African nation to the outskirts of the capital, Kinshasa -- meeting surprisingly little resistance from Mobutu's collapsing army. After seizing control from Mobutu, Kabila discarded the name Zaire, which Mobutu had adopted in 1971 in a drive to Africanize the country and replace names from its Belgian colonial period. Mobutu seized power in 1965 In Congo, there was no immediate mention of Mobutu's death on radio or television. The man who would one day become his young country's dominant political force was born Joseph Desire Mobutu on October 14, 1930, in what was then known as the Belgian Congo. In later years, he would Africanize his name to Mobutu Sese Seko. After the vast colony with significant mineral wealth gained independence in 1960, Mobutu, a journalist by training, was named army chief of staff and later commander-in-chief. In 1965, Mobutu seized power with the backing of the military and tacit support of Western countries, who saw him as a bulwark against communist expansion in Africa. He established a one-party state, banning all other political organizations but his own. Over the next three decades, Mobutu led one of the most enduring regimes in Africa -- and, said his critics, one of the most dictatorial and corrupt. Despite the country's obvious natural resources, including copper, gold and diamonds, much of Zaire's population continued to sink further into poverty. But Mobutu, known for his trademark leopard-skin hat, amassed a personal fortune estimated to be as much as $5 billion, with homes in Switzerland and France. Mobutu also pursued a policy of "Zairianization," a nationalistic attempt to expunge remnants of colonialism. In addition to changing the names of the country and many of its cities, major industries were nationalized. And emulating Mobutu, government workers and ministers had to wear Mao-style jackets and drop their Western names. West dropped Mobutu after Cold War However, as the Cold War waned in the early 1990s, so too did Western support for Mobutu, especially in light of allegations of human rights abuses and rampant corruption. Belgium, France and the United States all suspended military and financial assistance to the regime, undermining Mobutu's grip on power. As the economic and political situation worsened, Kabila, a long-time rival of Mobutu's and now president of Congo, began a military drive from eastern Zaire in October 1996 to depose him. As the rebels advanced, Mobutu -- who had been out of the country receiving medical treatment -- returned to Zaire, vowing to crush the rebellion. But by May, with his regime in shambles, Mobutu fled, first to Togo and then to Morocco. He had reportedly requested permission to travel to France for medical treatment, but the French government refused. A diplomatic source told Reuters that Mobutu, a Roman Catholic, would be buried in Rabat's Christian cemetery. But a family member, speaking in Kinshasa on condition of anonymity, said Mobutu had requested that his body be cremated and his ashes scattered over the land he once ruled. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 8:54:19 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kolls567@qatar.net.qa, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: confirmation Message-ID: <TFSHBBOK@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Thanks Basss and Anthony Loum for the addition=2E Sincerely what can we do without our sister's help and support=2E? Not =20 much!! What I originally suggested still stands A women's committee to help =20 organize the sisters and maybe have a club to help each other learn how =20 to use the internet free and easy as a start=2E When we can get more of the= =20 sisters to be comfortable with the cyberspace then we would have =20 contributed more to our society than you can imagine =2E When you teach a =20= =20 woman she also teaches her children and all her family but the men tend =20 to keep it to themselves=2E This is one of the reasons why we encourage our= =20 sisters to come to the masjids (mosques) =2E The prayer hall is usually =20 full when the women are around because their husbands , children and =20 friends are also around to make the Sunday schools lively=2E Hope we expand to get more of our daughters and wives learn the internet =20 =2E peace Habib =20 -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar=2Enet=2Eqa Sent: Saturday, September 06, 1997 2:48 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: confirmation << File: FILE0001=2EATT >> --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Well,Andrea is right in saying that oppression of Women is not a European monopoly(Africa is also notorious for it) and Habib is also right in =20 saying even if there was one,the way to go about fighting it is Not to declare a blanket war on men,as its the case in most gender =20 struggles in the West=2EBecause even though very many African men unknowingly benefit from the second Class Status of their womenfolk,it does not and cannot follow from that that most African men are =20 ideologically opposed to the development of the black Woman as a full and free human =20 being=2E I believe,with time,Amy would realise that even though the founding =20 fathers of Gambia-l are all men except one,Sarian,it is totally unfair to assume =20 that the demographics of the people in control of this forum is nothing but a reflection of real life back home=2EMaybe she has not yet heard of the GambiaNet or the Education Committee some of whose members =20 are very smart women like Andrea,Ndey Kumba,Isatou Secka,Ndey Marie Njie=2EAs for Sarian,she is one of the managers=2ESo,unless Amy's questions= =20 are just meant to seek information about how this place is run,I would then =20 have to say that she is pointing her accusing fingers in the wrong direction! Because most men here on this forum are not only well informed =20= =20 and sensitive to the plight of Gambian Women,but they are also dedicated to participate in the fight to end her second class citizen status=2ESo,please keep up the good work down there! Regards Bassss! ************************************ National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 9:09:28 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: NARB@COMMIT.GM, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: SAHEL Message-ID: <TFSHGGAO@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Thanks Dr=2E Jeng for the update and we kindly ask you if you do not mind =20= =20 to keep us posted on the very important drought matter facing the region=2E= =20 Keep up your good job down there=2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: NARB@COMMIT=2EGM Sent: Saturday, September 06, 1997 2:26 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: SAHEL --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Sent by narb@commit=2Egm (National Agricultural Research Board) via Commit Mr=2E Ghanim, A point of correction! Mr=2E Sambou Kinteh is not the Secretary of State =20 for Agriculture=2E He is the Permanent Secretary at the Department of State for Agriculture=2E The Secretary of State for Agriculture is Mr=2E Musa Mbenga=2E This is for the information of all those who have read Mr=2E Ghanim's piece on the CILLS summit=2E Dr=2E Jeng ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 9:15:10 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: SAHEL Message-ID: <TFSHIEPY@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Thanks again Habib -----Original Message----- From: Abdou=2EGibba@smr=2Euib=2Eno Sent: Sunday, September 07, 1997 11:22 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Re: SAHEL --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Dr=2E Jeng! THANKS FOR THE CORRECTION=2E AM SURE MANY WERE BEGINNING TO GET CONFUSED=2E Regards, Abdou Oujimai ----------------------------------- At 17:17 06/09/97 +0000, you wrote: >Mr=2E Ghanim, > >A point of correction! Mr=2E Sambou Kinteh is not the Secretary of State =20= =20 for >Agriculture=2E He is the Permanent Secretary at the Department of State =20 for >Agriculture=2E The Secretary of State for Agriculture is Mr=2E Musa Mbenga=2E > >This is for the information of all those who have read Mr=2E Ghanim's =20 piece >on the CILLS summit=2E > >Dr=2E Jeng ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 9:37:12 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kolls567@qatar.net.qa, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <TFSHPSEO@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Bassss You definitely educated me on this subject=2E Is Heidi writing a book on =20 this matter =2E I understand there is a book by Geoffrey Gorer called =20 AFRICA DANCES =2E If you can get a hold of it you will have a detailed =20 version of the Kanyelengoes in the Foni and Casamance regions=2E Heidi if you are writing a novel please try to give some of the proceeds =20 to the GambiaL or the people who helped you put it together and try to =20 portray it as fairly as possible=2E Alex Haley promised us a lot when he wrote ROOTS but hardly delivered =20 anything financial =2E We give him credit for literally putting Gambia on =20= =20 the world 's known countries and with the African American communities=2E I= =20 remember all of us at 16 th in DC sat with him ( Omar Sey ,Buck-Dr Nyang =20 and the Sallahs and many others in those days of Malcom X park ) at the =20 Diplomat and Envoy towers=2E He even had some in the group edit some chapters =2E May his soul rest in peace Habib -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar=2Enet=2Eqa Sent: Sunday, September 07, 1997 12:26 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Heidi, Gor-Jiggen ,as you may already know ,is a compound noun that literally =20 means Man-Woman,referring to a person who has male physical features but =20 behaves ,reacts,dresses and feels or pretends to feel like a woman=2E We sometimes loosely use this same word on a person who even though is a =20 man but due Hormonal imbalance(has more female hormone)becomes a little bit feminine(effeminate) in his features eg=2E face,voice,bottom etc=2EThis type,like in all societies,is common in the Gambia=2E As for the first type that dresses like and tends to have only women =20 friends, that is much more common in Senegal than Gambia=2EThey are neither ethnic specific nor have they a cultural function that remotely resembles the role played by the Kanyelengoes in the Gambia(The cultural =20 role of the Kanyelengoes is to perform Rituals for women having problems =20 getting pregnant after marriage or pray for Twins so that the Gods would not take away one of them that they may consider as an unnecessary duplication)=2EAnd even though I have not done any research on this phenomenon,I would like to posit nonetheless that most of the young men who adopt such a lifestyle are driven to it by the failure of their =20 bringing up or family environment to sufficiently inculcate the Gender Roles and Expectations that are so unambiguously clear-cut in the African Pedagogy=2E= =20 Yes,most of these Gor-Jiggens in Senegal belatedly learn their gender =20 roles and eventually get married to 'lower class' women or outsiders and have families=2EAnd the few that are either impotent or fail to recover from the confusion as to their sexuality spend the rest of their lives =20 either as masters of ceremonies or clowns or match makers(metlangoes) or all of =20 them=2E Regards Bassss! ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 15:24:43 +0100 (BST) From: J GAYE <J.Gaye@Bradford.ac.uk> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.91.970908152435.17095D-100000@harrier.cen.brad.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII On Mon, 8 Sep 1997 hghanim@nusacc.org wrote: > Bassss > You definitely educated me on this subject. Is Heidi writing a book on > this matter . I understand there is a book by Geoffrey Gorer called > AFRICA DANCES . If you can get a hold of it you will have a detailed > version of the Kanyelengoes in the Foni and Casamance regions. > Heidi if you are writing a novel please try to give some of the proceeds > to the GambiaL or the people who helped you put it together and try to > portray it as fairly as possible. > Alex Haley promised us a lot when he wrote ROOTS but hardly delivered > anything financial . We give him credit for literally putting Gambia on > the world 's known countries and with the African American communities. I > remember all of us at 16 th in DC sat with him ( Omar Sey ,Buck-Dr Nyang > and the Sallahs and many others in those days of Malcom X park ) at the > Diplomat and Envoy towers. > He even had some in the group edit some chapters . > May his soul rest in peace > Habib > -----Original Message----- > From: kolls567@qatar.net.qa > Sent: Sunday, September 07, 1997 12:26 PM > To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA > > -------------------------------------------------------------------------- > -- > Heidi, > Gor-Jiggen ,as you may already know ,is a compound noun that literally > means > Man-Woman,referring to a person who has male physical features but > behaves > ,reacts,dresses and feels or pretends to feel like a woman. > > We sometimes loosely use this same word on a person who even though is a > man > but due Hormonal imbalance(has more female hormone)becomes a little bit > feminine(effeminate) in his features eg. face,voice,bottom etc.This > type,like in all societies,is common in the Gambia. > > As for the first type that dresses like and tends to have only women > friends, > that is much more common in Senegal than Gambia.They are neither ethnic > specific nor have they a cultural function that remotely > resembles the role played by the Kanyelengoes in the Gambia(The cultural > role > of the Kanyelengoes is to perform Rituals for women having problems > getting > pregnant after marriage or pray for Twins so that the Gods would > not take away one of them that they may consider as an unnecessary > duplication).And even though I have not done any research on this > phenomenon,I would like to posit nonetheless that most of the young men > who adopt such a lifestyle are driven to it by the failure of their > bringing > up or family environment to sufficiently inculcate the Gender Roles and > Expectations that are so unambiguously clear-cut in the African Pedagogy. > > > Yes,most of these Gor-Jiggens in Senegal belatedly learn their gender > roles > and eventually get married to 'lower class' women or outsiders and have > families.And the few that are either impotent or fail to recover > from the confusion as to their sexuality spend the rest of their lives > either > as masters of ceremonies or clowns or match makers(metlangoes) or all of > them. > > Regards Bassss! > > > > > ********************************** > National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce > 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. > Suite 550 East Tower > Washington, D.C. 20005 > Voice: (202) 289-5920 > Fax: (202) 289-5938 > ********************************** > > ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 16:37:29 GMT+1 From: "Heidi Skramstad" <heidis@amadeus.cmi.no> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <67F40CC3309@amadeus.cmi.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Habib, > Bassss > You definitely educated me on this subject. Basss gave a very interesting presentation of the various meanings of gor-jiggen in the Senegambia. Is Heidi writing a book on > this matter . I understand there is a book by Geoffrey Gorer called > AFRICA DANCES . If you can get a hold of it you will have a detailed > version of the Kanyelengoes in the Foni and Casamance regions. Thanks for the reference, I am sure it will be helpful in my research > Heidi if you are writing a novel please try to give some of the proceeds > to the GambiaL or the people who helped you put it together and try to > portray it as fairly as possible. I am writing a Ph.D about family planning in urban areas in the Gambia. I presented myself and my project to members of the list when I became a member, and will not bore everybody by repeating it. I consider all attempts to increase family size or child survival as part of family planning (as well as trying to reduce it, child fostering and flow of money between family units). Kanyaleng membership is thus one of these ways to try to increase fertility or chances that a child may survive. My writings about Kanyalengs are primarily based on studies of one group of Kanyalengs in Bakau, and is thus representing an urban kind of Kanyaleng, which as far as I have undrestood more resembles Kanyalengs in Dakar, than the Foni/Cassamance type. My interests in gor-jiggen is of a different, more theoretical type, because it helps to explore limits of gender categories. In The Gambia I came across a woman people talked about as gor-jiggen (different from the Senegalese more transvestite/transsexual-like men(?)) and I tried to figure out what were the aspects of maleness in her behaviour. Apart from wearing throusers, smoking, walking about, staying unmarried etc., I believe her autonomy and refusal to conform to female tasks made people talk about her in that way. > Alex Haley promised us a lot when he wrote ROOTS but hardly delivered > anything financial . I am afraid that nobody will gain much financially from this project. What is between me and those who help me, is not a public matter. Only fools display their generousity publicly. I appreciate if somebody wants to read chapters of my thesis to help me/or make sure that it is sober enough....., but I have nothing financial to "deliver" for the job, only gratitude. Regards Heidi Skramstad ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 15:36:59 +0100 (BST) From: J GAYE <J.Gaye@Bradford.ac.uk> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: SINGING OFF! Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.91.970908152745.17095J-100000@harrier.cen.brad.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII It's indeed been a pleasure associating with such a broad spectrum of Gambian intelectuals and other associates. The forum makes very interesting discussions and they have helped to keep us in touch with events back home. Time has come for me to say good bye after completing my programme of study. I am leaving for the motherland and I hope to see some of you back or associate with you in whatever capacity in the future. I would be working at the Ministry of Education, with Nyakassi, and would be very please to contribute in any way possible to the projects of this forum, notably the education project. Once again, I thank you all. God bless you all! BYE! Jawara Gaye ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 08 Sep 1997 11:11:26 -0700 From: Lamin Camara <masada@octonline.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Trying to locate a relative! Message-ID: <34143FCE.6651A17B@octonline.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------9ECFDDF16DBC58A3F99729F0" --------------9ECFDDF16DBC58A3F99729F0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Greetings Gambia-l: I am trying to locate a relative of mine, by the name of Mamina Sonko. He lives somewhere in North Carolina. By chance, does anyone know him? If anyone does, I will greatly appreciate it if you could please inform him; I would like to get in touch.... My residential telephone number is: (416)244-5585; res. fax: (416)244-0875. Thanks in advance, Lamin Camara (Toronto) --------------9ECFDDF16DBC58A3F99729F0 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit <HTML> Greetings Gambia-l: <P>I am trying to locate a relative of mine, by the name of <B>Mamina Sonko</B>. He lives somewhere in <B>North Carolina</B>. By chance, does anyone know him? If anyone does, I will greatly appreciate it if you could please inform him; I would like to get in touch.... My residential telephone number is: <B>(416)244-5585; res. fax: (416)244-0875.</B> <P>Thanks in advance, <P>Lamin Camara (Toronto) <BR>� <BR>�</HTML> --------------9ECFDDF16DBC58A3F99729F0-- ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 11:43:22 -0400 (EDT) From: ASJanneh@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <970908113823_907722171@emout13.mail.aol.com> Gambia-l: Why should any one expect payment for providing basic information to a colleague engaged in dissertation research? Amadou Scattred Janneh ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 08 Sep 1997 11:49:19 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: SAHEL Message-ID: <34141E7F.AB266E4B@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Sent by narb@commit.gm (National Agricultural Research Board) > via Commit > > Mr. Ghanim, > > A point of correction! Mr. Sambou Kinteh is not the Secretary of State > for Agriculture. He is the Permanent Secretary at the Department of > State for Agriculture. The Secretary of State for Agriculture is Mr. > Musa Mbenga. > > This is for the information of all those who have read Mr. Ghanim's > piece on the CILLS summit. > > Dr. Jeng Abdou Gibba wrote: > > Dr. Jeng! > > THANKS FOR THE CORRECTION. AM SURE MANY WERE BEGINNING TO GET > CONFUSED. I should apologize to Mr. Ghanim and all for I was the one who posted the original message naming Mr. Kinteh as Secretary of State. This was based on the report I read from PANA that reads as follows: "At that summit, the Gambian President, Yahya Jammeh, will assume the chairmanship of the organisation for the next three years while the country's Secretary of State for Agriculture, Sambou Kinteh, takes over as Cilss Coordinator minister." Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 11:41:56 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: heidis@amadeus.cmi.no, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <TFSJGHHE@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Heidi You honesty really is worth a million=2E Thanks for this kind of research which is educational and beneficial to =20 the society as a whole=2E I appreciate the fact that you are writing your =20= =20 thesis on this subject=2E There is need for more documentaries like this( =20= =20 even though we may not like some of the contents) example -History of the =20= =20 Gambia by Justice J M Gray-) Although you may not want to bring it up in GambiaL you can contact some =20 of us interested to learn more or even help in editing=2E] I agree Alex Haley was too quick to promise financially but could not or =20 would not even build the mosque he originally promised ( I think his =20 brother George the lawyer did it afterwards- correct me if I am wrong =20 anyone!! ) Heidi do not forget to take pictures =2E One picture is worth one thousand=20= =20 words=2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: heidis@amadeus=2Ecmi=2Eno Sent: Monday, September 08, 1997 10:34 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Habib, > Bassss > You definitely educated me on this subject=2E Basss gave a very interesting presentation of the various meanings of gor-jiggen in the Senegambia=2E Is Heidi writing a book on > this matter =2E I understand there is a book by Geoffrey Gorer called > AFRICA DANCES =2E If you can get a hold of it you will have a detailed > version of the Kanyelengoes in the Foni and Casamance regions=2E Thanks for the reference, I am sure it will be helpful in my research > Heidi if you are writing a novel please try to give some of the =20 proceeds > to the GambiaL or the people who helped you put it together and try to =20 =20 > portray it as fairly as possible=2E I am writing a Ph=2ED about family planning in urban areas in the Gambia=2E I presented myself and my project to members of the list when I became a member, and will not bore everybody by repeating it=2E I consider all attempts to increase family size or child survival as part of family planning (as well as trying to reduce it, child fostering and flow of money between family units)=2E Kanyaleng membership is thus one of these ways to try to increase fertility or chances that a child may survive=2E My writings about Kanyalengs are primarily based on studies of one group of Kanyalengs in Bakau, and is thus representing an urban kind of Kanyaleng, which as far as I have undrestood more resembles Kanyalengs in Dakar, than the Foni/Cassamance type=2E My interests in gor-jiggen is of a different, more theoretical type, because it helps to explore limits of gender categories=2E In The Gambia I came across a woman people talked about as gor-jiggen (different from the Senegalese more transvestite/transsexual-like men(?)) and I =20 tried to figure out what were the aspects of maleness in her behaviour=2E Apart from wearing throusers, smoking, walking about, staying unmarried etc=2E, I believe her autonomy and refusal to conform to female tasks made people talk about her in that way=2E > Alex Haley promised us a lot when he wrote ROOTS but hardly delivered =20 =20 > anything financial =2E I am afraid that nobody will gain much financially from this project=2E What is between me and those who help me, is not a public matter=2E Only fools display their generousity publicly=2E I appreciate if somebody wants to read chapters of my thesis to help =20 me/or make sure that it is sober enough=2E=2E=2E=2E=2E, but I have nothing financial to "deliver" for the job, only gratitude=2E Regards Heidi Skramstad ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 12:03:53 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: ASJanneh@aol.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <TFSJNUCO@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable ASJanneh Because it was promised (unsolicited) for the time and efforts put in by =20 the then poor working Gambian students who met to drink Atayah and the =20 idea was to make it a best seller (which happened anyway) Unlike Heidi ,whom I replied later after she clarified her position, who =20 is a plain researcher, I agree no one should but people usually pay to do =20= =20 research (TIME) not the subject and the use of the GambiaL medium which =20 will definitely contribute to her successful completion of the paper=2E We wish her well and will help free provided it does not consume much =20 time =2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: ASJanneh@aol=2Ecom Sent: Monday, September 08, 1997 11:40 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Re: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Gambia-l: Why should any one expect payment for providing basic information to a colleague engaged in dissertation research? Amadou Scattred Janneh ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 12:07:07 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: latir@earthlink.net, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: SAHEL Message-ID: <TFSJOWUS@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Latir I was just transmitting a PANA report=2E Thanks for the correction =2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: latir@earthlink=2Enet Sent: Monday, September 08, 1997 11:44 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Re: SAHEL --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Sent by narb@commit=2Egm (National Agricultural Research Board) > via Commit > > Mr=2E Ghanim, > > A point of correction! Mr=2E Sambou Kinteh is not the Secretary of State > for Agriculture=2E He is the Permanent Secretary at the Department of > State for Agriculture=2E The Secretary of State for Agriculture is Mr=2E > Musa Mbenga=2E > > This is for the information of all those who have read Mr=2E Ghanim's > piece on the CILLS summit=2E > > Dr=2E Jeng Abdou Gibba wrote: > > Dr=2E Jeng! > > THANKS FOR THE CORRECTION=2E AM SURE MANY WERE BEGINNING TO GET > CONFUSED=2E I should apologize to Mr=2E Ghanim and all for I was the one who posted the original message naming Mr=2E Kinteh as Secretary of State=2E This was based on the report I read from PANA that reads as follows: "At that summit, the Gambian President, Yahya Jammeh, will assume the chairmanship of the organisation for the next three years while the country's Secretary of State for Agriculture, Sambou Kinteh, takes over as Cilss Coordinator minister=2E" Peace=2E Latir Gheran ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 08 Sep 1997 12:20:43 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <341425DB.4B700759@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The Associated Press reported that James Island was listed by the World Monuments Watch as one of the "100 Most Endangered Sites" ********************** Reuters reports that the Gambia government "criticised members of the Ahmadiyya Moslem sect on Sunday, accusing them of causing public confusion and panic by leaving the country abruptly last week." According to the Reuters report, the departure follows repeated criticism from the Imam of the State House mosque who "dismissed them as unbelievers." The 100+ members who left were mostly Pakistani but the Gambian Ahmadiyya Moslem sect community numbered "more than 30,000 followers, ran two hospitals, one clinic and three secondary schools. The hospitals closed after the departures." ********************* Kyodo reports that while "Iceland, Kyrgyzstan and three more national Olympic committees plan to attend next year's Nagano [Winter] Olympics," countries "such as Laos, El Salvador, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and Cameroon" may follow the lead of Cambodia who "withdrew its pledge [in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its athletes can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be contested." Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 20:03:34 +0300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <01BCBC92.97597280@dihc.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCBC92.976A3B60" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCBC92.976A3B60 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable The Gambia Government should have,given the enormous contributions the = Ahmadiyas have been making healthwise and educationally,told the Imam of = the State House Mosque to STOP propagating Religious Intolerance! Gambia = is supposed to be a Secular Democracy and not a breeding ground for = persecution of the Religious Minorities.So,maybe the Government should = issue a public apology to the Ahmadyas and beg them to come back and at = the same time tell the Imam to Desist from propagating bigotry.FaFa = Jawara never delivered for the Gambian people anything worth = mentioning,but it has to be said that he never allowed anybody to be = terrorised because of his or her belief,and I believe Mr.Jammeh will be = well advised to emulate that tiny but still very invaluable example! Regards Basss!=20 -----Original Message----- From: Latir Downes-Thomas [SMTP:latir@earthlink.net] Sent: 06 IaCIi CaCeai, 1418 07:21 a To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Gambia in the News (Digest) The Associated Press reported that James Island was listed by the World Monuments Watch as one of the "100 Most Endangered Sites" ********************** Reuters reports that the Gambia government "criticised members of the Ahmadiyya Moslem sect on Sunday, accusing them of causing public confusion and panic by leaving the country abruptly last week." According to the Reuters report, the departure follows repeated criticism from the Imam of the State House mosque who "dismissed them as unbelievers." The 100+ members who left were mostly Pakistani but the Gambian Ahmadiyya Moslem sect community numbered "more than 30,000 followers, ran two hospitals, one clinic and three secondary schools. The hospitals closed after the departures." ********************* Kyodo reports that while "Iceland, Kyrgyzstan and three more national Olympic committees plan to attend next year's Nagano [Winter] Olympics," countries "such as Laos, El Salvador, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and Cameroon" may follow the lead of Cambodia who "withdrew its pledge [in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its athletes can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be contested." Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 13:23:17 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kolls567@qatar.net.qa, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <TFSKOWVQ@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Basss, Agreed=2E The State house should not have a church or a mosque=2E Church an= d =20 state must be separated to avoid problems like this=2E Apart from that our religion ISLAM clearly states " LA Ikraha feedeen - =20 there is no compulsion in religion " the Quadianis Even if they are non believers as he claims, it is up to them to decide =20 not the official state house Imam=2E As a regular and peace loving muslim =20= =20 and Gambian I think they should have been left alone but we just teach =20 the differences and let people choose =2E What about Bahai?? Hindus?? Or =20 even local Jalangs?? Please let us not interfere in the religious beliefs of anyone=2E Period This is not what Islam preaches!! Basss rightly says it -TOLERANCE , =20 tolerance , tolerance !!! Ps what will happen to the schools and hospitals?? -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar=2Enet=2Eqa Sent: Monday, September 08, 1997 1:02 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) << File: FILE0001=2EATT >> --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- The Gambia Government should have,given the enormous contributions the Ahmadiyas have been making healthwise and educationally,told the Imam of =20 the State House Mosque to STOP propagating Religious Intolerance! Gambia is supposed to be a Secular Democracy and not a breeding ground for persecution of the Religious Minorities=2ESo,maybe the Government should =20 issue a public apology to the Ahmadyas and beg them to come back and at the same time tell the Imam to Desist from propagating bigotry=2EFaFa =20 Jawara never delivered for the Gambian people anything worth mentioning,but it =20 has to be said that he never allowed anybody to be terrorised because of his or her belief,and I believe Mr=2EJammeh will be =20= =20 well advised to emulate that tiny but still very invaluable example! Regards Basss! -----Original Message----- From: Latir Downes-Thomas [SMTP:latir@earthlink=2Enet] Sent: 06 IaCIi CaCeai, 1418 07:21 a To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Gambia in the News (Digest) The Associated Press reported that James Island was listed by the World Monuments Watch as one of the "100 Most Endangered Sites" ********************** Reuters reports that the Gambia government "criticised members of the Ahmadiyya Moslem sect on Sunday, accusing them of causing public confusion and panic by leaving the country abruptly last week=2E" According to the Reuters report, the departure follows repeated criticism from the Imam of the State House mosque who "dismissed them as unbelievers=2E" The 100+ members who left were mostly Pakistani but the Gambian Ahmadiyya Moslem sect community numbered "more than 30,000 followers, ran two hospitals, one clinic and three secondary schools=2E The hospitals closed after the departures=2E" ********************* Kyodo reports that while "Iceland, Kyrgyzstan and three more national Olympic committees plan to attend next year's Nagano [Winter] Olympics," countries "such as Laos, El Salvador, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and Cameroon" may follow the lead of Cambodia who "withdrew its pledge [in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its athletes can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be contested=2E" Latir Gheran ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 20:20:04 +0300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: SINGING OFF! Message-ID: <01BCBCA9.FCA99B80@dday.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCBCA9.FCBA6460" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCBCA9.FCBA6460 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr.Gaye! Have a wonderful trip back home, and try to Re-Connect as soon as you = have settled down.The more Gambia-L members we have back home,the = better.I am sure the Education Committee would love to work with = you.So,please, keep up the good work down there! Regards Basss! -----Original Message----- From: J GAYE [SMTP:J.Gaye@Bradford.ac.uk] Sent: 06 IaCIi CaCeai, 1418 05:37 a To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: SINGING OFF! or associate with you in whatever capacity in the future.=20 I would be working at the Ministry of Education, with Nyakassi, and = would=20 be very please to contribute in any way possible to the projects of this = forum, notably the education project. Once again, I thank you all. God bless you all! BYE! Jawara Gaye ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 21:03:00 -0400 (EDT) From: SANG1220@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: SANG1220@aol.com Subject: Collapsed Building Message-ID: <970908210058_-1333216340@emout09.mail.aol.com> Jabou, that was indeed a pertinent info, did they perform a soil compression test? If they did then it should have been obvious that the ground could not support the building. A soil test (if not yet done) should take place it will help answer a lot of questions. If it turns out that the ground could not support the building, then cement is not the problem. If a foundation goes, the best of cement used will collasped forthwith. Thanks Daddy Sang ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 21:20:31 -0400 (EDT) From: SANG1220@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: SANG1220@aol.com Subject: Religious Tolerance Message-ID: <970908211720_33962677@emout07.mail.aol.com> Bass, you hit it on the nail Gambia has always been a bastion of religiuos tolerance and it should continue so. I too join you in imploring Jammeh to put the breaks on that perhaps exhort the Imam to exercise some humility. Thanks Daddy Sang ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 8 Sep 1997 21:27:57 -0400 (EDT) From: ASJanneh@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: UN Council / Gambia Message-ID: <970908212519_2084373438@emout11.mail.aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: multipart/mixed; boundary="PART.BOUNDARY.0.11897.emout11.mail.aol.com.873768318" --PART.BOUNDARY.0.11897.emout11.mail.aol.com.873768318 Content-ID: <0_11897_873768319@emout11.mail.aol.com.13115> Content-type: text/plain from Amadou Salaam! --PART.BOUNDARY.0.11897.emout11.mail.aol.com.873768318 Content-ID: <0_11897_873768319@emout11.mail.aol.com.13116> Content-type: text/plain; name="GAMUN" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable By Anthony Goodman = =0D UNITED NATIONS, Sept 8 (Reuter) - Bahrain, Brazil, Gabon and Gambia are e= xpected to begin two-year terms on the Security Council from Jan. 1, 1998= , diplomats said on Monday. = =0D They are either the unopposed or front-running candidates of their respec= tive regional groups, making their election by the General Assembly virtu= ally certain. = =0D Three countries -- Belarus, Macedonia and Slovenia -- are vying for a fif= th council seat, reserved for a member of the East European group. = =0D This year's Assembly session opens on Sept. 16. Voting to choose new Secu= rity Council members is expected to take place in late October. = =0D Brazil has served seven previous terms on the council, most recently in 1= 993-94. Gabon has been a council member only once before, in 1978-79. Nei= ther Bahrain nor Gambia has previously had a council seat. = =0D The five countries leaving the 15-nation council at the end of this year = are Chile, Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Poland and South Korea. = =0D Five other non-permanent members of the council whose two-year terms expi= re at the end of 1998 are Costa Rica, Japan, Kenya, Portugal and Sweden. = =0D The five permanent members, each with veto power, are the United States, = Russia, Britain, China and France. = =0D Expansion of the Security Council, the U.N. body responsible for internat= ional peace and security, will be among a number of reforms to be discuss= ed at the forthcoming Assembly. = =0D Despite several years of discussion, agreement has proved elusive on how = many new members should be added to the council; how many of them should = be given permanent seats; and whether new permanent members should also h= ave a veto. = =0D Many countries, including the United States, favor making Germany and Jap= an permanent council members, in recognition of their economic standing, = contributions to the U.N. budget and growing role in U.N. peacekeeping. = =0D There is wide, but not universal, agreement on adding a permanent seat ea= ch for the developing states of Asia, Africa and Latin America, but not o= n how those seats should be allotted. = =0D Options include providing a permanent seat for a single power in each reg= ion or rotating the seats among several countries in each region. = =0D There is also no definitive agreement on how many non-permanent seats sho= uld be added to the council. = =0D A number of U.N. members oppose making the council too large, saying this= would reduce its effectiveness. = =0D The United States has said it favors a total of 20 or 21 members, meaning= adding only five or six new seats to the present complement of 15. = =0D Any reform of the Security Council would involve amending the U.N. Charte= r. That requires a two-thirds majority in the 185-member Assembly and rat= ification by the parliaments or similar bodies of two-thirds of the U.N. = membership, including the five current permanent members. = =0D A Charter amendment approved by the Assembly in December 1963 to increase= the size of the Security Council from 11 members to 15 went into force i= n August 1965. = =0D 16:01 09-08-97 =0D --PART.BOUNDARY.0.11897.emout11.mail.aol.com.873768318-- ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 02:19:40 -0400 (EDT) From: Gabriel Ndow <gndow@Spelman.EDU> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: gastech survey (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970909021848.1386A-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 02:09:20 -0700 From: latjor ndow <ndukuman@avana.net> To: gndow@spelman.edu Subject: gastech survey Greetings: I would greatly appreciate it if members of this list who are involved in areas of science and technology could take a few minutes of their time to respond to this survey. It will aid us (GASTECH,INC) in fulfilling one of our objectives: 'to identify the various scientific and technical disciplines Gambians are involved in so as to have a better estimate of their numbers for statistical and other matters relevant to the progress and development of Gambia.' Please send your response to my address: gndow@spelman.edu Thanking you in advance, LatJor ============================ ++++++++++++++++++++++ GASTECH,INC. is a non-profit organization whose mission is to: 1) act as a catalyst for the tranference of technology to The Gambia; 2) promote science education in The Gambia; ++++++++++++++++++++++ 1. What sci/tech discipline(s) are you involved in? 2. What is your educational background? 3. If you are a student, what is your current classification? 4. If you are a working professional in your discipline, what is your job title? 5. How many years have you been working in this area? 6. Do you have other sci/tech know-how not necessarily related to your job/major? 7. Do you know of any other Gambians involved in sci/tech disciplines? If yes, could you furnish us with their info/contact address/e-mail? 8. Please add any other info you deem relevant to our mission. 9. Would you be interested in joining our organization? 10. Again Thank You. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 08:45:09 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'Gambia-L'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F321903110110D@dkdifs02.dif.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCBCFC.AFDA21A0" This message is in MIME format. Since your mail reader does not understand this format, some or all of this message may not be legible. ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCBCFC.AFDA21A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Friends, for a long time I have been without connection to the llist, due to severe computor-problems, which are not totally restored. This = is a test if I=B4m on to the list again. I=B4m glad to hear that the Gambian Olympic Comittee has "withdrew its pledge[in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its = athletes can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be contested." When we got the news that they should participate I asked this list, if there were any gambian, home or abroad, who could do this very specific sports on a skilled level. Because just going to Japan is so expensive, that I think the money was better spend on youth-sports-for -all-programmes in The Gambia.=20 Well decided of the Gambia OL-committee, I think. Asbj=F8rn Nordam ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 11:18:46 +0200 From: "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <199709090919.LAA14913@d1o2.telia.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Elakeh, It was interesting and informative to read about gorr-jiggen. It seems though that you have missed an aspect or two on the cultural role of the Kanjelengo. You wrote: >The cultural role of the Kanyelengoes is to perform Rituals for women having problems getting pregnant >after marriage or pray for Twins so that the Gods would not take away one of them that they may consider >as an unnecessary duplication. One important role is that of mothers who upon losing a succession of children in very early age, assume the status of kanjelengo. The next surviving child is then, as a consequence, given a "kanjeleng-specific" middle name alluding to the mother's social character. (The middle names usually dwarf the first name in popularity, in many cases). Another interesting role is the "usurpation" of the lead role (song, dance, discussions, etc) in almost all social activities where the women are centrally involved. These are very common among the KARONINGKOLU. Regards, Momodou. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 06:29:02 -0400 From: SAMBA NJIE <snjie@gis.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: subscription Message-ID: <341524EE.4128@gis.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit List managers, Please subscribe the following to the list: Michael Gomez - mbg@guinness.som.cwru Bubacarr Jallow - sireh@aol.com Thanks, Samba ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 13:57:18 +0300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <01BCBD28.55642820@dien.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCBD28.556D4FE0" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCBD28.556D4FE0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Thanks,Mr. Sidibebeh,for the supplement and keep up the good work down there! Regards Basss! -----Original Message----- From: Momodou S Sidibeh [SMTP:momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com] Sent: 07 IaCIi CaCeai, 1418 12:19 a To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: SV: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Elakeh, It was interesting and informative to read about gorr-jiggen. It seems though that you have missed an aspect or two on the cultural role of the Kanjelengo. You wrote: >The cultural role of the Kanyelengoes is to perform Rituals for women having problems getting pregnant >after marriage or pray for Twins so that the Gods would not take away one of them that they may consider >as an unnecessary duplication. One important role is that of mothers who upon losing a succession of children in very early age, assume the status of kanjelengo. The next surviving child is then, as a consequence, given a "kanjeleng-specific" middle name alluding to the mother's social character. (The middle names usually dwarf the first name in popularity, in many cases). Another interesting role is the "usurpation" of the lead role (song, dance, discussions, etc) in almost all social activities where the women are centrally involved. These are very common among the KARONINGKOLU. Regards, Momodou. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 11:29:49 -0400 (EDT) From: mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test Message-ID: <9709091529.AA39244@st6000.sct.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Absjorn, you wrote: > I am glad to hear that the Gambian Olympic Comittee has "withdrew its > pledge[in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its > athletes > can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be > contested." > When we got the news that they should participate I asked this list, if > there were any gambian, home or abroad, who could do this very specific > sports on a skilled level. Because just going to Japan is so expensive, > that I think the money was better spend on youth-sports-for > -all-programmes in The Gambia. Absjorn, let's not forget the 1988 Winter Olympic Games, when the Jamaican 2-man Bobsled team (White and Stokes??) shocked the world by posting the seventh fastest starting time. Infact, the legend of the Jamaican Bobsled team formed the climax of the very "cool" movie COOL RUNNINGS which was based on the story of the 1988 team. The events that followed the Olympics had far reaching implications in the sport and Jamaica than ever imagined. Despite their status of being underdogs, the team completely captured the imagination of the Olympic world. Jamaican T-shirts, caps pins etc. were the fastest selling of the games and generated more business than any other merchandise. Also, in the national pin trading, the Jamaican pin was worth more than five pins of other more established Winter Olympic nations like the USA and Canada. After the 1988 games, the team's popularity in Europe, North America and Japan was phenomenal. Letters poured in from all over the world and numerous invitations to personal appearances, press conferences, sporting events and the like were common. This is just to show you that it is indeed possible to make a turn-around for the good of all. All the same, though, I agree that the money could be spent elsewhere for now. Regards, Moe S. Jallow ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 11:43:03 -0400 (EDT) From: mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Need info. Message-ID: <9709091543.AA37250@st6000.sct.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit I would like to know if any members have the address and/or phone number of the newly established Islamic development bank in the Gambia. If you do, kindly send me the info at my personal e-mail address below. Thank you. Regards, Moe S. Jallow ========================================================================= mjallow@sct.edu mjallow@hayes.com ========================================================================= ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 18:17:37 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: Gambia at the winter Olympic - Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F3219031101114@dkdifs02.dif.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable > Moe S. Jallow wrote:=20 > >the Jamaican 2-man Bobsled team (White and Stokes??) shocked the > >world by posting the seventh fastest starting time. Infact, the > legend of >the Jamaican Bobsled team formed the climax of the very > "cool" movie >COOL RUNNINGS which was based on the story of the 1988 > team. After >the 1988 games, the team's popularity in Europe, North > America and >Japan was phenomenal. Letters poured in from all over = the > world and >numerous invitations to personal appearances, press > conferences, >sporting events and the like were common. This is just > to show you that >it is indeed possible to make a turn-around for the > good of all. All the >same, though, I agree that the money could be > spent elsewhere for now. >=20 > I fully agree, this is one of the allways amazing stories and > legend-making that happen in sport. But I would like to see if they > had ever found the money to build a bobsled-facility in Jamaica and > keep it with ice for practising. Or hundreds of jamaican youth got > inspired to join the sport ! Well I think that many of the > OL-winter-sports-events are not created to get so many participating > countries. A lot of them need speciels facilities, which are very, > very costy to build and run. But many of you gambians living in > Canada, USA, Europe, Japan, could maybe start to practice !!!. I > should be a very happy cheerleader when the first gambian > ice-hockey-team ever joined a tournament (couldn=B4t you form a team = in > Seatle,Oslo or Stockholm?), or some of you did ski-jumping, > ice-figure-skating, or what else. Why not ? But right now, when it > comes to spend money on sports, I really do hope that "sports for > all"-programmes in schools and clubs has high priority. Let=B4s get a > lot of children and youth playing, train and pratice, and let=B4s see > the most talented participate for The Gambia in the next olympic > summer games in Australia (2000) and Greece (2004). I had to finish > now. I=B4m leaving for Copenhagen. Tomorrow night the danish national > football-team will play a very, very, very serious and important game > agains Croatia. And as usual - I got to be there. Asbj=F8rn Nordam >=20 >=20 ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 19:40:15 +0300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Need info. Message-ID: <01BCBD58.5A66F5C0@dile.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCBD58.5A80E660" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCBD58.5A80E660 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Mr.Jallow! Here you are: Arab Gambian Islamic Bank Ltd. 7 Ecowas Ave., Box 1415,Banjul TEL: 22 22 22 FX: 22 37 70 Regards Basss! -----Original Message----- From: Modou Jallow [SMTP:mjallow@st6000.sct.edu] Sent: 07 IaCIi CaCeai, 1418 06:43 a To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Need info. I would like to know if any members have the address and/or phone number of the newly established Islamic development bank in the Gambia. If you do, kindly send me the info at my personal e-mail address below. Thank you. Regards, Moe S. Jallow ========================================================================= mjallow@sct.edu mjallow@hayes.com ========================================================================= ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 12:58:55 -0400 (EDT) From: mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Need info. Message-ID: <9709091658.AA31464@st6000.sct.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Bass, Thank you for your efforts. I really appreciate the help. Regards, Moe S. Jallow ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 11:51:58 PDT From: "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! Message-ID: <19970909185158.2171.qmail@hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain Netters, I find this article very interesting !!!! I reserve my comments. Cheerio, Jainaba. >Date: Sun, 07 Sep 1997 09:31:17 -0400 >Subject: THE SUNDAY TIMES: FOREIGN NEWS American TV boycotts expos of >Haley's Roots > > American TV boycotts expos of Haley's Roots > > by John Harlow > Arts Correspondent > > > AMERICAN television networks are boycotting > a BBC documentary exposing the extent to > which Alex Haley falsified his family > history in his best-selling book, Roots. > > Network executives admit they are worried > that the programme, which will be broadcast > in Britain next weekend as part of the > Bookworm series, could cause racial tension > especially in the Deep South where Haley, > who died five years ago, is most revered. > > Roots was billed as the true story of > Haley's family, traced back six generations > to a west African called Kunta Kinte who was > captured by slave traders in The Gambia and > sold to American plantation owners. It was a > cultural phenomenon when it appeared in 1976 > and earned Haley 200 literary prizes, > the friendship of President Jimmy Carter > and the gratitude of black America. > Within a year, however, doubts started > surfacing. > > In 1977 The Sunday Times tracked down a folk > historian in The Gambia who had been a > crucial source for Haley. The investigation > exposed both men as deeply unreliable. Other > revelations about Haley's occasionally > slipshod research followed. > > The Bookworm programme suggests that Haley > not only made mistakes but deliberately > falsified his own records for dramatic > effect. > > Philip Nobile, a writer who has spent years > cross-checking the sources in Roots, regards > Haley as a shameless hoaxer: "Virtually > every fact in the closing critical pages of > Roots is false. Nobody would have challenged > this book if it had been classified as > fiction, but Haley defrauded the very people > he claimed he was championing." > > Academics in the field of pan-African > studies, where Roots is an essential > textbook, reluctantly agree. "We have > accepted we must honour the spirit rather > than the letter of Roots, but to have it > systematically demolished would only play > into the hands of white supremicists," said > a teacher at Tennessee University, where the > records of Haley's 10-year search for his > ancestors are stored. > > The Haley family rejects all claims against > the author, suggesting the evidence is > "trivial and malicious". But Henrik Clarke, > a veteran black historian, told Bookworm: > "As a people short of heroes, we sometimes > take the best we can get and sometimes we > exaggerate them into something a little bit > better than they deserve to be." > >______________________________________________________ > Copyright 1997 The Times Newspapers Limited. To > inquire about rights to reproduce material from > The Sunday Times, please visit the Syndication > website ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 15:30:12 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: jai_diallo@hotmail.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication! Message-ID: <TFSMGFEG@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Jainaba, I also reserve my opinion but I think basically his narration is true but =20= =20 some details no one can replay because there were no videos or tape =20 recorders=2E Let us give him some benefit of doubt Habib ps Speaking only for my self and personally also -----Original Message----- From: jai_diallo@hotmail=2Ecom Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 1997 2:53 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication! --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Netters, I find this article very interesting !!!! I reserve my comments=2E Cheerio, Jainaba=2E >Date: Sun, 07 Sep 1997 09:31:17 -0400 >Subject: THE SUNDAY TIMES: FOREIGN NEWS American TV boycotts expos of >Haley's Roots > > American TV boycotts expos of Haley's Roots > > by John Harlow > Arts Correspondent > > > AMERICAN television networks are boycotting > a BBC documentary exposing the extent to > which Alex Haley falsified his family > history in his best-selling book, Roots=2E > > Network executives admit they are worried > that the programme, which will be broadcast > in Britain next weekend as part of the > Bookworm series, could cause racial tension > especially in the Deep South where Haley, > who died five years ago, is most revered=2E > > Roots was billed as the true story of > Haley's family, traced back six generations > to a west African called Kunta Kinte who was > captured by slave traders in The Gambia and > sold to American plantation owners=2E It was a > cultural phenomenon when it appeared in 1976 > and earned Haley 200 literary prizes, > the friendship of President Jimmy Carter > and the gratitude of black America=2E > Within a year, however, doubts started > surfacing=2E > > In 1977 The Sunday Times tracked down a folk > historian in The Gambia who had been a > crucial source for Haley=2E The investigation > exposed both men as deeply unreliable=2E Other > revelations about Haley's occasionally > slipshod research followed=2E > > The Bookworm programme suggests that Haley > not only made mistakes but deliberately > falsified his own records for dramatic > effect=2E > > Philip Nobile, a writer who has spent years > cross-checking the sources in Roots, regards > Haley as a shameless hoaxer: "Virtually > every fact in the closing critical pages of > Roots is false=2E Nobody would have challenged > this book if it had been classified as > fiction, but Haley defrauded the very people > he claimed he was championing=2E" > > Academics in the field of pan-African > studies, where Roots is an essential > textbook, reluctantly agree=2E "We have > accepted we must honour the spirit rather > than the letter of Roots, but to have it > systematically demolished would only play > into the hands of white supremicists," said > a teacher at Tennessee University, where the > records of Haley's 10-year search for his > ancestors are stored=2E > > The Haley family rejects all claims against > the author, suggesting the evidence is > "trivial and malicious"=2E But Henrik Clarke, > a veteran black historian, told Bookworm: > "As a people short of heroes, we sometimes > take the best we can get and sometimes we > exaggerate them into something a little bit > better than they deserve to be=2E" > >______________________________________________________ > Copyright 1997 The Times Newspapers Limited=2E To > inquire about rights to reproduce material from > The Sunday Times, please visit the Syndication > website ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www=2Ehotmail=2Ecom ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************ ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 16:03:20 -0400 (EDT) From: Gabriel Ndow <gndow@Spelman.EDU> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: grants for women (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970909160047.5846A-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Greetings: Below is info on a grant for the sisters. I downloaded the info from the gambian embassy website. LatJor ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 14:19:36 -0700 From: latjor ndow <ndukuman@avana.net> To: gndow@spelman.edu Subject: grants for women 1998 GRANTS FOR WOMEN FROM DEVELOPING COUNTRIES The Margaret McNamara Memorial Fund was established in 1981 to honor the late Margaret McNamara and her commitment to the well-being of women and children in developing countries. The purpose of the grant is to support the education of women and children in their home countries. Previous grant recipents were studying in fields such as agriculture, architechture and urban planning, civil enginneering, education, forestry, journalism, nursing, nutrition, pediatrics, public adminstration, public health, social sciences and social work. The MMMF awards five grants of about $6,000 each year, they are not renewable. Requests for application forms for the 1998/99 academic year will be accepted from September 1997 until January 15, 1998. The deadline for completed applications is Febuary 2, 1998. The MMMF will announce the recipents about April 15, 1998. Eligibility: The MMMF invites women who meet the following criteria to apply. She has a record of service to women and/or children in her country. She plans to return to her country in about two years. She can demonstrate financial need. She is enrolled in an accredited educational institution in the U.S. by September 1997 and during the entire period covered by the grant. She is a national of a developing country* residing in the U.S., but not a permanent resident (green card holder). She is at least 25 years old by December 31, 1997 (born before 1973). She is not related to any World Bank Group staff member or his/her spouse. Applications must be requested in writing from The Margaret McNamara Memorial Fund 1818 H Street, NW, Room G-1000 Washington, DC 20433 Nationals of The Gambia are eligible for MMMF grants. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 22:32:22 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New Members Message-ID: <19970909203242.AAA45396@LOCALNAME> Bubacarr Jallow and Michael Gomez have been added to the list. We welcome them to Gambia-l and look forward to their contributions. Baboucarr and Michael, please send a brief introduction of yourselves to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Regards Momodou Camara ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 22:44:30 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization Message-ID: <19970909204453.AAA14460@LOCALNAME> From: C-reuters@clari.net (Reuters) Newsgroups: clari.world.africa.western,clari.news.religion,biz.clarinet.sample Subject: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization: Copyright 1997 by Reuters Message-ID: <Rgambia-ahmadiyyaURpCi_7S7@clari.net> Lines: 43 Date: Sun, 7 Sep 1997 17:22:05 PDT Expires: Sun, 14 Sep 1997 15:20:07 BANJUL, Gambia (Reuter) - The Gambian government criticized members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim sect Sunday, accusing them of causing public confusion and panic by leaving the country abruptly last week. The Department of Religious Affairs said that more than 100 non-Gambian Ahmadiyya who left the country Wednesday did not inform the government of their planned departure. A statement from the department accused the community, whose hospitals and schools play an important role in the tiny and impoverished West African nation, of showing ``arrogance.'' The departures, mostly of Pakistani nationals, followed repeated criticism of the community from the imam of the state house mosque, where President Yahya Jammeh worships. The imam repeatedly dismissed them as unbelievers. The community, which has more than 30,000 followers, ran two hospitals, one clinic and three secondary schools. The hospitals closed after the departures. The unorthodox Muslim sect was founded in India in 1889 by a mystic drawing inspiration and claiming legitimacy from Islamic and Christian prophesy and Hindu teaching. Ahmadiyya communities live in several West African countries. -=-=- Want to tell us what you think about the ClariNews? Please feel free to <<email us your comments>> <comments@clari.net>. -=-=- ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 20:04:19 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia at the winter Olympic - and a test Message-ID: <3415E403.14E23F4C@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Asbj=F8rn Nordam wrote: > I=B4m glad to hear that the Gambian Olympic Comittee has "withdrew its > pledge[in July] to attend the Nagano Games because none of its > athletes > can fulfill the eligibility requirements of the seven sports to be > contested." Just a point of correction: Gambia has not yet withdrawn its pledge. Cambodia did and it is believed that countries "such as Laos, El Salvador, Gambia, = Guinea-Bissau and Cameroon" may follow suit. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 09 Sep 1997 20:32:46 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <3415EAAE.23249A48@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The Gambian Ambassador to the United States, Mr. Crispin Grey-Johnson was one of 12 to present his credentials yesterday, September 8, 1997, to President Clinton in Washington D.C. The others were the ambassadors from Suriname, Lebanon, Mauritania, Jordan, Eritrea, Yemen, Argentina, El Salvador, Ecuador, Ireland and Sweden. (Source: UPI) Reuters reported today that "Gambian millionaire", Foutanga Dit Babani Sissoko, is going to jail. According to the news piece, District Judge Michael Moore ruled yesterday that Sissoko "was not protected by diplomatic immunity when he tried to bribe a customs officer." The Reuters piece also stated that in his ruling, the judge said "the Gambian government had not properly informed the U.S. government of Sissoko's status and the State Department had never authorized it." Sissoko's was "sentenced to four months in jail and four months of house arrest" and now "he must serve a remaining 41 days in prison." Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 23:37:53 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <970909233600_1145945164@emout05.mail.aol.com> Habib, Yeah, a lot of us worked with Alex Haley when he was doing his research. He visited and talked in length with Lena Manga and myself. We were quite surprised when "ROOTS" came out and we found that one of the female characters on the slave ship was called Jabou Manga. l often joked that l would sue him for royalties on behalf of Lena and myself, although he treated us to some first class dinners when he was digging for info. Jabou ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 97 10:08:22 +0000 From: FCJALLOW.MRCLABS@gam.healthnet.org To: Gambia-l@U.WASHINGTON.EDU Subject: signing off Message-ID: AE15FF31@222:5788/0.91 Received: (from fnet@localhost) by f0.n5788.z222.healthnet.org (8.8.4/8.7) id MAA05645 for Gambia-l%U.WASHINGTON.EDU@f99.n1200.z222.healthnet.ftn; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 12:30:15 GMT Received: from p91.f0.n5788.z222.healthnet.ftn by f0.n5788.z222.healthnet.ftn with FTN (ifmail v.2.11) id AA5576; Wed, 10 Sep 97 12:30:15 +0000 Hello Guys, I would at this point like to unsubscribe from your mailing list until further notice. Thank you Fatim ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 9:25:07 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: Gunjur@aol.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA Message-ID: <TFSHLOYC@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Jarbou Hallelujah I thought we were not alone in his information search( which is OK but =20 not the false promises to the people of the Gambia especially Juffure and =20= =20 Albreda is what many objected to) Regardless he did an excellent piece of work in my opinion=2E The love of our country made us all help him without any reservations =20 which I am sure we all do not regret=2E I remember Gaira Lamin and his wife were in Philadelphia in those days =2E=20= =20 Sorry I confused you with that Jabou=2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: Gunjur@aol=2Ecom Sent: Tuesday, September 09, 1997 11:34 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: GORR-JIGGEN IN SENEGAMBIA --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Habib, Yeah, a lot of us worked with Alex Haley when he was doing his research=2E=20= =20 He visited and talked in length with Lena Manga and myself=2E We were quite surprised when "ROOTS" came out and we found that one of the female characters on the slave ship was called Jabou Manga=2E l often joked that l would sue him for royalties on behalf of Lena and myself, although he =20 treated us to some first class dinners when he was digging for info=2E Jabou *********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************ ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 15:36:26 -0400 (EDT) From: "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu, africans@iastate.edu Subject: African Dissertation Internship Award (fwd) Message-ID: <2.2.16.19970910153231.216fca86@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > >> >> For a full description of the competition, application >> requirments, or program components please write to : African >> Dissertation Internship Awards, The Rockefeller Foundation, 420 >> Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10018-2702, or visit the Rockefeller >> Foundation website at http://www.rockfound.org. >> >> Ike Agba >> >> ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,, >> The Rockerfeller Foundation >> African Dissertation Internship Award >> >> >> Application Information and Guidelines 1997-98 >> >> The Rockefeller Foundation is pleased to announce a program of >> competitive awards to enable African doctoral students enrolled in >> universities in the United States and Canada to undertake supervised >> dissertation research in Africa. >> >> Objectives >> >> The goal of the program is to enhance the quality of the overseas >> education received by African graduate students enrolled in >> universities in the United States and Canada, and to maximize its >> relevance to the process of economic development in Africa. The >> program enables African doctoral candidates to return to Africa to >> conduct dissertation research in association with a local university >> or research institution, thereby facilitating the transition to a >> productive professional career upon return to Africa. >> >> Eligibility >> >> The program is open to citizens of sub-Saharan African nations >> enrolled in doctoral programs at universities in the United States >> and Canada. U.S. permanent residents and Canadian landed immigrants >> are not eligible. Priority will be given to research on equitable >> economic development in the areas of agriculture, environment, >> education, health, the humanities, the life sciences, and population. >> Projects must involve field observation or the use of primary sources >> available only in Africa. Students are strongly encouraged to plan to >> be in the field for at least 12 months. The candidate's dissertation >> committee must approve the research proposal prior to submission to >> the Foundation. >> >> The Awards >> >> The applicant must have completed all course work and qualifying >> examinations prior to receiving an award. The applicant is >> responsible for arranging affiliation with an institution in Africa >> able to provide adequate supervision and research support in the >> student's field of study. >> >> The awards are intended to cover the costs of conducting research in >> the field and might include: international travel, living expenses >> in Africa, local transportation, and costs related to research and >> analysis. The maximum award is US$20,000. In addition, the Foundation >> will provide an administrative contribution of US$2,500 to the >> African host institution and funds for one field-site visit by the >> student's faculty adviser. Upon completion of field research, support >> may also be requested to enable the supervisor at the African host >> institution to attend the student's dissertation defense. >> >> Application Procedure >> >> Deadlines for application packages to be received by the Foundation >> are October 1, 1997, and March 2, 1998. Candidates are strongly urged >> to submit their applications well in advance of the date on which >> field work is expected to begin. Preliminary inquiries as to the >> relevance of the research topic and the proposed institutional >> setting in Africa are encouraged. The selection committee will >> consider only complete applications, which must be prepared according >> to "Instructions for Preparing the Application Package" provided by >> the Foundation. The following items are required in the application: >> >> 1.The applicant's dissertation proposal, accompanied by a letter >> clearly indicating final approval by the thesis advisory committee. >> The proposal should include research objectives, conceptual >> framework, literature review, methodology, and time line. It should >> also discuss the project's relevance to African development. The >> proposal must be written in English. If longer than 15 pages (not >> including bibliography or annexes), it must be accompanied by a >> detailed summary of no more than 15 pages. >> >> 2.Photocopies of the following documents certified by the Foreign >> Student Office of the applicant's university: 1) the page(s) of the >> applicant's passport indicating the country of citizenship and date >> and place of issue, and 2) the page bearing the visa for the U. S. >> or Canada. >> >> 3.Three letters of reference, commenting on the content and design >> of the proposal and the ability of the applicant to conduct the >> research. Letters written in French should be accompanied by an >> English translation. One of the letters should be from the chair of >> the applicant's dissertation committee and should confirm >> approval of the applicant's proposal as well as the status towards >> completing course work and passing qualifying examinations. >> >> 4.(a) An academic review of the dissertation proposal, written by the >> person at the host institution in Africa who will supervise the >> applicant's work. (b) This person must also state his or her >> commitment to supervision of the research and the ability of the >> host institution to provide necessary services, such as office >> space, laboratory facilities, access to study sites, and technical >> advice. >> >> 5.A letter from the head or appropriate officer of the host institution >> in Africa confirming that the affiliation proposed in the host >> supervisor's letter (described in item 4) is acceptable to the host >> institution. >> >> 6.A budget, not to exceed US$20,000, itemizing and justifying all >> costs. (A budget guideline sheet is distributed to applicants.) >> >> 7.A letter outlining the applicant's entire financial support package, >> including the write-up period following the applicant's return from >> the field. This letter should come from an appropriate official of the >> principal funding agency or the applicant's university. Applicants >> who are self-supporting should write a letter to this effect. >> >> 8.All official graduate transcripts for master's degree programs and >> Ph.D. course work. >> >> 9.A curriculum vitae. >> >> 10.A completed basic data form (provided by the Foundation). >> >> 11.A successful applicant will be asked to provide a letter from the >> appropriate administrative office of the American or Canadian >> university, stating its willingness to administer the award (with the >> exception of the contribution to the African host institution) without >> charge. Applicants are advised to comply with the university's >> procedures for the submission of proposals to external funding >> agencies. >> >> >> >> >> Send complete application packages to: >> >> African Dissertation Internships >> The Rockefeller Foundation >> 420 Fifth Avenue >> New York, NY 10018-2702 >> >> Inquiries may also be directed to: >> >> African Dissertation Internships >> The Rockefeller Foundation >> PO Box 47543 >> Nairobi, Kenya >> >> >> > > > > ----------------------------------- N'Deye Marie N'Jie Graduate Research Associate The Ohio State University Rm 260 Agricultural Engineering Bldg 590 Woody Hayes Drive Columbus, OH 43210 Fax: (614)292-9448 Phone: (614) 688-3445 (W) E-mail: njie.1@osu.edu ------------------------------
1 L A T E S T R E P L I E S (Newest First)
Momodou	Posted - 01 Aug 2021 : 15:04:41 Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 15:38:27 -0400 (EDT) From: "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Message-ID: <2.2.16.19970910153431.216fc0b6@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" > >---------- Forwarded message ---------- >Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 10:15:55 EDT >From: Hamado <HTAPSOBA@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> >Reply-To: ASU's Discussion and Annoucement <ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> >To: ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU >Subject: Monetary union > >West Africa Plan For Single Monetary Zone By 2000 > >ABUJA, Aug 30 (Reuter) - West African leaders said on Saturday they >were aiming to establish a single monetary zone by the year 2000. > >"In order to accelerate the achievement of the objective of a single >monetary zone by the year 2000, the Authority created an ad hoc >monitoring committee," said a communique at the end of the annual >summit of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS). >"The committee would give periodic policy directives and new >orientations to facilitate compliance by member states with the >agreed monetary and financial targets." > >Half the ECOWAS member states, mostly former French colonies, are >already part of a single monetary zone and use a single currency, the >CFA franc, which is backed by Paris. > >But the rest of the region, which includes giant Nigeria with more >than 100 million people, accounts for roughly two thirds of the >estimated 210 million ECOWAS population and three quarters of Gross >Domestic Product. > >Nigerian Finance Minister Anthony Ani suggested recently that his >currency, the naira, could become a regional means of exchange. >Regional analysts say it is extremely unlikely the CFA countries >would want to part with their stable currency. > >ECOWAS member states in the franc zone are Benin, Burkina Faso, >Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Mali, Niger, Senegal and Togo. Those wit >their own currencies are Cape Verde, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Liberia, >Mauritania, Nigeria and Sierra Leone. > >ECOWAS, set up in 1975 to promote regional economic integration, has >become increasingly dominated by security issues and a large part of >this year's summit was taken up by a debate over how to reverse a >military coup in Sierra Leone. > (c) Reuters Limited 1997 > REUTER NEWS SERVICE > > > > ----------------------------------- N'Deye Marie N'Jie Graduate Research Associate The Ohio State University Rm 260 Agricultural Engineering Bldg 590 Woody Hayes Drive Columbus, OH 43210 Fax: (614)292-9448 Phone: (614) 688-3445 (W) E-mail: njie.1@osu.edu ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 16:07:22 -0400 From: msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: msjaiteh@mtu.edu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Message-ID: <199709102007.QAA11428@aspen.mtu.edu> > From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Wed Sep 10 15:41:26 1997 > Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 15:38:27 -0400 (EDT) > From: "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) > Mime-Version: 1.0 > X-Sender: njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > > > > >---------- Forwarded message ---------- > >Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 10:15:55 EDT > >From: Hamado <HTAPSOBA@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> > >Reply-To: ASU's Discussion and Annoucement <ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> > >To: ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU > >Subject: Monetary union > > > >West Africa Plan For Single Monetary Zone By 2000 It worries me when I see people setting unrealistic goals.> > > >Nigerian Finance Minister Anthony Ani suggested recently that his > >currency, the naira, could become a regional means of exchange. > >Regional analysts say it is extremely unlikely the CFA countries > >would want to part with their stable currency. May be they should chose the Dalasi instead! Surely could be more convincing to the many skeptics than the Naira! (c) Reuters Limited 1997 > > REUTER NEWS SERVICE > > > > It worries me when I see people setting unrealistic goals. Its either that they are too optimistic or totally ignorant of the issues at hand. Wish them luck! Malanding jaiteh ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 16:15:28 -0400 From: msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Message-ID: <199709102015.QAA11433@aspen.mtu.edu> ----- Begin Included Message ----- >From msjaiteh@mtu.edu Wed Sep 10 16:08:08 1997 X-Authentication-Warning: campus0.mtu.edu: Host aspen.ffr.mtu.edu [141.219.149.193] claimed to be aspen.mtu.edu Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 16:07:22 -0400 From: msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Cc: msjaiteh@mtu.edu > From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Wed Sep 10 15:41:26 1997 > Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 15:38:27 -0400 (EDT) > From: "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) > Mime-Version: 1.0 > X-Sender: njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > > > > >---------- Forwarded message ---------- > >Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 10:15:55 EDT > >From: Hamado <HTAPSOBA@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> > >Reply-To: ASU's Discussion and Annoucement <ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU> > >To: ASUNET-L@UGA.CC.UGA.EDU > >Subject: Monetary union > > > >West Africa Plan For Single Monetary Zone By 2000 It worries me when I see people setting unrealistic goals.> > > >Nigerian Finance Minister Anthony Ani suggested recently that his > >currency, the naira, could become a regional means of exchange. > >Regional analysts say it is extremely unlikely the CFA countries > >would want to part with their stable currency. May be they should chose the Dalasi instead! Surely could be more convincing to the many skeptics than the Naira! (c) Reuters Limited 1997 > > REUTER NEWS SERVICE > > Malanding jaiteh ----- End Included Message ----- Oops, Oops! My last mail got sent without editing.Sorry about that. Malanding Jaiteh ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 15:17:10 -0500 (EST) From: "Ousman G." <gajigoo@wabash.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Message-ID: <758CD3390A@scholar.wabash.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Having a single unified currency in West Africa is a great idea provided this is thought through properly though the year 2000 is too soon. I think the Naira is a good choice. Nigeria is the regional super power, with the largest population, budget. GDP, and the largest contributor to ECOWAS. Its position in ECOWAS is just the US in the UN. I think it is the perfect choice. Ousman ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 17:27:11 -0400 From: M W Payne <awo@mindspring.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary union (fwd) Message-ID: <341710AF.63B8@mindspring.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Ousman G. wrote: > > Having a single unified currency in West Africa is a great idea > provided this is thought through properly though the year 2000 is > too soon. I think the Naira is a good choice. Nigeria is the regional > super power, with the largest population, budget. GDP, and the > largest contributor to ECOWAS. Its position in ECOWAS is just the US > in the UN. I think it is the perfect choice. > > Ousman The perfect choice?? The Naira is currently one of the least stable monetary units in West Africa, any more to select the Naira as the currency of choice would spell disaster for the region. As a "regional super power," Nigeria, although capable, is not providing for the welfare of its own people. There is a huge brain drain precisely because of Nigeria's current political economy. A retired professor cannot even pay monthly rent, let alone survive, on his or her retirement wages. Unless, you mentioned this as a joke, it is difficult to understand what benefit the region could derive from a adoption of the Naira. M W Payne ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 19:54:45 -0400 From: msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization Message-ID: <199709102354.TAA11474@aspen.mtu.edu> > From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Tue Sep 9 16:49:55 1997 > Date: Tue, 9 Sep 1997 22:44:30 +0200 > From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > > From: C-reuters@clari.net (Reuters) Newsgroups: > clari.world.africa.western,clari.news.religion,biz.clarinet.sample > Subject: Gambia government criticises Moslem sect Organization: > Copyright 1997 by Reuters Message-ID: > <Rgambia-ahmadiyyaURpCi_7S7@clari.net> Lines: 43 > Date: Sun, 7 Sep 1997 17:22:05 PDT Expires: Sun, 14 Sep 1997 15:20:07 > > > > BANJUL, Gambia (Reuter) - The Gambian government criticized > members of the Ahmadiyya Muslim sect Sunday, accusing them of > causing public confusion and panic by leaving the country > abruptly last week. ..... The community, which has more than 30,000 followers, ran two > hospitals, one clinic and three secondary schools. The hospitals > closed after the departures. Do anyone know the situations at the three schools they run? Malanding Jaiteh ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 22:44:17 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <970910222833_1717071268@emout16.mail.aol.com> Bass and Habib, Religious tolerance is fine and of course as muslims, we know that each of us has the freedom to choose your belief and the consequencies good or bad that comes with the choice. However, as Muslims, it is our obligation to warn fellow muslims to adhere strictly to the Qur'an and Sunnah. There are many sects in Islam that have practices that deviate from that which is set forth in the Qur'an, and that which was exemplified by the Prophet's actions and his sunnah. Imam Fatti was fulfilling his obligation before Allah almighty by addressing this issue. No one doubts that the Ahmadiyyas have accomplished a lot in the Gambia in terms of schools, health facilities etc, but if pointing out their errant practices in the religion sends them packing, then so be it. As a Muslim, l'd rather err on the side of Allah. Jabou ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 21:58:54 -0500 (EST) From: Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <7C3F6207FF@scholar.wabash.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Preaching Islam's teaching is fine but a continuous storm of insults on others on a daily basis is another thing. From what I have been hearing about this issue at home, it seems Imam Fatti and other Imams have stepped out of line. They seem to have run out of topics to discuss at their sermons. All the time I see in brochures, books, etc. how tolerant people are in the Gambia. How can we talk about religious tolerance if a certain group of minorities have the slightest fear for their safety? People who act like this are the worst representatives of Islam. There should not be anything "errant" about the Ahmadies. It is a sect , or maybe even a religion of its own, and if that makes anyone think that Islam is threaten, then they really don't believe in Islam. And the Ahmadiyya did not leave because of only the verbal attack, but some other imams in the Kombo areas have been implicitly implying that the Ahmadies should attacked (physically). The Pakistanis then went to the Ministry of Interior to address the security issue and were told that their safety cannot be guarranteed. Who wouldn't have left for home if you no longer feel safe in another country? Ousman ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 20:45:59 PDT From: "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> To: Gambia-L@U.Washington.edu Subject: brothers and sisters of the Message-ID: <19970911034609.21740.qmail@hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain MY BROTHERS AND MY SISTERS !!!!!!!. i am back , not from the dead or from hibernation, but simply from the rigourous task of trying to get me some dough. just enough, i should say to get me through another semester. it's been a while!!. at least 3 to 4 months. over this period, i have been able to periodically scan through my e-mail and have even read some interesting, touching, educative, angry, thoughtful, provocative, and even shocking postings on this list. but i would not have been able to do any topic or subject at lenght justice, so i decided to leave well alone to the worthy for the time being. I AM BACK. LORD !!!! it feels so good... you al just don't understand how it feels to be so closely in touch . i have read some postings about ( going back home ) stuff about yahya.....,,, counter coups.... :: as i said. interesting.. touching, provoking and allll..... i will not say bye without a few comments on some of the things i have read here.....some time ago, i saw that my aggitated cousin OMAR F. MBYE has unsuscribed.. oh well.... About going back home,,, i now understand how my older brother felt when he said it was time to come home. BAI BIRAN JAGNE did not last a year at the R.V.H. 'cause he said he could not bear to see the corruption resulting from being under-paid, and so stuff end up being missing that was really needed to save lives.. he just could not bear sitting there and watching people die, not b'cause he could not do anything, but simply because **HE COULDN'T (LACK of equiptment and such stuff.))))).....i wil have more on this later... I still maintain that yahya could have been a real hero had he simply handed over the reins and not gotten greedy. As the semester progresses for me, and as i try to juggle my classes with work-study, an internship, and a part-time job at a restaurant!!!!!!!,,,, i will try to bring to light some of the prejudices that people in especially KENTUCKY.. (HILL-BILLY-LAND) HAVE of foreign cultures. i have had some shock and been engaged in heated debates in classes about topics ranging from Islam to female circumscision, ....... at this point, i should say peace. to everone and hope to see some comments soon. let's not forget to be happy and to have faith in the overall inherent goodness on the human race and mankind. JAMMA......JAMMMMMAAAAA.. NJAGA JAGNE.........(A GAMBIAN TRYING TO MAKE SENSE OF THE HIL-BILLY CULTURE. AFTER ALL.)) GOD BLES US ALLL... EXCUSE my lousy typing skilllzzzzzz. ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 22:52:28 -0500 From: Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <1.5.4.16.19970910185255.202f16d0@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" At 10:44 PM 9/10/97 -0400, you wrote: >Bass and Habib, > >Religious tolerance is fine and of course as muslims, we know that each of us >has the freedom to choose your belief and the consequencies good or bad that >comes with the choice. However, as Muslims, it is our obligation to warn >fellow muslims to adhere strictly to the Qur'an and Sunnah. There are many >sects in Islam that have practices that deviate from that which is set forth >in the Qur'an, and that which was exemplified by the Prophet's actions and >his sunnah. Imam Fatti was fulfilling his obligation before Allah almighty by >addressing this issue. No one doubts that the Ahmadiyyas have accomplished a >lot in the Gambia in terms of schools, health facilities etc, but if pointing >out their errant practices in the religion sends them packing, then so be it. >As a Muslim, l'd rather err on the side of Allah. > >Jabou > I believe there is something mysterious about this whole thing. Just the citicism by the state house Imam that the Ahmaddiyyas are nonmuslims will not make them flee away. They must have receive some persecutions of some sort from the Gambia government even though the government will publicly deny that allegation. >From the Islamic point of view, it is OK for the Imam to condemn them, but not harass them which is most likely the case. Although I am a devout muslim, I don't think in the fist place it is right for a mosque to be built in the state house since the Gambia is a secular state. Does this mean that if the next president comes from a different religious denomination than Islam he will built his own sanctuary? Please lets not confuse religious democracy and political democracy. Just an opinion Numukunda ------------------------------ Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 08:30:38 +0000 From: Barry Mahon <barry.mahon@ci.rech.lu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! Message-ID: <34165AAE.7582@ci.rech.lu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Jainaba Diallo wrote: > > Netters, > > I find this article very interesting !!!! I reserve my comments. > In the Lonely Planet guide for the Gambia it says that the Haley story was found to be false when his papers were examined after his death. IMO it is not so important, it is clear that the majority of the people who ended up as plantation slaves in the US came originally from this part of Africa. Even to-day it would be very difficult to trace a family back more than 2/3 generations because of the lack of records. I don't want to be a party pooper but.... > > Copyright 1997 The Times Newspapers Limited. To > > inquire about rights to reproduce material from > > The Sunday Times, please visit the Syndication > > website ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 12:05:56 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F3219031101119@dkdifs02.dif.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable False or not - I agree if Mr. Haley has said that his book was fiction, he should not be blamed anything. From introducing the novel "The Spy who came in from The Cold" a new period of novel/fiction was introduced, where you try to write fiction based on facts - called "New realism" -period. I think that we all feel that Mr. Haley should have credit for bringing the slave-trade-history up , putting focus on The Gambia. And even his novel is not a true family-history, I think that many people all over the world got their eyes on Africa, slave-trade, and The Gambia, which they would never do without the TV-story. So let=B4s credit him for that, and see his novel more as fiction in a new litterary tradition. Asbj=F8rnNordam > ---------- > Fra: Jainaba Diallo[SMTP:jai_diallo@hotmail.com] > Svar til: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Sendt: 9. september 1997 20:51 > Til: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List > Emne: Fwd: So Haley's Roots Was a Fabrication!! >=20 > Netters, >=20 > I find this article very interesting !!!! I reserve my comments. >=20 > Cheerio, >=20 > Jainaba. >=20 > >Date: Sun, 07 Sep 1997 09:31:17 -0400 > >Subject: THE SUNDAY TIMES: FOREIGN NEWS American TV boycotts expos = of > >Haley's Roots > >=20 > > American TV boycotts expos of Haley's Roots =20 > > > > by John Harlow =20 > > Arts Correspondent =20 > > =20 > > =20 >=20 ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 06:31:22 -0400 (EDT) From: Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: ROOTS-Haley (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970911063054.6389A-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII ---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 06:24:15 -0700 From: latjor ndow <ndukuman@avana.net> To: gndow@spelman.edu Subject: ROOTS-Haley Greetings: Concerning Haley's 'ROOTS', Prof. Ivan van Sertima once described it as 'Faction'. It is a literary word coined from the words, 'fact' and 'fiction'. Haley no doubt dug deep into the factual historical accounts of slavery in America, as well as accounts of his own family line - at least up to the second or third generation. However, he did fictionalize events that took place in Juffureh and his alledged great great great grandpa Kunta Kinteh. Perhaps the best way to view the entire 'ROOTS' saga is that it provided a sort of psychological anchor for the millions of Africans born in the African diaspora whose psycho-historical memory was brutalized inter-generationally by the attrocities of slavery. Their yearning to reconnect with their mother - Africa, to actually point to a place, a spot, an exact location, nay, a people, a family, and indeed to an individual became overwhelming. This search for Ancestor (echoes of African cultural retention?) was/is a constant theme in the African diasporan literary works. (In the francophone world it took the form of a movement - Negritude.) One finds this refrain also in the political movements or more aptly liberation movements that emerged. Yes, to understand 'ROOTS' fully it is important to go back to the past century and the movements such as the African Consciousness Movement that were created by freed Blacks of the likes of William Wells Brown in New England. And the Martin Delany's (Father of Black Nationalism) and Carter G. Woodson all the way to the great Hon. Marcus Mosiah Garvey, who galvanized millions of diasporan Africans with the rallying cry 'Africa fro Africans, at home and abroad!' His back to Africa Movement in the early part of this century greatly influenced the 60's generation of the X's and Haley's. The African diaspora embrace of 'ROOTS' in non-critical manner for such a long time would only be comprehended in this context. It is as if it was their umbilical cord which firmly tied them back to their mother. Haley therefore was only articulating the collective yearning of the African diaspora. Perhaps one may ask: 'Does this make it right?' Well if we one to become judgemental on matters of this sort we will soon discover that this phenomenon is not unique to the diasporan Africans' experience. As a historical anectode, let me offer you this to chew on. Most of you have heard of the reggae song that has the following lyrics to it: ....by the rivers of babylon where we sat down and there we wept when we remember zion ... It speaks of a group of people who were held in captivity many many centurie ago in babylon. They were also diasporan (as a matter of fact the word 'diaspora' was originally associated with those who practiced Judaism living in exile. When one actually delves deep into their historical records as written by their scribes, themselves living in bondage, (I am referring to the scribes generally referred to as the Babylonian Talmudists) one soon discovers that the literary style of 'Faction' was indeed utilized in some of their recountings! In peace, LatJor ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 11:48:36 0000 From: "N.JARJU" <CD6C6JNJ@swansea.ac.uk> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Signing off. Message-ID: <183BA3914D0@CCUGRAD2.SWAN.AC.UK> Hello Brothers and Sisters, I wish to notify each and everyone of you that I have come to the end of my programme. I shall be returning home mid-next week. It is really a pleasure to be part of this communication channel, and I have really learnt a lot. I wish everyone the best of luck. Please let us be tolerant to one another in the name and spirit of nationalism. Everyone is entitle to his/her opinion; therefore when I offer you my "nonsense", just take the sense and give me back my "non". The world is big but a small place, and society is complex. We are fortunate to be "schooled" and travelled... enough to make one aware of differences. Once again, thank you all. I shall not be in position to access my mail by next week Wednesday. Allah's protection be on us all. Thanx. ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 8:04:01 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: awo@mindspring.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio Message-ID: <TFSGJXCS@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Folks Why not have a completely NEW unit like the European system the EEC is =20 trying to implement?? Call it the "The West African Monetary Unit " and completely avoid using =20 any present country's currency=2E First that will eliminate any animosity and confusion=2E Secondly every country will be fairly represented=2E Thirdly have a Common Central Bank with the headquarters based in Nigeria =20= =20 and the President rotated every two years (each participating country =20 will have a chance to select the president of the new Central Bank) Lastly , have a branch in each capital and every committee have a =20 representative from each country in the union=2E Habib -----Original Message----- From: awo@mindspring=2Ecom Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 1997 5:27 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Ousman G=2E wrote: > > Having a single unified currency in West Africa is a great idea > provided this is thought through properly though the year 2000 is > too soon=2E I think the Naira is a good choice=2E Nigeria is the regional > super power, with the largest population, budget=2E GDP, and the > largest contributor to ECOWAS=2E Its position in ECOWAS is just the US > in the UN=2E I think it is the perfect choice=2E > > Ousman The perfect choice?? The Naira is currently one of the least stable monetary units in West Africa, any more to select the Naira as the currency of choice would spell disaster for the region=2E As a "regional super power," Nigeria, although capable, is not providing for the welfare of its own people=2E There is a huge brain drain precisely because of Nigeria's current political economy=2E A retired professor cannot even pay monthly rent, let alone survive, on his or her retirement wages=2E Unless, you mentioned this as a joke, it is difficult to understand what benefit the region could derive from a adoption of the Naira=2E M W Payne ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 17:43:44 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F321903110111C@dkdifs02.dif.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Yes why not. I think that the way the EU Monetary Bank-system is organized could be a model for West-Africa to copy. BUT how it will funcktion, like being a "ruling body" over the EU and national governments and parliaments policy, that is a question if that can be a model worth copying.! Asbj=F8rn Nordam > ---------- > Fra: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] > Svar til: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Sendt: 11. september 1997 15:04 > Til: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List > Emne: RE: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio >=20 > Folks > Why not have a completely NEW unit like the European system the EEC = is >=20 > trying to implement?? > Call it the "The West African Monetary Unit " and completely avoid > using =20 > any present country's currency. > First that will eliminate any animosity and confusion. > Secondly every country will be fairly represented. > Thirdly have a Common Central Bank with the headquarters based in > Nigeria =20 > and the President rotated every two years (each participating country >=20 > will have a chance to select the president of the new Central Bank) > Lastly , have a branch in each capital and every committee have a =20 > representative from each country in the union. > Habib >=20 > -----Original Message----- > From: awo@mindspring.com > Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 1997 5:27 PM > To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Subject: Re: West Africa's Plan for Monetary unio >=20 >=20 > = ---------------------------------------------------------------------- > ---- =20 > -- > Ousman G. wrote: > > > > Having a single unified currency in West Africa is a great idea > > provided this is thought through properly though the year 2000 is > > too soon. I think the Naira is a good choice. Nigeria is the > regional > > super power, with the largest population, budget. GDP, and the > > largest contributor to ECOWAS. Its position in ECOWAS is just the = US > > in the UN. I think it is the perfect choice. > > > > Ousman >=20 > The perfect choice?? The Naira is currently one of the least stable > monetary units in West Africa, any more to select the Naira as the > currency of choice would spell disaster for the region. As a > "regional > super power," Nigeria, although capable, is not providing for the > welfare of its own people. There is a huge brain drain precisely > because of Nigeria's current political economy. A retired professor > cannot even pay monthly rent, let alone survive, on his or her > retirement wages. >=20 > Unless, you mentioned this as a joke, it is difficult to understand > what > benefit the region could derive from a adoption of the Naira. >=20 > M W Payne >=20 >=20 > ********************************** > National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce > 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. > Suite 550 East Tower > Washington, D.C. 20005 > Voice: (202) 289-5920 > Fax: (202) 289-5938 > ********************************** >=20 ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 8:16:52 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: Gunjur@aol.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <TFSGOHAG@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable My dear sister Jabou We are all on the side of Allah (Jews, Christians and Muslims alike) but =20 have different prophets or messengers sent to UPDATE and renew God's =20 message=2E Therefore if someone wants to use an older version (like a computer for =20 example) it is up to them =2E Finally we will all have to answer to our =20 creator no question!! Again it is exactly what the holy Quran teaches us that we should apply=2E=20= =20 TOLERANCE=2E I also agree with you on the sunnah of the rasoul Muhammad (pbuh) but =20 again what we have to do is teach the difference and let them be exposed =20 =2E As always peace Habib -----Original Message----- From: Gunjur@aol=2Ecom Sent: Wednesday, September 10, 1997 10:42 PM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- Bass and Habib, Religious tolerance is fine and of course as muslims, we know that each =20 of us has the freedom to choose your belief and the consequencies good or bad =20 that comes with the choice=2E However, as Muslims, it is our obligation to warn fellow muslims to adhere strictly to the Qur'an and Sunnah=2E There are =20 many sects in Islam that have practices that deviate from that which is set =20 forth in the Qur'an, and that which was exemplified by the Prophet's actions =20 and his sunnah=2E Imam Fatti was fulfilling his obligation before Allah =20 almighty by addressing this issue=2E No one doubts that the Ahmadiyyas have =20 accomplished a lot in the Gambia in terms of schools, health facilities etc, but if =20 pointing out their errant practices in the religion sends them packing, then so be =20= =20 it=2E As a Muslim, l'd rather err on the side of Allah=2E Jabou ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 10:34:09 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: sl Message-ID: <TFSIJDQW@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable I think the junta has numbered days now as indicated in the following =20 article Back to Contents \| Home \| (c)AFP 1997 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ SLeone-defect : Three Sierra Leonean army officers defect to Nigeria FREETOWN, Sept 11 (AFP) - Three senior Sierra Leonean army officers =20 including a former chief of staff have defected to Nigeria, which has led =20= =20 efforts to oust the ruling junta, defense sources here said Thursday=2E Colonel Komba Medeh and two other officers, who had attended training =20 courses in Nigeria, were due back in the Sierra Leonean capital Freetown =20 on Tuesday, the sources said=2E Mondeh helped a former junta leader Captain Valentine Strasser overthrow =20 the civilian government of Joseph Momoh in 1992 and was made a minister =20 and then chief of defense staff=2E He now sides with the civilian government which was elected early last =20 year, headed by president Ahmed Tejan Kabbah, and ousted in May by a =20 junta led by Major Johnny Paul Koroma=2E Speaking on a pirate radio station in Freetown, Mondeh urged Koroma to =20 "hand over without delay to President Kabbah or prepare to face the =20 consequences=2E" "Koroma is relatively junior to implement any meaningful or structural =20 changes in the lives of Sierra Leoneans," Mondeh said=2E Mondeh and the two other defectors have been retired from the Sierra =20 Leonean army=2E rmj/afm/nb ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ********************************** ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 15:17:48 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <341843DC.8277DD18@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit In an Agence France-Presse (AFP) news piece dated 9 September 1997, and titled "Sect members say Gambian minister issued death threats", it is reported that in a statement released in Banjul on Tuesday, members of the Pakistan-based Ahmadiyya sect "accused Interior and Religious Affairs Minister Momodou Bojang of issuing a death threat against them." In the statement, according to AFP, it is stated that Lamin Jawara, the former secretary-general of Ahmadiyya sect in The Gambia was summoned by Bojang who told him "If I was the Gambian president (junta leader Yahya Jammeh[)], I would have you all put to death because you are infidels." According to AFP, "50 members of the sect had served as doctors, priests and teachers for more than 20 years." After they left last week they were accused by Bojang of "wanting to cause panic in Gambia." While the statement also revealed that "two Ahmadi doctors who had left Banjul planned to return to the country", Bojang said earlier "the sectors of education and teaching are the responsibility of the government, which will take all measures to deal with the situation." Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 16:08:31 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <34184FBF.B914C8E3@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Gunjur@aol.com wrote: > However, as Muslims, it is our obligation to > warn fellow muslims to adhere strictly to the Qur'an and Sunnah. There > are many sects in Islam that have practices that deviate from that > which is set forth in the Qur'an, and that which was exemplified by > the Prophet's actions and his sunnah. Imam Fatti was fulfilling his > obligation before Allah almighty by addressing this issue. No one > doubts that the Ahmadiyyas have accomplished a lot in the Gambia in > terms of schools, health facilities etc, but if pointing out their > errant practices in the religion sends them packing, then so be it. I can understand that there is an "obligation to warn fellow muslims to adhere strictly to the Qur'an and Sunnah" but there is a difference between mere warning and outright threats. Like Ousman, I believe that these repeated sermons, especially at the State House Mosque, is over the top. As Numukunda said, the very existence of a Mosque at State House is already questionable let alone such intolerant sermons. It is obvious that mere warnings did not send this group "packing". This departure is a huge blow to the country, especially with a reported Ahmadiyya following of 30,000, and the schools and health care centres they ran, purportedly very well. The government needs to respond concretely to the serious accusations made in Tuesday's statement as well as the other reports of harassment on this sect. What does this all say about religious freedom in The Gambia? Recently, Gambia has witnessed a period of expanding religious pluralism especially with the increase of new so-called "born-again" Christian groups where many muslims are taking membership. Will they be targeted next? Again, I think the government needs to come out strongly on this issue. I understand their discontent with the manner with which the Ahmadiyyas left and the ramifications of such an abrupt departure but at the same time they need to investigate and condemn any alleged religious based threats and reaffirm their commitment to religious tolerance and freedom as enshrined in the constitution. This would help put to ease the minds of Gambians at home and abroad as well as those human rights groups and others who cannot wait to jump on the administration and cause new foreign relations problems. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 16:44:50 -0400 (EDT) From: Salifuj@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970911164158_1295758685@emout07.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 97-09-11 15:18:18 EDT, you write: << In the statement, according to AFP, it is stated that Lamin Jawara, the former secretary-general of Ahmadiyya sect in The Gambia was summoned by Bojang who told him "If I was the Gambian president (junta leader Yahya Jammeh[)], I would have you all put to death because you are infidels." >> Doesn't this sound like a propanganda by the Government to take over the business sector of the Ahmadiyya sect. Come on, we have seen this before, when after the coup, a majority of the Lebanese and Fulla business people were compelled to flee the country because of the threatening actions directed towards them by the government. In fact, I have relatives in Guinea who are the very prosperous business people whose businesses were ranshacked and forced to flee the country. Most of these people lost a great deal of money because they were forced to leave unexpectedly for fear of their lives, thus leaving most of their belongings behind. What I see here is a repetition of the same dilema. It is totally ridiculous to think that the government is NOT behind the scene. A "hungry" government will at random take its chances on anything it can lay its hands on. By causing the Ahamdiyyans to flee, the govenment stands to gain their schools and hospitals and the many businesses they run. It may not be much to the Ahmadiyyans but the Gambians will have a lot to lose (and the goverment a lot to gain) including the best hospitals and schools in the country, not to mention the numerous local projects they do for the local communities. All over the world, the Ahmadiyyans are being persecuted but if they had to run every time some one tells them that "you are not muslims", I don't think they will be found anywhere outside Pakistan (and India). If the allegations by Bojang above are true, then I feel sorry for the government of the Gambia. When a "diplomatic" representative can be allowed to swear a threat like that, then I fear that we are still in the era of what I will call a "non-civilian mentality rule". IMO, this is not a religious conflict, but a conflict of interest where religion is used as the scapegoat. -Sal ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 16:46:59 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: rainfall Message-ID: <TFSNGKVI@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable Another addition by pana - El Nino, the weather phenomenon which has unleashed drought, and =20 sometimes floods, in several parts of the world, is responsible for just =20 5 percent of droughts in Southern Africa this year, a Zimbabwe =20 meteorological official said Tuesday=2E The official, Marufu Zinyowera, told the country's news agency, Ziana, =20 that there were other unidentified causes of drought in the subregion=2E Zinyowera, the director of meteorological services, said regional =20 scientists and researchers were investigating the other causes of =20 drought=2E He said the meteorological services of the 12-members of the Southern =20 African Development Community were unclear as to what the major causes of =20= =20 drought might be=2E Southern Africa is very large and the phenomenon has in the past affected =20= =20 other parts of the region and leaving out others, he said=2E Drought in 1991 and 1992 affected mostly southern Zimbabwe, south =20 Mozambique and the northern Transval, in South Africa=2E El Nino conditions builds up in the Pacific Ocean every three to four =20 years=2E It has been blamed for the severe drought which caused an =20 unprecedented famine in Ethiopia in 1984=2E Experts from the Sadc region are meeting in Kadoma, south of Harare, this =20= =20 week, to discuss the regional climate outlook related to El Nino and =20 possible mechanisms to deal with its effects=2E ********************************** National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************ ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 20:13:09 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <970911200847_1041049536@emout19.mail.aol.com> But Habib, That is what Imam Fatti did. He taught the difference and these guys went packing and left in a huff. Jabou In a message dated 9/11/97 11:38:59 AM, you wrote: <<My dear sister Jabou We are all on the side of Allah (Jews, Christians and Muslims alike) but have different prophets or messengers sent to UPDATE and renew God's message. Therefore if someone wants to use an older version (like a computer for example) it is up to them . Finally we will all have to answer to our creator no question!! Again it is exactly what the holy Quran teaches us that we should apply. TOLERANCE. I also agree with you on the sunnah of the rasoul Muhammad (pbuh) but again what we have to do is teach the difference and let them be exposed ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 20:29:14 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970911202608_-1701632948@emout08.mail.aol.com> Latir, l agree with Mr. Bojang that education etc is our responsibility to our children. We have got to get rid of the "beggar mode" of always relying on others to come in and take care of what we ourselves should.Must we refrain from adressing issues, religious or otherwise just so that we can continue to benefit from other people's handouts? DO YOU REALLY BELIEVE THAT THOSE PEOPLE,S LIVES WERE IN DANGER? If that statement was made by Mr. Bojang, then clearly, he was out of line , but l doubt very much that the masses in Gambia were about to kill anyone. Jabou In a message dated 9/11/97 2:18:18 PM, you wrote: <<In an Agence France-Presse (AFP) news piece dated 9 September 1997, and titled "Sect members say Gambian minister issued death threats", it is reported that in a statement released in Banjul on Tuesday, members of the Pakistan-based Ahmadiyya sect "accused Interior and Religious Affairs Minister Momodou Bojang of issuing a death threat against them." In the statement, according to AFP, it is stated that Lamin Jawara, the former secretary-general of Ahmadiyya sect in The Gambia was summoned by Bojang who told him "If I was the Gambian president (junta leader Yahya Jammeh[)], I would have you all put to death because you are infidels." According to AFP, "50 members of the sect had served as doctors, priests and teachers for more than 20 years." After they left last week they were accused by Bojang of "wanting to cause panic in Gambia." While the statement also revealed that "two Ahmadi doctors who had left Banjul planned to return to the country", Bojang said earlier "the sectors of education and teaching are the responsibility of the government, which will take all measures to deal with the situation." Peace. Latir Gheran ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- Received: from mrin46.mail.aol.com (mrin46.mx.aol.com [198.81.19.156]) by air04.mx.aol.com (V32) with SMTP; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 15:18:18 -0400 Received: from lists2.u.washington.edu (lists2.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.1]) by mrin46.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) with ESMTP id PAA10721; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 15:17:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists2.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id MAA02148; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 12:17:27 -0700 Received: from mx2.u.washington.edu (mx2.u.washington.edu [140.142.32.7]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id MAA47640 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 12:16:21 -0700 Received: from italy.it.earthlink.net (italy-c.it.earthlink.net [204.250.46.18]) by mx2.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id MAA25547 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 12:16:20 -0700 Received: from earthlink.net (ip126.an3-new-york4.ny.pub-ip.psi.net [38.26.14.126]) by italy.it.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id MAA18563 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 12:16:17 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <341843DC.8277DD18@earthlink.net> Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 15:17:48 -0400 Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >> ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 22:32:11 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Message-ID: <970911223121_1853795976@emout17.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 9/11/97 7:09:17 PM, you wrote: Numukunda, Please don't get me wrong.l am not condoning harassment or threats to anyone for whatever reason. l am merely pointing out that it is incumbent upon the Imam as well as any good muslim to address this, i.e to warn fellow muslims about being wary of innovators in our religion. l was not aware of threats made against anyone and clearly, it is not a muslim's duty to persecute anyone due to their belief, that is left to our maker. As for building a mosque at State House, l can see where that could open up a whole new can of worms, given the religious make-up of our society. Jabou. > On 9/11/97, you wrote: >Jabou > I believe there is something mysterious about this whole thing. Just the citicism by the state house Imam that the Ahmaddiyyas are nonmuslims will not make them flee away. They must have receive some persecutions of some sort from the Gambia government even though the government will publicly deny that allegation. >From the Islamic point of view, it is OK for the Imam to condemn them, but not harass them which is most likely the case. Although I am a devout muslim, I don't think in the fist place it is right for a mosque to be built in the state house since the Gambia is a secular state. Does this mean that if the next president comes from a different religious denomination than Islam he will built his own sanctuary? Please lets not confuse religious democracy and political democracy. Just an opinion Numukunda ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Wed Sep 10 23:53:00 1997 Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by mrin84.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) with ESMTP id XAA08803; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 23:52:54 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id UAA18029; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 20:52:49 -0700 Received: from mx5.u.washington.edu (mx5.u.washington.edu [140.142.32.6]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id UAA38330 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 20:52:33 -0700 Received: from sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu (sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu [130.74.1.71]) by mx5.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id UAA15812 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 20:52:31 -0700 Received: from @sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu by sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/951211.SGI) for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> id WAA13641; Wed, 10 Sep 1997 22:52:28 -0500 Message-Id: <1.5.4.16.19970910185255.202f16d0@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Date: Wed, 10 Sep 1997 22:52:28 -0500 Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (Digest) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" X-Sender: ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >> ------------------------------ Date: Thu, 11 Sep 1997 23:39:36 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Tripod Insider - Vol. 3, No. 37 Message-ID: <970911233742_-1902391732@emout10.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 9/11/97 5:09:05 PM, you wrote: <<Tripod Insider Vol. 3 No. 37 September 12, 1997 http://www.tripod.com/planet/insider/ Welcome to the Tripod Insider. We're getting a little tired of all the introductions, so this week we've got a message for the new folks: Introduce yourselves. Read what they had to say after checking out what's new on Tripod. N E W H O M E P A G E _______________________________________________ http://www.tripod.com/ Yes, Tripod has a brand-new homepage. Why the change? Because under the seemingly calm surface of our old homepage there was a revolution going on -- a personal publishing revolution. We put up a free and easy-to-use Homepage Builder, and the next thing you know over 180,000 of our members had built themselves cool Web sites of their own! We built a conferencing system, and suddenly it was full of wonderful conversation! So we decided to stop hiding our light under a bushel: We hope our new homepage more clearly represents Tripod's great mixture of professional articles, fun activities, and personal publishing efforts. Tripod is about our members, and now the whole world knows about it. N E W I N W O R K __________________________________________________ http://www.tripod.com/work/ Even if you're sitting pretty with a groovy job, chances are good that you'll have to go through the employment search gulag again at some point in your life. So it makes sense to occasionally brush up your resume and job interview skills. This week's suite of content in the Work section helps you do just that. http://www.tripod.com/work/resume_theme/ Did you ever have the sneaking suspicion that some muckety-muck at that company where you've applied for work is derisively snickering at your resume? You may be right! Candi Strecker talked to hiring managers and recruiters to find out what sorts of boo-boos send brag sheets straight for the circular file, and she passes on the fruits of her research in "Don't Let Them Laugh at Your Resume." http://www.tripod.com/work/columns/strecker/970908rez.html Next up, Jerry Grasso's "Job Hunt 101" presents ten sure-fire tips for success. http://www.tripod.com/work/columns/guest/970908a.html Trudy Milburn is such a freakin' expert on job interview strategies that she teaches a college course on the subject at NYU. We sent Harry Goldstein to chat with her about slam-dunking the Q&A. http://www.tripod.com/work/interviews/970908milburn.html Of course, not everyone has had the benefit of taking Ms. Milburn's course or reading the above insights, so a lot of interviews have gone, shall we say, less than ideally. Naturally, we wanted to hear the gory details, so we polled our members about their "Job Interview Nightmares." Check out their responses and learn what NOT to do. http://www.tripod.com/work/surveys/says/970908interview.html Tripod's Resume Builder lets you build a killer brag sheet with a couple of points and a click or two. Post it on the Web to show potential employers what an Internet-savvy hipster you are, or print it out to schlep around on interviews (tell 'em Tripod sent you). http://www.tripod.com/work/resume/ -- "Randy" Randy Williams, Work editor N E W I N H E A L T H ______________________________________________ http://www.tripod.com/health/ This week, Health offers some nutritious nuggets of knowledge. Our expert dietitian, Dr. Margaret Snowman, answers your questions and relays some nifty information, such as: Cockroaches can drink milk. (Good -- I'm running out of bourbon.) http://www.tripod.com/health/ Then: We don't have to tell you that nothing's more tricky than trying to balance your diet. But you're not alone -- let it out with others who've been there in "Nutritious Nuggets," the newest Health conference topic, hosted by Dr. Snowman (Remember? Our dietitian?) http://www.tripod.com/service/trialogue/show/Health/1061493 Also, Health's newest quick quiz can't seem to get off the topic of bites. (What does this say about us?) After human bites, which we've covered, what's the second most dangerous kind? Take our quiz and find out what your postman already knows. http://www.tripod.com/health/ And Ask The Doctors' Dr. Bob discusses the benefits of quitting smoking, while Dr. Migdow gives you some holistic ways to quit. The doctors also answer questions on pap smears, bowel disease, and boosting immunity. So come on down -- after all, it's your Health we're talking about. http://www.tripod.com/health/ask_docs/index.html -- Lori Tuckett, Health editor N E W I N T H E W O M E N ' S R O O M ____________________________ http://womensroom.tripod.com/ This week, join in the fray in the Women's Room conference. In the Princess of (Broken) Hearts topic, Tripod member Amie says, "Personally, I feel that any time the world loses someone who can serve as a role model, it is a tragedy worth mourning... the grief makes sense." Does the grief really make sense, or do you wonder why people are still grieving for a woman they never knew? http://www.tripod.com/service/trialogue/show/Womens_Room/555260 Then, stop by the Motherhood topic -- guest-hosted by Bust's Celina Hex -- to discuss everything from tubal ligation to breast-feeding in public. Tripod member Terilynn says, "I was nursing my son at a mall foodcourt, and some clueless fool would ALWAYS come up and try to peek -- 'I just wanna see the baby.' Yeah, and I'm Catherine the Great." What do you think about nursing in public? http://www.tripod.com/service/trialogue/show/Womens_Room/3502 -- Emma Taylor, Women's Room editor N E W I N S C R E E N L I F E ______________________________________ http://screenlife.tripod.com/ Ready to make your Web pages sing? Literally? The tools you need to add songs, sonnets, and silly noises are inexpensive (or free), and really easy to use. Scot Hacker reviews the various types of audio files you could use, and then teaches you how to use sound-editing software. The Web has never sounded so good. http://screenlife.tripod.com/lifesupport/columns/hacker/970911.html http://screenlife.tripod.com/lifesupport/columns/hacker/970911b.html In YourLife, check out the 'Fess Up conference topic: MichiruK says, "Online is like a totally different world where you are in complete control. If you mess up, you can always change your screen-name. If you don't want to deal with something, you can turn the computer off." True? Let us know! http://screenlife.tripod.com/yourlife/ http://www.tripod.com/service/trialogue/show/Screen_Life/ Do you despise Barbie and all she stands for? Or do you love Barbie as a reclaimed feminist icon? Either way, you should join Tripod_Negeen in the X-Squared Pod, a new place for Women's Room enthusiasts to publish pages on women's issues and/or read those of others. (Featured this week: Feminist punk rock and breast surgery support.) It's a chromosome thing. http://screenlife.tripod.com/podlife/pods/xsquared/ http://screenlife.tripod.com/podlife/ -- Josh Glenn, acting ScreenLife editor A L S O N E W O N T R I P O D _____________________________________ In the Daily Scoop this week, we check out what the Web is saying about the Middle East, Miss America, and polar forces in business. Remember: We're filtering the best headlines, feature stories, and trends on the Web for you -- every day! http://dailyscoop.tripod.com/ Each and every Friday, one of our staff members contributes an informal note about the goings-on up here in the Silicon Boonies. This week, technology VP Don Zereski opens his journal to share details of the night he and the tech team sneaked our servers to New Jersey under the cover of darkness. A "you-are-there" account, complete with photos, Tripod Fun Facts, and Handy Cybermove Tips. http://www.tripod.com/tripod/letters/ And as always, the Toybox is packed with jokes, toys, games, and other innovations to keep you entertained throughout your day. http://toybox.tripod.com/ T R I P O D P R E M I U M M E M B E R S H I P ______________________ http://www.tripod.com/planet/membership/premium/ We've taken some of the best parts of Tripod and made them even better... * Ten (10) megabytes of disk space for your page-building pleasure * An Image Library for Premium Members only: a suite of clever graphics and Tripod's Colorizer Technology * A private Answering Machine * A Premium Guestbook * Your own E-mail Forwarding address @tripod.net * Your Personal Chat room * The Premium Membership Preview -- An exclusive monthly newsletter featuring free goodies and sneak peeks at Tripod content and services All of this for the bargain price of $3 per month -- $18 for 6 months, $36 for a year. Get yourself a Premium Membership today! http://www.tripod.com/planet/membership/premium/ T R I P O D I N S I D E R ___________________________________________ http://www.tripod.com/planet/insider/ We get a new crop of employees just about every week, and quite frankly, the Insider was getting a little tired of introducing them. So this week, we had the new kids introduce themselves. Read on... >From Maria Trimarchi, Assistant Editor for ScreenLife: I can't believe I'm in Williamstown... again. I grew up here and I feel like a hypocrite after all the long hours I spent dreaming about leaving this town for the bright lights, big city. On the other hand, at least I no longer live right by a smelting plant, like I did in Syracuse. And I'll settle in -- I just need to find a place to hang my disco ball and call home. Someplace, that is, other than in my ScreenLife: http://members.tripod.com/~salacya/disco.html. And from Glenn Stevens, User Support Specialist: Hi! I'm Tripod's latest acquisition. User Support Specialist is just a fancy title that means I take care of all the internal systems (hardware and software). Starting this job is like building a race car: Some things you keep, most you buy new and start over. Believe me, this is the busiest I've been in a long time. Best thing is, I'm the only grandfather here (my kids are as old as most of the people here!). If you have any questions or comments, feel free to e-mail me. My mailbox is always open. Tung T. Pham Membership Director tpham@tripod.com ______________________________________________________________________ You have just finished reading the Tripod Insider, the weekly newsletter on what's happening on and off the Tripod Web site. Past issues of the Insider are available on the Web site at: http://www.tripod.com/planet/insider/ --> L O S T P A S S W O R D S If you do not remember your Tripod password, send e-mail to "lost@tripod.com" with only your member name exactly as above in the subject line. If you would like to update your member information, go to the help page: http://www.tripod.com/help/ --> U N S U B S C R I B E You may remove yourself from the mailing list by going to: http://www.tripod.com/service/newsletter Tripod, Inc. 160 Water Street Williamstown, MA 01267 http://www.tripod.com/ info@tripod.com >> ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 01:38:27 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <3418D553.E4F2800@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Gunjur@aol.com wrote: > > Latir, > l agree with Mr. Bojang that education etc is our responsibility to > our children. We have got to get rid of the "beggar mode" of always > relying on others to come in and take care of what we ourselves > should.Must we refrain from adressing issues, religious or otherwise > just so that we can continue to benefit from other people's handouts? > DO YOU REALLY BELIEVE THAT THOSE PEOPLE[']S LIVES WERE IN DANGER? If > that statement was made by Mr. Bojang, then clearly, he was out of > line , but l doubt very much that the masses in Gambia were about to > kill anyone. I too don't believe that anyone was going to be killed but all the same a hostile environment against the Ahmadiyya sect seemed to exist and if I were one of them I would probably react in a similar manner, perhaps not as abruptly. I'm curious though, what do you think was the real reason for their departure? On another note, I would also agree with you that we need to do away with that "beggar mode". In the case of the Ahmadiyya's, I don't think the whole country should pay complete obedience to them by not criticising only to keep them around. People should be free to express their views but I think there is a problem, however, when the Imam of the State House mosque leads the way in such a vigorous manner. After all, in his audience sits the head of state and the non response from the government almost indicates an air of condoning that preaching. If my memory serves me correctly, his friday sermons are aired on national TV. This is what scares me and also, in my opinion, probably the members of the sect who eventually left, especially after receiving the cold shoulder from the secretary of state for religious affairs who incidently holds the portfolio of interior, an odd combination. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 12:10:10 +0200 From: "Kaira Isatou Boubacar" <kaiisa@hs.nki.no> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re-Gambia in the News(a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <34191502.DA2@hs.nki.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit I don't normally engage in religious discussions because I think they are very sensitive issues but I've been following this discussion with keen interest and can't help but add a few things. I've always been proud of Gambia being tolerant when it comes to religion but what I'm reading here scares me. I've lived in Nigeria for sometimes and I've seen the consequences of religious intolerance. And I remember saying "thank God we don't have such back home". I used to even boast to my Nigerian friends how peacefully we're living with other 'non believers' as they used to say. Who are we to condemn what others believe in? I don't know exactly know what happened to make them pack so abruptly but come to think about it these people have been there for such a long time, some of there kids are born there and some of these kids even speak our languages. So something real serious must have prompted them to just leave like that. I belive that the Gambia is a secular country, where everyone has the right to preach what they belive in and practice it. And that every Gambian has the right to choose what religion they want without feeling harrased or threatened. How many of us have gone through that school and does that make us less muslims or otherwise. I went to St Joseph's and I've had Bibleknowledge but that doesn't make me convert. Infact I apreciated reading the the bible because it made me more tolerant towards other people's religion. People have the right to criticise but I don't think we've got the right to say who is wrong or right or who is bad or good. I think that's for God(for those who believe in God) to decide. As Latir said what about the born agains? Today is the Ahmadiyyans, who'll be next? Isatou. ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 08:04:21 -0400 From: Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <C69DB1B2BFFBCF11B5D300000000000152DD11@Cry1.prc.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain I would like to find out what the Saudi connection to this whole fiasco is. The Ahmaddis ran a business in the Gambia which though benifitted them also benifitted many Gambians - their schools and hospitals, etc. What kind of monetary returns they realized from their investments I don't know but they hoped for believers in their what they were preaching. When we talk about the education of our children being our responsibility, the Ahmaddis were paid to educate the children it was not free. Who knows how Muslim High School came about - when was Yaya's trip to Saudi - The politics of money is at work here - - the Ahmaddis leave, the Saudi's come in, plain and simple - > Bojang who told him "If I was the Gambian president (junta leader > Yahya > Jammeh[)], I would have you all put to death because you are > infidels." > >> > If Bojang said what is being repeated, what does he think of christian population, the different denominations within christian, some of the Mourids who say they don't need prayers and most of what is called for in the Quran because Mam Bamba will take them to heaven? > Doesn't this sound like a propanganda by the Government to take over > the > business sector of the Ahmadiyya sect. > Propaganda and much more is at work here. > By causing the Ahamdiyyans to flee, the govenment stands to gain their > schools and hospitals and the many businesses they run. It may not be > much to the Ahmadiyyans but the Gambians will have a lot to lose (and > the > goverment a lot to gain) including the best hospitals and schools in > the > country, not to mention the numerous local projects they do for the > local > communities. ---- let us find the puppeteer Ya Soffie It feels good to be back in the fold. ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 10:30:22 -0400 (EDT) From: Salifuj@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970912102918_1356582683@emout06.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 97-09-12 08:12:45 EDT, you write: << I would like to find out what the Saudi connection to this whole fiasco is....when was Yaya's trip to Saudi - The politics of money is at work here - - the Ahmaddis leave, the Saudi's come in, plain and simple - >> Ya Soffie, I am glad someone can hit the nail on the head. All this talk about religion and Islam is smoke in the clouds. -Sal ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 10:38:35 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970912103652_-1967408966@emout01.mail.aol.com> Latir, Someone on the list speculated that the gov't perhaps has a hidden agenda to take over the Ahmadiyya's businesses etc. Personally, l doubt that very much, especially since those assets are not really that great as far as l can see. l think that they left because being foreigners in a foreign land, they became scared since the criticism was coming from someone close to our head of state in their view, although l think that does not mean that the Imam was sent on any hidden mission by Yaya Jammeh. l think that if the criticism and even threats came from someone else that they viewed as just a man on the street, they probably would not have left so abruptly. Just my common sense view of the situation. Jabou Latir wrote: I too don't believe that anyone was going to be killed but all the same a hostile environment against the Ahmadiyya sect seemed to exist and if I were one of them I would probably react in a similar manner, perhaps not as abruptly. I'm curious though, what do you think was the real reason for their departure? On another note, I would also agree with you that we need to do away with that "beggar mode". In the case of the Ahmadiyya's, I don't think the whole country should pay complete obedience to them by not criticising only to keep them around. People should be free to express their views but I think there is a problem, however, when the Imam of the State House mosque leads the way in such a vigorous manner. After all, in his audience sits the head of state and the non response from the government almost indicates an air of condoning that preaching. If my memory serves me correctly, his friday sermons are aired on national TV. This is what scares me and also, in my opinion, probably the members of the sect who eventually left, especially after receiving the cold shoulder from the secretary of state for religious affairs who incidently holds the portfolio of interior, an odd combination. Peace. Latir Gheran ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- Received: from mrin83.mail.aol.com (mrin83.mail.aol.com [152.163.116.121]) by air16.mail.aol.com (V32) with SMTP; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 04:19:32 2000 Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by mrin83.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) with ESMTP id BAA17707; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 01:38:24 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id WAA18958; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 22:38:20 -0700 Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id WAA16544 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 22:37:10 -0700 Received: from italy.it.earthlink.net (italy-c.it.earthlink.net [204.250.46.18]) by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id WAA23494 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 22:37:08 -0700 Received: from earthlink.net (ip33.an1-new-york4.ny.pub-ip.psi.net [38.26.12.33]) by italy.it.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id WAA28094 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 11 Sep 1997 22:37:05 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <3418D553.E4F2800@earthlink.net> Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 01:38:27 -0400 Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) References: <970911202608_-1701632948@emout08.mail.aol.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >> ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 11:34:20 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: Salifuj@aol.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest Message-ID: <TFSJDRVI@nusacc.org> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: quoted-printable I think the real picture is coming up=2E Let us all remember that the Saudis are also from the Wahabi sect that is =20= =20 usually very strict with women ( their own traditions NOT Islam -note =20 well=2E) They also preach a very strict version of Islam and are very =20 intolerant especially to other Islamic sects especially Iran's Shia due =20 to their acceptance of the succession of Imam Ali first not Imam Abu =20 Bakar=2E Just a point of notation=2E Let us be careful to separate Church from State=2E I must admit here that both Muslims and Christians do not appreciate the =20 Ahmadiyya's story or version on the final days of our common prophet =20 Jesus Christ (peace be upon him)=2E According to their ( the Ahmadiyyah )=20= =20 sources it is believed by their promised messiah Gullam Ahmad that Christ =20= =20 (peace be upon him) escaped death and went to India where he lived to be =20 over 100 years old and had two wives and three or four children contrary =20 to the belief of both mainstream Islam and Christianity alike=2E This is one of the reasons why they have had problems with both the =20 Church and Islam=2E BUT AGAIN we do not have any right to insult or threaten them because =20 they have the right to follow what the founder of their mission told =20 them=2E Secondly I respect their peaceful means of helping humanity in the=20= =20 medical and educational fields=2E Many of us went to their school and =20 hospitals so please let us be grateful for that=2E TOLERANCE, tolerance =20 ,tolerance peace Habib Ps By the way as Isatou said earlier I avoid religious/sensitive issues =20 so I will not touch on this topic any more -----Original Message----- From: Salifuj@aol=2Ecom Sent: Friday, September 12, 1997 10:30 AM To: gambia-l@u=2Ewashington=2Eedu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest --------------------------------------------------------------------------= =20 -- In a message dated 97-09-12 08:12:45 EDT, you write: << I would like to find out what the Saudi connection to this whole fiasco is=2E=2E=2E=2Ewhen was Yaya's trip to Saudi - The politics of money is at= work here - - the Ahmaddis leave, the Saudi's come in, plain and simple - >> Ya Soffie, I am glad someone can hit the nail on the head=2E All this talk about =20 religion and Islam is smoke in the clouds=2E -Sal ************************************ National U=2ES=2E-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N=2EW=2E Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D=2EC=2E 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************ ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 17:44:59 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New Members Message-ID: <19970912154542.AAA50132@LOCALNAME> Baboucarr Manneh and Lamin Ceesay have been added to the list. We welcome them to Gambia-l and look forward to their contributions. Baboucarr and Lamin, please send a brief introduction of yourselves to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu I would like to remind all new members who have not yet sent their introductions to do so. Regards Momodou Camara ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:00:15 -0300 (ADT) From: "Inqs." <nfaal@is2.dal.ca> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <Pine.A41.3.95.970912125500.119848E-100000@is2.dal.ca> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII > > > Latir, > Someone on the list speculated that the gov't perhaps has a hidden agenda to > take over the Ahmadiyya's businesses etc. Personally, l doubt that very much, > especially since those assets are not really that great as far as l can see. > l think that they left because being foreigners in a foreign land, they > became scared since the criticism was coming from someone close to our head > of state in their view, I think that perhaps to them, it may have been viewed as a veiled threat, reminiscent of the Idi Amin incident in Uganda, only screened in a religious veil, but this does not deter from the gravity of the situation, because regardless of the cause, it may allow others to think that they can use this to get rid of other groups that they are unwilling to accept. Religious tension is the last thing we need at home..... Nkoyo. ------------------------------ Date: 12 Sep 1997 16:48:07 GMT From: momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Disturbing trends in the WTO Message-ID: <967114718.526220730@inform-bbs.dk> /* Written 8:02 PM Sep 10, 1997 by twn@igc.org in twn.features / / ---------- "Disturbing trends in the WTO" ---------- / DISTURBING TRENDS IN THE W.T.O. While the World Trade Organisation has brought no apparent benefits to developing countries, some disturbing trends which are adverse to the South are emerging in the organisation, which merit serious and immediate attention. The writer gives some examples below. By Bhagirath Lal Das Third World Network Features Geneva: The World Trade Organisation (WTO) has been functioning for two years and a half, but the benefits to developing countries, which many optimists projected in the beginning, are not yet visible. On the other hand, some disturbing trends are emerging which merit serious and immediate attention. Some of these trends are enumerated below. Disinvoking Article XVIIIB: Even before the new WTO agreements became operational, there was pressure on developing countries to disinvoke Article XVIIIB of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT); which meant that they should give up their right to take import-control measures for balance of payment (BOP) reasons. It should be recalled that this provision is located in the contractual part of GATT, and not in Part IV which contains best-endeavour provisions for differential and more favourable treatment of developing countries. To pressurise developing countries to give up this contractual right is highly iniquitous. And yet they have been pressurised; and many of them have succumbed to the pressure. One would certainly accept that effective scrutiny of the BOP measures in the appropriate forum in the WTO is very much in order; but it is extremely unfair to ask a developing country to announce that it will not exercise this right. Denial of developing country status: Developing countries wishing to join the WTO have, in several cases, been denied the benefits of developing country status at the time of their acceding to the WTO. For example, Equador was denied this status. By no stretch of imagination can this country be considered as anything but a developing country. And yet at the time of accession, it was pressurised to give up its claim to be treated as a developing country. Later, when Ecuador did not have a proper domestic law on intellectual property rights within one year (which is an obligation on developed countries), it was threatened with trade actions by a major developed country. It has been noticed that several developing countries have been put under such pressures recently during their negotiations for entry into the WTO. Threats of unilateral action: Developing countries had expected that threats of unilateral actions by developed countries would vanish with the new agreements of the WTO in operation. In fact during 1994 when they were seriously examining whether to approve these new agreements, the supporters of the agreements were citing the protection against unilateral actions as an important benefit to the developing countries flowing out of the new agreements. But subsequent events belied these hopes and assurances. Threats of unilateral actions have continued persistently. It has put the credibility of the multilateral umbrella in grave doubt. Shattered hopes of liberalisation in textiles: The manner of implementation by developed countries of their obligations of progressive liberalisation in the textiles sector puts a serious question mark on their intentions in this sector. In fact, several developing countries had considered the provision of progressive liberalisation in this sector to be a major positive factor while formulating their position on the Uruguay Round results in 1994. They are now gravely disappointed. In actual practice, the developed countries did not cover any restricted textile item (except a solitary item by Canada) in the first phase of liberalisation which was to take place on 1 January 1995. They liberalised only such items which had never been under restraint in the Multi-Fibre Arrangement (MFA). Now the same disappointing practice is going to be repeated in the second stage of liberalisation which will take place on 1 January 1998. The developed countries have announced the list of items to be liberalised in this phase, and it appears that for the US, EU and Canada, the liberalisation will respectively account for only 1.30, 3.15 and 0.70% of the volume of the import of restricted items. Persistent failure of the major developed countries to display adequate political will to liberalise their textiles imports gives cause for grave concern as to whether they will really abide by their commitment to restore this sector into the folds of normal GATT rules in the beginning of 2005. Attempts at new restraints in textiles: Immediately after the new agreements came into force, the US imposed a large number of new import-restraint measures against the textiles of some developing countries. The enabling provisions of the transitional safeguards in the agreement on textiles and clothing were enthusiastically applied, totally ignoring the cautionary provision that such steps should be only sparingly taken. Of course, some of these measures have been removed, following the findings of panels that these were not legal; but the developing countries facing the restrictions had to undergo tremendous hardship and uncertainty because of these improper measures of a major developed country. Anti-dumping action in textiles sector: Another major trading partner, the EU, has been liberally resorting to anti-dumping actions against the textile imports from some developing countries. With slight changes in the descriptions, they have sometimes been initiating repeated actions against almost the same products. This results in harassment of the exporters of developing countries. Besides, it generates uncertainty in the minds of the importers and they start switching to different sources of supply. It is clear that the onset of the so-called rule-based system in the WTO has not hindered the major developed countries from using anti-dumping measures as an instrument of protectionism. The aggressive transitional safeguard actions and anti-dumping actions of these major developed countries indicate that these countries have not yet got reconciled to the prospect of the textiles sector finally being covered by the normal GATT disciplines in 2005. Unbalanced priorities in the services sectors: When the results of the Uruguay Round were being finalised in Marrakesh, decisions on pursuing some services sectors were taken by the ministers. Three sectors need particular mention, viz financial services, telecommunications and movement of labour. The first two are of deep interest to the developed countries and the third is of special interest to developing countries. In the process of the follow-up in the WTO, the movement of labour has been handled very superficially and the negotiations have been concluded with insignificant results, whereas a fast-track approach was adopted to get deep commitments on liberalisation in the other two sectors. There are now comprehensive agreements in financial services and telecommunications, whereas the liberalisation of the movement of labour has been left practically unattended. Ignoring research and development subsidy review: Subsidies to firms for research and development have been classified as non-actionable subsidy in the WTO agreement on subsidies. Normally such subsidies are common in developed countries enabling their firms to improve their competitiveness in the international market. The WTO agreement on subsidy required a review of this provision by the end of June 1996. No review was done. It was decided that a review would take place at a future date if members wish to do so. Thus this review will not come up automatically even in future. The reason given for a quiet burial to this review is that there is a lack of experience on this subject and no notification has been submitted. There was actually a need for an in- depth study as to whether such subsidies should continue to be immune from counter-action. After all, the consideration of the subjects of services or intellectual property rights was not given up even though there was practically no prior experience of these subjects in the GATT. Concerted efforts were made to collect information and conduct analytical studies on these subjects. Like the consideration of the movement of labour, this is another subject which would not have been favoured by developed countries for a detailed scrutiny; and it has consequently been put in the cold storage. These are only some examples to illustrate the general direction which the WTO is taking. The developing countries are over-stretched in the WTO with their limited resources. A number of meetings are going on simultaneously. It is difficult for the delegations even to remain present in most of these meetings; effective participation and guiding the course of the meetings is a near impossibility. These countries are further handicapped as they do not have adequate technical resources either in their missions in Geneva or in their capitals. The issues are diverse and extremely complicated. It is difficult for them to be prepared adequately to safeguard their interests and to take initiatives from their side. The major developed countries, on the other hand, have abundant resources at their disposal and their objectives are also very clear. They want to use the framework of the WTO to expand the space for their manufacturers, traders, service providers, investors and high technology monopolies. If the developing countries ignore this oncoming well-organised and massive thrust, they will be exposing themselves to the risk of being total losers in this one-sided game. They should gear themselves up, individually and in groups, and reverse the adverse trends that are being set. - Third World Network Features -ends- About the writer: Bhagirath Lal Das is a former Director of International Trade Programmes in the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD). Earlier he was India's Ambassador and Permanent Representative to GATT. When reproducing this feature, please credit Third World Network Features and (if applicable) the cooperating magazine or agency involved in the article, and give the byline. Please send us cuttings. For more information, please contact: Third World Network 228, Macalister Road, 10400 Penang, Malaysia. Email: twn@igc.apc.org; twnpen@twn.po.my Tel: (+604)2293511,2293612 & 2293713; Fax: (+604)2298106 & 2264505 ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 19:07:56 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New Member Message-ID: <19970912170840.AAA50074@LOCALNAME> Momodou Musa Ceesay has been added to the list. Welcome to Gambia-l Mr. Ceesay we look forward to your contributions. Please send a brief introduction of yourself to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Regards Momodou Camara **************************************************** http://home3.inet.tele.dk/mcamara "Start by doing what's necessary, then what's possible and suddenly you are doing the impossible"* ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 12:09:31 -0500 From: Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <1.5.4.16.19970911094923.14f76c3c@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" At 10:38 AM 9/12/97 -0400, you wrote: >Latir, >Someone on the list speculated that the gov't perhaps has a hidden agenda to >take over the Ahmadiyya's businesses etc. Personally, l doubt that very much, >especially since those assets are not really that great as far as l can see. >l think that they left because being foreigners in a foreign land, they >became scared since the criticism was coming from someone close to our head >of state in their view, although l think that does not mean that the Imam was >sent on any hidden mission by Yaya Jammeh. l think that if the criticism and >even threats came from > >someone else that they viewed as just a man on the street, they probably >would not have left so abruptly. Just my common sense view of the situation. > >Jabou > >Latir wrote: > >I'm curious though, what do you think was the real reason for their >departure? > >On another note, I would also agree with you that we need to do away >with that "beggar mode". In the case of the Ahmadiyya's, I don't think >the whole country should pay complete obedience to them by not >criticising only to keep them around. Hey Guys, I hope this situation is not analogous to the scandal that the Libyan president Muhammah Ghadafi had offered president Jawara a reward if he demolished the Banjul Breweries. Someomnme did mention something about a possible Saudi influence on the incident. Anyway I don't understand what Jabou and Latir mean by "we need to do away with that "beggar mode"." Considering the number of high schools that are run by the Gambia Goveernment, I think we should be very grateful to these missionaries. Correct me if I am wrong, but out of all the high schools that I know, the government use to fund only Gambia High, Armitage, and partially Muslim high scools. The rest which includes The two Saint Augustine's, Saint Joseph's, Nustrat, saint peter's, Nasir (Basse),I belive one in Mansakonko funded by the Ahmadiyya's etc.... Does anyone know what is going to happen to their high schools? If they cease funding, I don't think the government will be able to maintain them. This can cause some chaos in our country. The government has enough trouble in maintaing those high schools moreover adding some more to their budget. Any comments? Numukunda ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:12:12 -0400 (EDT) From: Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> To: "GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970912125448.1823A-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Greetings: What was the reason given for creating a state mosque and state Imam in the first place? Is Gambia being transformed into a theocratic state before our very eyes? Why do we keep saying that religion is a sensitive issue and decline to talk about it? Surely we can have an open and frank discussion on matters pertaining to it and not be huffing mad simply because one has a completely different position to another's. Religious tolerance will not come about if there is no free and open discussion on the subject. Nothing bad will happen if at the end of a lengthy discussion on the subject we still find ourselves on opposite sides of the fence. The good thing about it will be that we would have begun the process of tolerating each other with respect and dignity. It sure beats the sparring matches that sometimes go on between say, a local mosque's loudspeaker and a local church's loudspeaker. Both extorting the people that there way is the better way. The only way! LatJor ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 12:14:40 -0500 From: Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <1.5.4.16.19970911095430.14f77f48@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" At 10:38 AM 9/12/97 -0400, you wrote: >Latir, >Someone on the list speculated that the gov't perhaps has a hidden agenda to >take over the Ahmadiyya's businesses etc. Personally, l doubt that very much, >especially since those assets are not really that great as far as l can see. >l think that they left because being foreigners in a foreign land, they >became scared since the criticism was coming from someone close to our head >of state in their view, although l think that does not mean that the Imam was >sent on any hidden mission by Yaya Jammeh. l think that if the criticism and >even threats came from > >someone else that they viewed as just a man on the street, they probably >would not have left so abruptly. Just my common sense view of the situation. > >Jabou > >Latir wrote: > >I'm curious though, what do you think was the real reason for their >departure? > >On another note, I would also agree with you that we need to do away >with that "beggar mode". In the case of the Ahmadiyya's, I don't think >the whole country should pay complete obedience to them by not >criticising only to keep them around. Sorry first one was incomplete Hey Guys, I hope this situation is not analogous to the scandal that the Libyan president Muhammah Ghadafi had offered president Jawara a reward if he demolished the Banjul Breweries. Someomnme did mention something about a possible Saudi influence on the incident. Anyway I don't understand what Jabou and Latir mean by "we need to do away with that "beggar mode"." Considering the number of high schools that are run by the Gambia Goveernment, I think we should be very grateful to these missionaries. Correct me if I am wrong, but out of all the high schools that I know, the government use to fund only Gambia High, Armitage, and partially Muslim high scools. The rest which includes The two Saint Augustine's, Saint Joseph's, Nustrat, saint peter's, Nasir (Basse),I belive one in Mansakonko funded by the Ahmadiyya's etc....are funded privately. Does anyone know what is going to happen to their high schools? If they cease funding, I don't think the government will be able to maintain them. This can cause some chaos in our country. The government has enough trouble in maintaing those high schools moreover adding some more to their budget. Any comments? Numukunda ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 15:11:35 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) Message-ID: <341993E7.3D8BA441@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Summit opens in Banjul ****************** Reuters reported that a two-day summit of the Permanent Inter-state Committee for Drought Control in the Sahel opened in Banjul yesterday. A summary of the preparatory meetings, that included the region's external donors, concluded that "They are convinced that little by little, the bulk of financial support for Sahelian development will be provided by local savings, increased export earnings and regional/international private investment". The summary also stated that there was a realisation that the level of local savings in the Member states of the Drought Control group, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, Chad, Gambia, Guinea Bissau, Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Senegal, are too low to "to finance investments needed for development", according to Reuters. FAO indicates improved conditions in the western part of the Sahel ************************************************************** The Food and Agriculture Organisation's (FAO) "Sahel Weather And Crop Situation Report No 4", dated September 11, indicates that while "rains decreased to well below normal over most parts of Senegal, The Gambia and Mauritania from the second decade of July up to mid-August, severely affecting early planted crops...Precipitation resumed in late August/early September with abundant and widespread rains over the entire region." The report goes on to say that the FAO fielded assessment mission to the drought affected areas of Senegal, The Gambia and Mauritania where "Reduced rains in July in the west of the Sahel have severely affected crop development and will diminish yield potential." According to the report, due the the abundant rains that followed in late August and early September, there was a "replenishment of soil moisture reserves, regeneration of pastures and filling of water reservoirs, thus improving prospects for crops that had not failed." (Source: FAO Report Distributed via Africa News Online) "Clinton Accepts Credentials Of New Gambian Envoy" ********************************************** Here are the texts of the remarks on the occasion of the presentation of letters of credence from the Gambian Ambassador to the United States, Crispin Grey-Johnson, to President Clinton "as prepared for delivery, in the Oval Office on September 8." GREY-JOHNSON TEXT: It is a great honor for me to present to you today, the letters of credence accrediting me as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of The Gambia to the United States of America. I seize also this opportunity to transmit to you the letters of recall of my predecessor. Mr. President, On this special occasion, I bring you fraternal greetings and best wishes from His Excellency Col. (Rtd.) Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh, president of the Republic of The Gambia. The great American traditions of freedom and justice which have formed the pillars of democracy in the United States of America and the bedrock of your prosperity, have, over the decades, inspired nations both great and small, and have now unfolded, universally, as the sine qua non of political stability and social and economic development. The Gambian people, who are no less inspired by these your traditions, have just ushered in a Second Republic whose guiding principles are the same ideals of freedom, justice and democracy. Under the leadership of His Excellency President Yahya A.J.J. Jammeh, Gambians are determined to create all the necessary conditions for rapid and steady progress towards their political, social and economic development -- conditions that were deprived them during centuries of colonial bondage, and the ensuing decades of benign, post-independence neglect. It is certain that the cordial relations that exist between our two countries will stand us, Gambians, in good stead so that we may benefit from America's support and encouragement in our efforts towards progress and prosperity in an atmosphere of continued peace. Mr. President, Although it is not so apparent, a bridge does exist between The Gambia and the United States of America. It was built a long time ago when millions of Africans were shipped across the Atlantic from the shores of The Gambia. Alex Haley's "ROOTS" reminded the whole world of The Gambia's role as an exit point for many of those who were to become the ancestors of today's African-Americans. It is our fervent hope that the principles of democracy, brotherliness and mutual respect which govern relations between The Gambia and the United States of America, will define the uses to which that old, old bridge will now be put. In my capacity as ambassador, I shall endeavor to ensure that Americans and Gambians use that bridge to build up each other, politically, socially, economically and culturally. I am confident that I can count, sir, on your personal support and that of your entire administration in the pursuit of this objective. I thank you. CLINTON TEXT: Mr. Ambassador: I accept with pleasure the Letter of Credence accrediting you as Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of the Republic of The Gambia to the United States and acknowledge the Letter of Recall of your predecessor. I hope that your arrival will mark the further strengthening of the ties which exist between our two countries. The United States applauds The Gambia's transition to an elected civilian government. We support the continuing progress in the development of your democratic institutions and your growing commitment to the protection of human rights of all Gambians. Both areas are the pillars of our friendship and cooperation. We look forward to the day when all individuals and political parties participate freely in the political processes of The Gambia. I hope that all participants in the democratic process will have equal access to the media. I encourage your government to invite interested human rights groups to visit your country to ensure that the civil rights of all persons, even those accused or convicted of crimes, are protected according to the rule of law. We trust that your government will continue to meet, positively and swiftly, its peoples' democratic aspirations so that attention may be devoted to The Gambia's economic development. As you begin your mission here, I wish you every success. I look forward to working with you and your government on matters of mutual interest and concern. (Source: Release Distributed via Africa News Online) Resumption of commercial transport through Senegambian border In a Reuters new piece titled "Gambia, Senegal end road transport wrangle" and dated 12 September, 1997, it is reported that on Monday September 12, 1997 an accord signed between Senagal and The Gambia will allow for commercial transport between the two countries after being suspended following the break-up of the Senegambian Confederation in 1989. According to Reuters, "The director of planning at the Gambian communications ministry, Adama Deen, told reporters the two countries had agreed quotas of Inter-State Transport Permits between them." Accord allows for Senegal and Gambia to be issued permits for 150 and 100 vehicles respectively with concessions for these numbers to be increased later. The Reuters report also states that Alieu Gai, representing the Gambia Public Transport Corporation (GPTC), has said GPTC will resume bus service to Dakar shortly after the accord comes in force on Monday. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 15:37:03 -0400 (EDT) From: Gabriel Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> To: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> Cc: "GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970912153108.3137B-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII Judging from President Clinton's response to our Ambassador's presentation of his letters of credence, the strengthening of democdractic institutions and human rights are the two conditions the Gambian govt will have to satisfy for President Jammeh to be invited for dinner at the White House. LatJor ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:07:18 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <3419A0F6.90AB9BF1@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Numukunda Darboe wrote: > Anyway I don't understand what Jabou and Latir mean by "we need to do > away with that "beggar mode"." Considering the number of high schools > that are run by the Gambia Goveernment, I think we should be very > grateful to these missionaries. Correct me if I am wrong, but out of > all the high schools that I know, the government use to fund only > Gambia High, Armitage, and partially Muslim high scools. The rest > which includes The two Saint Augustine's, Saint Joseph's, Nustrat, > saint peter's, Nasir (Basse),I belive one in Mansakonko funded by the > Ahmadiyya's etc....are funded privately. By "beggar mode" I, and I believe Jabou, was referring to the policy of constantly looking for help instead of trying to do what we can on our own. In the case of Ahmadiyyas, this would mean not going out of our way to appease them just so that they can continue their programmes. Of course I agree that any assistance offered to us as Gambians should be well appreciated and this is why, based on the information we have obtained thus far, I am somewhat opposed to the manner with which the Ahmadiyya's were treated as of late by both the government and those in our county who opposed them. > Does anyone know what is going to happen to their high schools? If > they cease funding, I don't think the government will be able to > maintain them. > This can cause some chaos in our country. The government has enough > trouble in maintaing those high schools moreover adding some more to > their budget. Reuters reported that only the hospitals closed after the departure of members of the sect. Hopefully the schools will remain open. I also doubt the government has the capacity to run the schools given our present economic situation. Perhaps the country would be best served by the government, not the Imams or Islamic organisations, making genuine diplomatic gestures to the members of the sect to return with some sort of guarantee or assurance that their religious freedom and security will protected to the fullest extent of the laws of our land. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:21:35 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <3419A44F.1C44C08D@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Latjor Ndow wrote: > Why do we keep saying that religion is a sensitive issue and > decline to talk about it? Surely we can have an open and frank > discussion on matters pertaining to it and not > be huffing mad simply because one has a completely different position > to another's. > Religious tolerance will not come about if there is no free and > open discussion on the subject. Nothing bad will happen if at > the end of a lengthy discussion on the subject we still find > ourselves on opposite sides of the fence. The good thing about > it will be that we would have begun the process of tolerating > each other with respect and dignity. It sure beats the sparring > matches that sometimes go on between say, a local mosque's > loudspeaker and a local church's loudspeaker. Both extorting > the people that there way is the better way. The only way! I agree completely with what Latjor is saying here. Honest and frank discussion on religious matters should be encouraged for the purpose that is gained by discussions of any type. As long as there is some respect for those involved, that is discussion on a mature level, I am sure we would all appreciate the views and insight that can be offered. Thus, we should be able to this without fear of offence, regardless of the sensitivity of the issue. This should also be the case on matters related to politics, culture (ethnic or tribal), society and others. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:36:19 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <3419A7C3.2323ED01@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Latjor Ndow wrote: > What was the reason given for creating a state mosque and state > Imam in the first place? > Is Gambia being transformed into a theocratic state before our > very eyes? This is a very important question although I do not believe that what exists is officially "a state mosque and state Imam". A mosque was built on the grounds of State House in Banjul and as with most mosques, there is an Imam. With what funds and why the mosque was built is, again, an important question that deserves an answer. Rumour has it that the mosque was built to give the soldiers and others working in State House a decent place to pray as opposed to the smaller structure that existed during Jawara's tenure. While I was in Banjul last year, I did notice that activities at the mosque did have wide exposure on the Gambia TV, most likely due to the fact that it is located on State House grounds and that the Head of State is usually in attendance. This is what gives it the image of being state; that is a state mosque with a state Imam. Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 17:02:07 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) Message-ID: <3419ADCF.1B8F9CA@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Latjor Ndow wrote: > Judging from President Clinton's response to our Ambassador's > presentation of his letters of credence, the strengthening of > democdractic institutions and human rights are the two conditions > the Gambian govt will have to satisfy for President Jammeh to > be invited for dinner at the White House. I agree! It seems as though the following line alone says it all: "We trust that your government will continue to meet, positively and swiftly, its peoples' democratic aspirations so that attention may be devoted to The Gambia's economic development." strengthening of democratic institutions + human rights = aid Is this fair? What do you think? Peace. Latir Gheran ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 17:49:08 -0400 (EDT) From: Salifuj@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 12 digest) Message-ID: <970912174543_841999322@emout13.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 97-09-12 17:01:55 EDT, you write: << Latjor Ndow wrote: > Judging from President Clinton's response to our Ambassador's > presentation of his letters of credence, the strengthening of > democdractic institutions and human rights are the two conditions > the Gambian govt will have to satisfy for President Jammeh to > be invited for dinner at the White House. I agree! It seems as though the following line alone says it all: "We trust that your government will continue to meet, positively and swiftly, its peoples' democratic aspirations so that attention may be devoted to The Gambia's economic development." strengthening of democratic institutions + human rights = aid Is this fair? What do you think? >> Whether this is fair or not, I do not think there is much choice here. The message is very much American and as loud and clear as it could: UNCONDITIONAL SURRENDER to our terms is the only way to be friends. They did it to Japan. What do they care about a tiny African country like the Gambia? -Sal ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 19:30:04 -0400 (EDT) From: SANG1220@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: SANG1220@aol.com Subject: Secretary of state for Religious Affairs Message-ID: <970912192637_-1600005206@emout08.mail.aol.com> I was not aware that Gambia had such a department. Religion should not be legislated rather it should be left to individuals to choose what religion to follow. When I was growing up in Banjul, we did not have a department for religious affairs but people worshipped without treats from anybody. No one group of people leaves abruptly like that without reason. If it turns out that Mr Bojang did made treats to the "ahmadyyas" I believe+think a condemnation is in order. Thanks Daddy Sang ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 21:58:17 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970912215353_-2069570075@emout04.mail.aol.com> Numukunda, That is precisely the point. When are we going to take responsibilty instead of just throwing our hands up in the air and lamenting about "the missionaries leaving" Now that the Ahmadiyyas are gone, perhaps we will pull our selves up by our boot straps and do something for a change. Jabou > >Latir wrote: > >I'm curious though, what do you think was the real reason for their >departure? > >On another note, I would also agree with you that we need to do away >with that "beggar mode". In the case of the Ahmadiyya's, I don't think >the whole country should pay complete obedience to them by not >criticising only to keep them around. Hey Guys, I hope this situation is not analogous to the scandal that the Libyan president Muhammah Ghadafi had offered president Jawara a reward if he demolished the Banjul Breweries. Someomnme did mention something about a possible Saudi influence on the incident. Anyway I don't understand what Jabou and Latir mean by "we need to do away with that "beggar mode"." Considering the number of high schools that are run by the Gambia Goveernment, I think we should be very grateful to these missionaries. Correct me if I am wrong, but out of all the high schools that I know, the government use to fund only Gambia High, Armitage, and partially Muslim high scools. The rest which includes The two Saint Augustine's, Saint Joseph's, Nustrat, saint peter's, Nasir (Basse),I belive one in Mansakonko funded by the Ahmadiyya's etc.... Does anyone know what is going to happen to their high schools? If they cease funding, I don't think the government will be able to maintain them. This can cause some chaos in our country. The government has enough trouble in maintaing those high schools moreover adding some more to their budget. Any comments? Numukunda ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- Received: from mrin79.mail.aol.com (mrin79.mail.aol.com [152.163.116.117]) by air16.mail.aol.com (V32) with SMTP; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:55:29 -0400 Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by mrin79.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) with ESMTP id NAA11872; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:54:59 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id KAA02712; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 10:09:55 -0700 Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id KAB40732 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 10:09:35 -0700 Received: from sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu (sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu [130.74.1.71]) by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id KAA02409 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 10:09:31 -0700 Received: from @sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu by sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/951211.SGI) for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> id MAA22024; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 12:09:31 -0500 Message-Id: <1.5.4.16.19970911094923.14f76c3c@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 12:09:31 -0500 Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Numukunda Darboe <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" X-Sender: ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >> ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 22:27:17 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <970912222550_-901933711@emout19.mail.aol.com> While l was in Gambia this summer, l heard discussions to the effect that Yaya Jammeh was encouraging muslims to build mosques at or close to their work places so that they can pray the five daily prayers. E.g, one of the faculty members at GTTI, who is a long time friend, told me that they now had a very nice mosque on the grounds. Some of the students had prepared a rather modest place to pray in and eventually got funding to build the present one.l forget where she said the money came from. l don't see anything wrong with this encouragement. It certainly does not diminish from any other sect's religious freedom. Yaya being a muslim, has the right to build a mosque close to his residence to pray in. He is certainly not the only muslim at the State House, and others on site can and do join him to pray in congregation as our religion dictates. Any other leader that comes along will most definitely have muslims around him or her at the State House who can continue to use the mosque. Let us not, in our zealouness to defend religious tolerance, forget that we as muslims are supposed to stop whatever we are doing and pray at the prescribed times and there are many muslims at the State House. The Christians only go to church on Sundays, but l'm sure if any future president who happens to be a Christian built a chapel on the grounds, it would not be the end of the World.They can merely go to the chapel and the muslims can use the mosque to fulfill their daily prayer obligations. This l think, will truely demonstrate religious tolerance. Jabou. Jabou. In a message dated 9/12/97 3:36:08 PM, you wrote: <<Latjor Ndow wrote: > What was the reason given for creating a state mosque and state > Imam in the first place? > Is Gambia being transformed into a theocratic state before our > very eyes? This is a very important question although I do not believe that what exists is officially "a state mosque and state Imam". A mosque was built on the grounds of State House in Banjul and as with most mosques, there is an Imam. With what funds and why the mosque was built is, again, an important question that deserves an answer. Rumour has it that the mosque was built to give the soldiers and others working in State House a decent place to pray as opposed to the smaller structure that existed during Jawara's tenure. While I was in Banjul last year, I did notice that activities at the mosque did have wide exposure on the Gambia TV, most likely due to the fact that it is located on State House grounds and that the Head of State is usually in attendance. This is what gives it the image of being state; that is a state mosque with a state Imam. Peace. Latir Gheran ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- Received: from mrin69.mail.aol.com (mrin69.mail.aol.com [152.163.116.107]) by air13.mx.aol.com (V32) with SMTP; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:36:08 -0400 Received: from lists.u.washington.edu (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by mrin69.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) with ESMTP id QAA24575; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:35:40 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (server@lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id NAA12442; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:28 -0700 Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id NAA15466 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:18 -0700 Received: from denmark.it.earthlink.net (denmark-c.it.earthlink.net [204.119.177.22]) by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id NAA22547 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:09 -0700 Received: from earthlink.net (ip226.an1-new-york4.ny.pub-ip.psi.net [38.26.12.226]) by denmark.it.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id NAA21057 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:06 -0700 (PDT) Message-Id: <3419A7C3.2323ED01@earthlink.net> Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:36:19 -0400 Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) References: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970912125448.1823A-100000@acc5> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >> ------------------------------ Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 21:44:40 -0500 (EST) From: Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <AC049B23A4@scholar.wabash.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT I find something wrong with this. Since The Gambia is not an Islamic state but a secular one, the government should not be directly involved in one sided religious matters. Why not build churches from government budget? Don't tell me it's because we have enough churches and not enough mosques. The point is, it is not the role of the government to be involved in such religious affairs because not 100% of the country is muslim. Let's put rhetorics aside and think about this rationally. This is unfair to all non-muslims Gambia. Personally, I think the building of all these mosques is politics and nothing else. Ousman ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 13 Sep 97 00:27:21 PDT From: TRODDING THRU CREATION INNA IRIE MEDITATION <ABARROW@rr5.rr.intel.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest Message-ID: <9709130727.utk7586@RR5.intel.com> <<<< Yaya being a muslim, has the right to build a mosque close to his residence to pray in.>>>> Jabou, the point here is that this is a State House and for that matter a temporary residence of any individual who might be at the helm of our country, including Jammeh at certain point in time. With all due respect to Islam as my primary believe, I do think it is indeed wrong for Jammeh to build a mosque in the premises of the State House. << He is certainly not the only muslim at the State House, and others on site can and do join him to pray in congregation as our religion dictates. Any other leader that comes along will most definitely have muslims around him or her at the State House who can continue to use the mosque.>> Now how many different religious house are we going to end up with in the State House premises considering the religious composition of our country provided every head of state that may come in due course decide to denote his religious believes by building a worshipping place at the state house???? <<<<Let us not, in our zealouness to defend religious tolerance, forget that we as muslims are supposed to stop whatever we are doing and pray at the prescribed times and there are many muslims at the State House. <<The Christians only go to church on Sundays, but l'm sure if any future president who happens to be a Christian built a chapel on the grounds, it would not be the end of the World.>> Does that mean they only pray once a week?????? <<They can merely go to the chapel and the muslims can use the mosque to fulfill their daily prayer obligations. This l think, will truly demonstrate religious tolerance.>> I truly believed that this kind of religious tolerance is going to make our state house a religious war zone in form of different sects building their own worshipping house. If it really means that much for the occupants of the State House to observe their duty to Allah....they can always take a break from work during this times and pay what is expected of them at the Banjul Mosque. They have all the means of going to Banjul mosque if they choose to. Personally, I see building a mosque in the State House as a propaganda in order for the current regime to win public support in a country where political affiliation are rooted in ones religion and ethnic backgrounds....and Jammeh needs to understand that his job as a president comes first to our nation and we careless of his religious believes and the rest of his administration for that matter. Let's stop fundamentalism and fanaticism of religion.....!!! Peace, Pa-Abdou ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 13 Sep 1997 11:55:40 -0400 (EDT) From: SANG1220@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: SANG1220@aol.com Subject: Religion Message-ID: <970913115533_-298411875@emout12.mail.aol.com> Pa Abdou, my point exactly all this is doing is promote secterian strife and gambia cannot afford such a commotion. Thanks Daddy Sang ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 13 Sep 1997 18:48:32 -0700 From: MOMODOU BUHARRY GASSAMA <m.gassama@swipnet.se> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <341B4270.5783@swipnet.se> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Hi Jabou! I have been really struggling to stay out of this interesting discussion. However, I can=B4t help commenting on your latest post. You wrote: > l heard discussions to the effect that > Yaya Jammeh was encouraging muslims to build mosques at or close to the= ir work places so that they can pray the five daily prayers.... > l don't see anything wrong with this encouragement. = Should workers be encouraged to build mosques at their places of work? With whose money? On whose land? Let us remember that the places of work are usually limited in size. What if Christians want to build a church at the same work place? What if "Jalang" worshippers want to build a "Jalang" on the same grounds? Do you think that the "tolerant" Muslims would remain tolerant if other houses of worship are built next to thier mosques? Encouraging religious objects and houses at places of work can in my opinion be a recipe for disaster. You also wrote: > Yaya being a muslim, has the right to build a > mosque close to his residence to pray in. He is certainly not the only = muslim > at the State House, and others on site can and do join him to pray in > congregation as our religion dictates. Any other leader that comes alon= g will most definitely have muslims around him or her at the State House = who can continue to use the mosque. I completely agree with you that Yaya has a right to build a place of worship close to HIS residence - a residence that he owns. State House is however owned by all Gambians and should be a symbol representative of all Gambians. It should be a religiously, tribally etc. neutral ground to avoid sending the wrong signals. = If the next president is a Christian and plans to build a church at State House, do you think Muslims would silently accept it as they have accepted the mosque? If the next president is a "Jalang" worshipper and plans to build one, would the Muslims accept it? I don=B4t think so. = Sticking to the issue of Muslims, I believe the Ahmaddiyas cannot be led in prayer by other Muslims (correct me if I am wrong). What if there are Gambian Ahmaddiyas at State House who want their own mosque so that they would not miss prayer times? Another issue that comes to mind with the mosque at State House is the potential for competition between it and the Banjul Central Mosque. Would this be healthy for the Muslim community? You also wrote: > The Christians only go to church on Sundays,... The Christians go to church on Sundays for mass but that doesn=B4t mean that they pray only once a week. They can pray in a church, chapel etc. any day of the week. To conclude, I believe that building the mosque at State House was a mistake. It has however been done. One of the issues that should be addressed now is how it can be kept from serving as a state mosque and thus representative of government policy. This should be done to avoid repeating the first repercussion of the mistake of building the mosque- the Ahmaddiya problem. = Buharry. P.S. Religious tolerance would have been demonstrated in my opinion if State House had remained a religiously neutral piece of land. If the mosque HAD to be built, then other places of worship representative of the general Gambian population should have been built because Gambians of other religious beliefs work and sleep at State House. Only then would religious tolerance have been demonstrated in my opinion. D.S. -------------------------------------------------------------------------= Gunjur@aol.com wrote: > = > While l was in Gambia this summer, l heard discussions to the effect th= at > Yaya Jammeh was encouraging muslims to build mosques at or close to the= ir > work places so that they can pray the five daily prayers. E.g, one of t= he > faculty members at GTTI, who is a long time friend, told me that they = now > had a very nice mosque on the grounds. Some of the students had prepare= d a > rather modest place to pray in and eventually got funding to build the > present one.l forget where she said the money came from. l don't see an= ything > wrong with this encouragement. It certainly does not diminish from any = other > sect's religious freedom. Yaya being a muslim, has the right to build a= > mosque close to his residence to pray in. He is certainly not the only = muslim > at the State House, and others on site can and do join him to pray in > congregation as our religion dictates. Any other leader that comes alon= g will > most definitely have muslims around him or her at the State House who c= an > continue to use the mosque. Let us not, in our zealouness to defend rel= igious > tolerance, forget that we as muslims are supposed to stop whatever we a= re > doing and pray at the prescribed times and there are many muslims at t= he > State House. The Christians only go to church on Sundays, but l'm sure = if any > future president who happens to be a Christian built a chapel on the gr= ounds, > it would not be the end of the World.They can merely go to the chapel a= nd the > muslims can use the mosque to fulfill their daily prayer obligations. T= his l > think, will truely demonstrate religious tolerance. > = > Jabou. > = > Jabou. > = > In a message dated 9/12/97 3:36:08 PM, you wrote: > = > <<Latjor Ndow wrote: > = > = > > What was the reason given for creating a state mosque and state > > Imam in the first place? > > Is Gambia being transformed into a theocratic state before our > > very eyes? > = > This is a very important question although I do not believe that what > exists is officially "a state mosque and state Imam". > = > A mosque was built on the grounds of State House in Banjul and as with > most mosques, there is an Imam. With what funds and why the mosque was= > built is, again, an important question that deserves an answer. > = > Rumour has it that the mosque was built to give the soldiers and others= > working in State House a decent place to pray as opposed to the smaller= > structure that existed during Jawara's tenure. While I was in Banjul > last year, I did notice that activities at the mosque did have wide > exposure on the Gambia TV, most likely due to the fact that it is > located on State House grounds and that the Head of State is usually in= > attendance. This is what gives it the image of being state; that is a > state mosque with a state Imam. > = > Peace. > = > Latir Gheran > = > ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- > Received: from mrin69.mail.aol.com (mrin69.mail.aol.com [152.163.116.1= 07]) > by air13.mx.aol.com (V32) with SMTP; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:36:08 -0400 > Received: from lists.u.washington.edu (lists.u.washington.edu > [140.142.56.13]) > by mrin69.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-4.0.0) > with ESMTP id QAA24575; > Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:35:40 -0400 (EDT) > Received: from host (server@lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) > by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with = SMTP > id NAA12442; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:28 -0700 > Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.2= 30]) > by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.05) with = ESMTP > id NAA15466 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Se= p 1997 > 13:35:18 -0700 > Received: from denmark.it.earthlink.net (denmark-c.it.earthlink.net > [204.119.177.22]) > by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.07/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ES= MTP > id NAA22547 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997= 13:35:09 > -0700 > Received: from earthlink.net (ip226.an1-new-york4.ny.pub-ip.psi.net > [38.26.12.226]) > by denmark.it.earthlink.net (8.8.7/8.8.5) with ESMTP id NAA2105= 7 > for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 12 Sep 1997 13:35:06 -070= 0 (PDT) > Message-Id: <3419A7C3.2323ED01@earthlink.net> > Date: Fri, 12 Sep 1997 16:36:19 -0400 > Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu > Precedence: bulk > From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List > <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) > References: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970912125448.1823A-100000@acc5> > MIME-Version: 1.0 > Content-Type: text/plain; charset=3Dus-ascii > Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > = > >> ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 13 Sep 1997 13:13:13 -0400 (EDT) From: KTouray@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Improper Gov't meddling Message-ID: <970913131150_87540706@emout16.mail.aol.com> I join the chorus of list members who blame squarely the gov't for the fleeing of the Ahmediyya. The circumstances of their departure no matter how trivial it may seem to some is a stern reminder to all of us that an intrusive and overreaching gov't would sooner or later carve for itself responsibilities that would supposedly be in the common interest but infact are designed to further specific agendas. Why in Gods name would we have Religious Affairs as an added cabinet portfolio? Do we seriously want the gov't to be promoting, regulating and otherwise overseeing religion? These are functions we have traditionally left under the purvue of neighborhood clerics who have done a fine job over the years. Unless we revert to a theocray gov't must not provide a pulpit for any single agency or Imam to proselthise. The president is entitled to hear his Imam's sermons but the nation must not be fed the same sermons through gov't sponsorship. It is both undemocratic and defeats the very notion of a sermon which is usually tailored to reflect what people encounter in their daily lives. With an aneamic economy and a population faced with excruciating poverty the President and his team would be well advised to shed one of many responsibilties for which govts are utterly incompetent to fulfill and focus instead on how todo two things relevant to the future of the nation lies-education and healthcare. Religion is the ultimate domain of the individual. ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 14 Sep 1997 00:03:05 +0200 From: chakys@image.dk To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: new member Message-ID: <199709132159.XAA18352@mail.image.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT Hello to all the members, I am actually very happy to be a member of the gambian-l .my name is chakys, living in Denmark and i'm from the ivory coast.Some will naturally think about the purpose of being a member of the gambia-l. I would gladly answer that i admitted the principle to share with others all the gambians concerns. I do hope that i will be a potential active member and bring my full contribution to all the debates about politics in Gambia. Kind regards to all the list members. Chakys. ------------------------------ Date: Sat, 13 Sep 1997 22:26:41 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Gambia in the News (a Sept 11 digest) Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.96.970913212150.1030A-100000@saul7.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII " I think we should be very grateful to these missionaries. Correct me if I am wrong, but out of all the high schools that I know, the government use to fund only Gambia High, Armitage, and partially Muslim high scools. The rest which includes The two Saint Augustine's, Saint Joseph's, Nustrat, saint peter's, Nasir (Basse),I belive one in Mansakonko funded by the Ahmadiyya's etc. " Gambia-l, being a christian ( catholic ), I feel somewhat uncomfortable and reluctant to be involved in the current and hottest topic in the list namely the establishment of a mosque and Imam at State House. Nonetheless, I tipped my hat to Numukunda, Habib, Ousman, Pa Abdou, Buhary, KTouray and others who saw the need for a separation of Church/Mosque and State. What impressed me most with the above named individuals, is that they have not been blinded and biased by their religious convictions and affliations, thus being able to offer rational and objective reasoning to their arguements. I therefore add my voice in the denunciation of any form of religion ( be it christianity, Islam or whatever else ) being mixed with government as we do want our nation to be either a fundamentalist Islamic or christian State. I agree with Numukunda that we should be grateful to the missionaries, especially given the fact that our government has historically been way behind the missionaries in establishing high schools over the years. I do not know the current situation as to the number of high schools currently owned and funded by the government. Let us take a brief history of The first High Schools in The Gambia. Both St Augustine's and St Joseph's were founded and run by catholic missionaries from Ireland. The current Gambia High School was founded by Methodist missionaries. It intially started and was called Boys High School ( BHS ) and Girls High School ( GHS ) and used to be located at Dobson Street. I am not sure of the exact time but maybe around the late 50's or early 60's was the time that the government took them over, integrated, renamed them Gambia High School and finally moved them to its current location. Prior to that the government did not have any High School of its own. Armitage School used to be what was then called a MODERN SECONDARY SCHOOL meaning that it did not lead to the GCE O levels track. At the end of Standard eight in Modern Secondary, students were given the oportunity to take the then secondary four exams. Passing students were eligible to continue their education at the real high schools in the third or fourth form. Armitage School had that status until around ( I believe around the mid 60's when its curricullum was upgraded thus leading to the GCE O levels, attaining similar status to St Augustine's, St Joseph's and Gambia High School. To my memory, The Ahamadyaas were the first moslem missionaries to establish a High School in The Gambia which was Nusrat and that started by early seventies or maybe late 60's ( if I am correct - does anybody know the exact year - Nusrat alumni ! ) Moslem High School was established after my time when I had already left the country. So, probably someone can educate me as to whether Moslem High School was Government founded and funded or was it by The Gambia Moslem Association ? I do not the historical facts of that high school and will appreciate finding out the answers. I forgot to mention that those students who were in modern secondary schools and for that matter any other qualified students were eligible to take the Yundum College entrance examination for the three year course that led to the qualification of a " QUALIFIED TEACHER ". I am sure that relatively older list members like Dr Nyang, Daddy Sang, Jabou and Habib will substantiate my historical facts documented here. My reason for going through this brief history of High Schools is to demonstrate that our government had done relatively very little in that field compared to the missionaries who had been the pioneers and contributed to our social development. That is why I believe that The Ahmadyaas should have been treated with more respect, dignity and gratitude for their contributions in our country rather than threats of persecution. ( Just an opinion, please feel free to disagree with my views if you choose to :)- ) Thanks Tony Loum *************************************************************************** *************************************************************************** Anthony W Loum 206-543-4360 Voice Supervisor, Foster Business Libary 206-616-6430 Fax University of Washington tloum@u.washington.edu Box 353224 Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 *************************************************************************** *************************************************************************** ------------------------------ End of GAMBIA-L Digest 85 ***********************

Bantaba in Cyberspace

© 2005-2024 Nijii

This page was generated in 2.1 seconds.

User Policy, Privacy & Disclaimer |

Powered By: Snitz Forums 2000 Version 3.4.06