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Screensize: 640 x 480 800 x 600 1024 x 768 1280 x 1024 UserName: Password: Format Mode: Basic  Help  Prompt  Format: Videos: Font Andale Mono Arial Arial Black Book Antiqua Century Gothic Comic Sans MS Courier New Georgia Impact Lucida Console Script MT Bold Stencil Tahoma Times New Roman Trebuchet MS Verdana   Size 1 2 3 4 5 6   Color Black Red Yellow Pink Green Orange Purple Blue Beige Brown Teal Navy Maroon LimeGreen Message: * HTML is OFF * Forum Code is ON Smilies [quote][i]Originally posted by Momodou[/i] [br]GAMBIA-L Digest 80 Topics covered in this issue include: 1) Fwd: Return of Qualified African Nationals by TSaidy1050@aol.com 2) RE: Return of Qualified African Nationals by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 3) RE: Development of subsaharan Africa by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 4) FWD:Taylor Pledges Reconciliation As His Priority by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 5) FWD:Restoration Of Peace In Liberia An African Success by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 6) LALA??? by EStew68064@aol.com 7) SV: A Gambian National Language by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 8) RE: Test: don't look! by "A.Dibba" <adibba@online.no> 9) Internet awareness seminar by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 10) Re: Development of subsaharan Africa (3) by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 11) Re: Development of subsaharan Africa by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 12) RE: LALA??? by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 13) Re: Development of subsaharan Africa by binta@iuj.ac.jp 14) RE: Internet awareness seminar by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 15) Re: GambiaNet Advisory Board by "N.JARJU" <CD6C6JNJ@swansea.ac.uk> 16) Our man in Ministry of education. by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 17) Re: GambiaNet Advisory Board by Andrea Klumpp <klumpp@kar.dec.com> 18) RE: Summer Jam by hghanim@nusacc.org 19) Fwd: Nigerian Music Superstar Dies at 58 (fwd) by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 20) GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 21) [Fwd: GambiaNet Progress Report- 26/6/97] by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 22) GambiaNet Bylaws by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 23) New members by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 24) For PAMAMBOUNA BOJANG by Momodou Musa Janneh <mmjanneh@utkux.utcc.utk.edu> 25) RE: LALA??? by EStew68064@aol.com 26) Re: Development of SubSaharan Africa 4 by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 27) Re: Develop. of subsaharan Africa :rejoinders by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 28) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 29) Re: LALA??? by "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> 30) Re: LALA??? by "Omar Gassama" <kassama@hotmail.com> 31) ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 32) Re: developm. of subsaharan africa by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 33) RE: ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 34) Language, culture, nation-building etc-a reminder by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 35) RE: LALA??? by hghanim@nusacc.org 36) SV: Development of subsaharan Africa by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 37) RE: LALA??? by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 38) RE: LALA??? by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 39) RE: LALA??? by hghanim@nusacc.org 40) Re: developm. of subsaharan africa:rejoinder2 by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 41) RE: LALA??? by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 42) RE: LALA??? by hghanim@nusacc.org 43) RE: developm. of subsaharan africa:rejoinder2 by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 44) RE: LALA??? by gndow@spelman.edu (Gabriel Ndow) 45) RE: LALA??? by gndow@spelman.edu (Gabriel Ndow) 46) RE: LALA??? by gndow@spelman.edu (Gabriel Ndow) 47) LA-LA-LA by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 48) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 49) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 50) Belated Introduction....... by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 51) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 52) Fwd: FOOD-FINANCE: New Investments Needed to Fight 'Hidden Hunger' by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 53) Fwd: U.S.-AFRICA: Getting Democracy Wron by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 54) RE: ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 55) Re: LA-LA-LA by Abdourahman Touray <abdou@cs.columbia.edu> 56) Re: LA-LA-LA by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 57) Re: Development of SubSaharan Africa 4 by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 58) Re: Summer Jam by MJawara@aol.com 59) Re: LA-LA-LA by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 60) (Fwd): UNITED NATIONS: UNDP Calls for Penalties Against Co by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 61) RE: Belated Introduction....... by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 62) RE: LA-LA-LA by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 63) RE: LA-LA-LA by Badara Joof <Joof@winhlp.no> 64) RE: LALA??? by hghanim@nusacc.org 65) RE: LALA??? by hghanim@nusacc.org 66) by abdoub@math.uio.no 67) Re: No Subject by Salifuj@aol.com 68) Re: LA-LA-LA by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 69) Re: No Subject by binta@iuj.ac.jp 70) RE: developm. of subsaharan africa:rejoinder2 by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 71) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 72) Re: No Subject by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 73) Fwd: AFRICA: Ruling Party/Opposition Gap Devides Women Too by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 74) Re: LA-LA-LA by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 75) Re: LA-LA-LA by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 76) Fwd: DEVELOPMENT: Nigeria Tops Global Li by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 77) SV: LA-LA-LA by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 78) Re: A Gambian National Language by Susan Renee Hayes <srhayes@indiana.edu> 79) Re: No Subject by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 80) Re: No Subject by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 81) Re: LA-LA-LA by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 82) Re: SV: LA-LA-LA by binta@iuj.ac.jp 83) Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message by Abdourahman Touray <abdou@cs.columbia.edu> 84) Re: Gambians NOT going back home by Salifuj@aol.com 85) RE: Gambians NOT going back home by Badara Joof <Joof@winhlp.no> 86) Re: A Gambian National Language by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 87) Re: Gambians NOT going back home by binta@iuj.ac.jp 88) Re: A Gambian National Language by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 89) Re: Gambians NOT going back home by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 90) Re: A Gambian National Language by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 91) Re: No Subject by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 92) Re: PMJALLOW:DEV. OF SUBSAHARAN AFRICA by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 93) RE: Gambians NOT going back home by Badara Joof <Joof@winhlp.no> 94) Re: A Gambian National Language by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 95) Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by Isatou Secka <isatou@Glue.umd.edu> 96) unity for the good of Gambia by hghanim@nusacc.org 97) RE: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by hghanim@nusacc.org 98) Re: People are People by David Gilden <dgilden@tiac.net> 99) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 100) Fwd: "Merceneries eye Sierra Leone" by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 101) RE: People are People by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 102) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 103) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 104) New and Curious by "LAURA T RADER" <LTR6685@owl.forestry.uga.edu> 105) Re: Gambians NOT going back home by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 106) RE: New and Curious by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 107) Re: A Gambian National Language by O BALDEH <O.Baldeh@Bradford.ac.uk> 108) Folks! Folks! by Momodou Musa Janneh <mmjanneh@utkux.utcc.utk.edu> 109) Re: Gambians not going back! by binta@iuj.ac.jp 110) Re: New and Curious by binta@iuj.ac.jp 111) House for rent needed by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 112) New Member by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 113) Gambia travel site (fwd) by "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> 114) Re: Gambians not going back! by Salifuj@aol.com 115) RE: LA-LA PART 2 by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 116) RE: LA-LA PART 3 by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 117) Warning Bizarre News: Senegal!!! (fwd) by "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> 118) SV: SV: LA-LA-LA by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 119) SV: LA-LA PART 3 by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 120) RE: Warning Bizarre News: Senegal!!! (fwd) by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 121) SV: New and Curious by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 122) RE: Folks! Folks! by hghanim@nusacc.org 123) FW: Sauerkraut by Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> 124) RE: People are People by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 125) Re: People are People by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 126) Debating Skills Le? by "LAURA T RADER" <LTR6685@owl.forestry.uga.edu> 127) Re: Debating Skills Le? by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 128) LA LA LA LA LA by EStew68064@aol.com 129) RE: Debating Skills Le? by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 130) RE: New and Curious by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 131) RE: People are People by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 132) Re: People are People by Andrea Klumpp <klumpp@kar.dec.com> 133) RE: New and Curious by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 134) Re: Sauerkraut by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 135) RE: People are People by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 136) RE: New and Curious by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 137) Re: unity for the good of Gambia by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 138) Re: LA-LA-LA by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 139) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 140) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by ASJanneh@aol.com 141) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 142) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 143) Re: LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA LA by Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> 144) RE: unity for the good of Gambia by hghanim@nusacc.org 145) RE: Debating Skills Le? by hghanim@nusacc.org 146) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> 147) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 148) Re: GambiaNet Bylaws by Andrea Klumpp <klumpp@kar.dec.com> 149) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by Salifuj@aol.com 150) Re: Gambia travel site (fwd) by Salifuj@aol.com 151) Re: A Gambian National Language by "M. Njie" <mn015@students.stir.ac.uk> 152) FW: story for the day by Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> 153) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 154) RE: People are People by "LAURA T RADER" <LTR6685@owl.forestry.uga.edu> 155) RE: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 156) Re: Encourage Young Gambian Businesses by binta@iuj.ac.jp 157) RE: People are People by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 158) Re: LA LA LA LA LA by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 159) RE: People are People by hghanim@nusacc.org 160) introduction by "m.gassama" <m.gassama@swipnet.se> 161) RE: LA LA LA LA LA by hghanim@nusacc.org 162) RE: introduction by hghanim@nusacc.org 163) Re: introduction by mjallow@st6000.sct.edu (Modou Jallow) 164) My thoughts on different mails by conteh@usa.net 165) RE: introduction by BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> 166) RE: People are People by "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> 167) Re: My thoughts on different mails by "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> 168) Re: introduction by Momodou Musa Janneh <mmjanneh@utkux.utcc.utk.edu> 169) GambiaNet Advisory Board by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 170) Re: GambiaNet Advisory Board by Momodou Musa Janneh <mmjanneh@utkux.utcc.utk.edu> 171) Re: People are People by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 172) Re: Torstien by SANG1220@aol.com 173) The Gambia by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 174) RE: People are People by EStew68064@aol.com 175) Monetary/Economic Matters by ASJanneh@aol.com 176) Re: Development of subsaharan africa (God & Productivity) by Francis Njie <c3p0@xsite.net> 177) Re: New and Curious (Oil off the Gambian coast?) by Francis Njie <c3p0@xsite.net> 178) Re: Internet awareness seminar (Bandwidth Increases) by Francis Njie <c3p0@xsite.net> 179) Re: The Gambia by Andrea Klumpp <klumpp@kar.dec.com> 180) Re: New and Curious (Oil off the Gambian coast?) by EStew68064@aol.com 181) SV: New and Curious by "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> 182) New member by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 183) Fwd: FINANCE-DEVELOPMEN: IMF Ties 'Good Governance' Conditions To Its Loans by momodou@inform-bbs.dk (Momodou Camara) 184) Re: New and Curious (Oil off the Gambian coast?) by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> 185) Re: New and Curious (Oil off the Gambian coast?) by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 186) Re: Development of subsaharan africa (God & Productivity) by "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 07:31:39 -0400 (EDT) From: TSaidy1050@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Return of Qualified African Nationals Message-ID: <970803073139_343707843@emout16.mail.aol.com> Information from IOM in washington. Peace Tombong Saidy --------------------- Forwarded message: From: FLEMING@washington.iom.ch (FLEMING James) To: TSaidy1050@aol.com (Saidy, Tombong) Date: 97-07-26 05:04:27 EDT ******************************************************** RETURN OF QUALIFIED AFRICAN NATIONALS PROGRAM > Job placement in Africa > Financial assistance for returning job holders > Support for self-employment projects ******************************************************** INTRODUCTION In an effort to address the effects of the Brain Drain, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) is implementing a program to facilitate the return of highly qualified African professionals. PROGRAM SUMMARY African countries participating in Phase III of the Return of Qualified African Nationals Program are: Angola, Cape Verde, Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Mozambique, Uganda, Zambia, and Zimbabwe. Nationals of these countries interested in job placement who hold a Ph.D., or a Masters degree with two years of working experience, are invited to apply. Africans holding a Bachelors degree, with extensive work experience, will also be considered. In some cases, IOM may consider applications of professionals who have identified their own employment positions in Africa. Further, IOM may evaluate candidates who are interested in self-employment projects. IOM is able to assist a number of returnees from non-participant nations, especially, but not limited to, Cameroon, Cote d'Ivoire, Eritrea, Guinea, Malawi, Mali, Namibia, Senegal, Tanzania, and Tchad. These applicants must have an employment position secured in their country of return before their case may be evaluated. APPLICATION PROCESS Applications are submitted to the IOM office in Washington for review. Approved dossiers are forwarded to regional offices in Africa via IOM Headquarters in Geneva. The offices in Africa contact prospective employers and submit dossiers of candidates for appropriate job vacancies. Candidates may be placed with employers in the Public, Private, or International sectors, depending on the human resources requirements for each country. Once a job is secured IOM may provide return and reintegration assistance. FINANCIAL SUPPORT Determined on a case-by-case basis, financial benefits for successfully matched candidates may include: > Airline tickets for the candidate and his or her dependents. > Partial assistance toward the shipment of personal effects. > A grant toward the purchase of professional equipment. > Reintegration and reinstallation support to help defray initial housing and living expenses. BACKGROUND The Program for the Reintegration of Qualified African Nationals began in 1983 as a pilot project with a grant from the European Union (formerly the EEC) and the United States. This development project was designed to help reverse the effects of the brain drain on Africa. This was accomplished by assisting African nations return and employ their educated and experienced foreign-based nationals. Each returnee was able to contribute to the development of his or her country through the transfer of their knowledge, skills and experience. Between 1983 and 1987, 535 African Nationals were assisted by IOM in their return to the African work force. Due to the overwhelming success of the pilot project, the European Union approved Phase II of the program under the Lome III Convention. Interested African ACP countries were invited to participate. Under the project extension, 765 qualified professionals and their families returned to Africa. Once again, as a result of the program's success, the European Union considered and approved a third phase of the Program under the Lome IV convention. Begun in February, 1995 Phase III of the program is designed to help 999 Africans families return home. ******************************************************** For more information or an application, contact the IOM office in Washington: IOM 1750 K Street NW, Suite 1110 Washington, DC 20006 USA E-mail: fleming@washington.iom.ch Please note: IOM Washington is responsible for applications from African Nationals who reside in Canada, the Caribbean, and the USA. Inquiries from other locations will be referred to the appropriate IOM office. ******************************************************** DATA ON IOM IOM is an independent, non-political organization of 59 Member Governments and 48 Observer States worldwide. For more than 40 years, it has planned and operated specialized technical programs to assist in refugee resettlement and migration for development. Over 8 million people have received migration assistance under the auspices of IOM and more than 20,000 people have received reintegration support under the various "Return of Talent" programs to Africa, Latin America, the Caribbean, and Southeast Asia. ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 17:44:37 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Return of Qualified African Nationals Message-ID: <01BCA034.F14B03A0@ddcc.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA034.F14B03A0" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA034.F14B03A0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Tombong! As always,thanks for the resourcefulness! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: TSaidy1050@aol.com[SMTP:TSaidy1050@aol.com] Sent: 03 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 10:31 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Fwd: Return of Qualified African Nationals =20 Information from IOM in washington. Peace Tombong Saidy --------------------- Forwarded message: From: FLEMING@washington.iom.ch (FLEMING James) To: TSaidy1050@aol.com (Saidy, Tombong) Date: 97-07-26 05:04:27 EDT ******************************************************** RETURN OF QUALIFIED AFRICAN NATIONALS PROGRAM > Job placement in Africa > Financial assistance for returning job holders > Support for self-employment projects ******************************************************** INTRODUCTION In an effort to address the effects of the Brain Drain, the International Organization for Migration (IOM) is implementing a program to facilitate the return of highly qualified African professionals. ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 18:30:22 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Development of subsaharan Africa Message-ID: <01BCA03B.50DCE620@ddcc.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA03B.50E48740" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA03B.50E48740 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr.Jallow! It was really refreshing reading your analysis of the developmental = maladies of Gambia, esp. the very interesting real examples you have = given and what you think should be done about them. I have some observations to make,but since you apparently have not yet = finished,my observations will have to wait.But,in the meantime time, can = you tell us a little about the problems facing the Agricultural Sector, = because I can't figure out why Africans can't still produce their own = foods even though the ecomomies of very many of them are based on = Agriculture. Regards Bassss! =20 ---------- From: The Gambia-L shadow list[SMTP:gambia-l@commit.gm] Sent: 03 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 5:02 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa This is forwarded from "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> (pmj@commit.gm) How To develop from here (after a generation of independence) ? People & Bass in particular Bye for now and all comments invited.. the thrust of my argument is we still pay the price of the colonial education of the 1950s..there are universities in UK specializing in giving third worlders and Africans in particular Masters degrees in 2 years flat..then of course go home. Peace pmj ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 20:52:30 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: FWD:Taylor Pledges Reconciliation As His Priority Message-ID: <19970803195425.AAB9256@LOCALNAME> Taylor Pledges Reconciliation As His Priority August 3, 1997 Paul Ejime, PANA Correspondent MONROVIA (PANA) - Liberia's new president, Charles Taylor, has pledged to make national reconciliation his priority in the post-war administration of his country. In our quest to heal the pains of the republic, national reconciliation remainds the key, Taylor, a former warlord, said after his inauguration Saturday. He won the presidential elections overwhelmingly, July 19 To this end, Taylor declared the month of August the period for national reconciliation and healing. Reach out and speak to someone even if that person does not want to speak to you, he said. Apologize to someone eve if you believe that that person deserves no apology. In an apparent reference to the fact that he started the 1989 rebellion that triggered the seven-year civil war, Taylor said Liberians should walk away from any argument about who started the war and why. He said: Let us abandon the constant references to our tribal and ethnic origins in furtherance of the speech of propensity for hate. That comment came during his inaugural speech, a ceremony lasting one hour at Monrovia's Centennial Pavilion packed with thousands of leaders and eight West African leaders. Taylor told his compatriots they should never ever permit themselves to be divided by anyone. The war killed at least 150,000 of the country's estimated 2.5 million people and send hundreds of thousands more other West African countries as refugees. Promising to uplift and protect the human rights ad welfare of Liberians, especially some 60,000 former fighters, Taylor called on all Liberians abroad to return home and join us in the Herculean task of reconstructing our beloved country. He said: We are committed to the welfare and equal opportunity for all ex-combatants of the civil conflict whether you are health, traumatised, disabled otherwise disarmed and demobilised. He promised to be a president to all Liberians and not a factional leader. He said the principle of reciprocity, self-determination and non-interference in the internal affairs of other countries would guide the foreign policy of his administration. In addition, he pledged to respect the relevant charters of the United Nations, the Organisation of African Unity, the Economic Community of West African States (Ecowas) and other international bodies to which Liberia is signatory. He urged greater African unity ad subregional integration. Liberia, he said, would resume its place among the nations of Africa. Speaking of a new breed of African leaders, Taylor said while Africa shall entertain the views ad wisdom of other nations Africa shall not be expected, as in the past, to be commanded by others. He said Africa should cease to be a consumer continent to be dictated to or remain a market place where arms for human destruction are sold. Taylor expressed gratitude to the international community, especially Ecowas, which has had a peace monitoring force in Liberia to help end the civil war. He singled out Nigerian leader Sani Abacha for special mention, saying his personal involvement facilitated the return of peace to Liberia. Copyright + 1997 Panafrican News Agency. All Rights Reserved. ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 20:52:31 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: FWD:Restoration Of Peace In Liberia An African Success Message-ID: <19970803195425.AAA9256@LOCALNAME> Restoration Of Peace In Liberia An African Success August 3, 1997 Paul Ejime, PANA Correspondent MONROVIA (PANA) - The Ecowas Chairman ad Nigerian head of state, Gen. Sani Abacha, says the restoration of peace in war-torn Liberia is a demonstration that Africa can solve its won problems. It shows that Africans can take their destiny in their own hands and that regional peace keeping can work and indeed works, he said. He was speaking Saturday at the inauguration of Charles Taylor as president of post-war Liberia. Commending the Economic Community of West African States' (Ecowas) initiative in Liberia, Abacha said it was the first proven success of chapter eight of the United Nations charter. He said the entire world was now focused on Africa's oldest republic, The rebirth of a great nation as Taylor took the oath of office. Noting the skepticism that greeted the 1990 deployment of Ecomog, the community's Peace Monitoring Force, to Liberia, Abacha acknowledged that peace had been difficult to attain. It involved the sacrifice of blood, sweat and vast resources, he said. He added that Liberia had paid too great a price for this war, which was altogether avoidable. Describing Taylor's inauguration as epic-making and the culmination of the collective efforts of the subregion, Abacha said the former warlord was the man whom destiny has chose to lead Liberia into the next century. As Nigeria and Ecowas stood by Liberia during crisis, Abacha said the same way they would support the country in time of peace. Copyright + 1997 Panafrican News Agency. All Rights Reserved. ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 20:00:54 -0400 (EDT) From: EStew68064@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: LALA??? Message-ID: <970803200053_884598773@emout18.mail.aol.com> SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 17:18:57 +0200 From: "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: A Gambian National Language Message-ID: <199708040056.CAA23910@d1o2.telia.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hello Mr. Baldeh, I have had a lousy week-end, so please bear with me if you find my question irresponsible. I have been away from my desk for nearly a week and I' ve just managed to go through your long answers to Momodou Camara. My point of departure is that ANYTHING that promotes a Gambian identity is welcome! Linguists like yourself would certainly have a lot to do whenever the inhabitants of that geographic entity called Gambia should choose to invent a hybridised tongue from some of the languages spoken there. But I have a question and a few comments: 1. I failed to congratulate Bass on that wonderful job he did on a very brief synopsis about the Origins of Tribali...I do not think Bass intended it as a course, as you seemed to think. However, I would like to ask why you think anyone giving a view of some aspect of linguistic history MUST mention Noam Chomsky. Frankly, I for one care little , at this material time, about whether languages are a gift from God or some other deity that should wish us appreciate it as THE VERB, OR SOURCE OF LIFE(?). Material conditions in the world have RESULTED TO THE DEATH OF SOME LANGUAGES AND THE BIRTH OF OTHERS - AND it is of little consequence (TO ME) if that is always a matter of divine intervention or not. And such material conditions, do, to some extent, exist in the Gambia! [ That many Gambians speak a Wollof poisoned with English words is for instance, a fact of this world, explicable with or without the help of both the Holy Quran and the Holy Bible]. You say that Momodou should answer the imaginary Dane not like a European since he is not one himself - my understanding of your implication being that he should answer like an African/Gambia. But, in the same vein, you mentioned that you do not want to be party to those kind of Gambian-type discussions(?)!! Well what sort of debates do you want to participate in? French or Danish ones?? Clear thinking is necessary here, don't you think? No offence meant. Best Regards, Modou Sidibeh. > Från: O BALDEH <O.Baldeh@Bradford.ac.uk> > Till: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Ämne: Re: A Gambian National Language > Datum: den 31 juli 1997 19:27 > > Njie, > I would like give you more of what you need consequently. However, I am > not among those who advocate for selecting one national langyage among > the languages for the country. please note that. I am saying it is > possible to create a langaugae out of these languages but I am not > proposing one language in the place of others. I will not do that. Thats > schizo.... > No hard feelings, just make records clear. > si jaamanobi. > Omar Baldeh > > On Thu, 31 Jul 1997, M. Njie wrote: > > > Momodou's question whether Gambian linquists can create a new > > language from the existing ones which could become our national > > language in 20-30 years' time, is not difficult to answer. The > > answer is YES, they can. But such an important national issue > > cannot be left to linguists alone. I am not sure whether a > > mixture of the most simple words will be enough, but I get > > your point the new language being inclusive of all the other > > languages. > > > > How language originated is still in dispute, with some > > maintaining that it is a gift from God, while others say it > > was invented by human beings. The Greeks believed that an > > ancient 'legislator' gave the true names to all things. I am > > not sure from Momodou's question, the domains in which the new > > language is to be used, but I would imagine that it would of > > higher status than the other languages. In which case, it > > would be used in domains such as Family, Technical, Administration, > > Education and Rural life. > > > > Language and cultural transmission are to some two sides of > > the same coin. Suffice to say that the new language should > > be accepted by society at large 'as suitable for its assigned > > role and of such functional importance as to be worth the > > effort of acquiring...it has an important bearing on > > motivation.' > > > > One of the problems with a national language in Africa, > > like in Kenya, is that employers rarely include Kiswahili in > > their list of qualifications for jobs. There may also be the > > case that certain wealthy people would prefer to send their > > kids abroad for education. > > > > Out of 53 African states, only about nine have a common > > national language. So it is a rather tricky subject. And in > > some countries that now have a national language,there are hist.reasons for > > it. Kiswahili, for example, was, to put it crudely, the mother > > tongue of only about ten percent of the population. But it > > has now acquired an almost neutral status, not least because > > of the massive support given to its development by the Germans > > and the willingness of the people to accept it. Momodou did > > not specifically ask this question, but I just wanted to put the > > national language issue in some context. Other members(Susan, > > Bass, Omar and Jainaba) have voiced their support for the > > selection of one of our national languages as THE national > > language, and I will have something to say about this by the > > middle of next week. > > > > I would however like to comment, if I may, about certain > > issues already raised by Omar. I agree with him that in the > > world, bilingualism is the norm, and monolingualism the > > exception. However, if a monolingual is someone who speaks only > > one language, there are many to be found in Britain, for > > example. This is probably because many of them do not see the > > need to learn another language, and they are many a time > > embarrassed by this. I may not get Omar's proper meaning of > > monolingualism. In which case, I am sorry. All the Africans > > that I know are at least bilingual, but our > > bilingualism/multilingualism is hardly recognised. For many, this > > means being able to speak only certain selected languages. > > > > Also, Omar appears to be saying that our indigenous > > languages are important to us, and at the same arguing that > > language is culture-neutral. Can he throw more light on this? > > I just want to ask two questions that sociolinguists sometimes ask. > > 1)Does learning another language entail learning another culture? > > 2)Does our own language DETERMINE our perception of the world? > > In trying to answer these questions, take into account, where > > the LEARNER travels and where the LANGUAGE travels. > > > > I agree with Omar that there is no evidence that one > > language is more ' primitive' than another. Suffice to say that > > all languages have grammar, phonology, syntax and lexicon. I > > wll elaborate next week, if there is any need for it, on the > > position of the 'univeralists' and the 'relativists' regarding > > the Principle of Linguistic Equality. > > > > If anyone wants to raise certain issues with me on this > > subject, publicly or privately, it would be much appreciated. I > > wish everyone a super weekend. > > > > Momodou > > > > PS I am sorry if I have caused distress to certain people > > regarding the length of the mail. That is why I raised the > > possibility of a private discussion. > > > > > > > > ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 09:01:13 +0200 From: "A.Dibba" <adibba@online.no> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Test: don't look! Message-ID: <01BCA0B4.F6606080@NTWK4_0_96-31> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA0B4.F6636DC0" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA0B4.F6636DC0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit -----Original Message----- From: Moe S. Jallow [SMTP:mjallow@sct.edu] Sent: Saturday, August 02, 1997 6:46 PM To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Test: don't look! Just testing. -Moe ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 02:25:03 -0000 From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: "GAMBIA-L" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Internet awareness seminar Message-ID: <B0000002868@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit This is forwarded from "Mr.Torstein Grotnes" <tgr@commit.gm> (tgr@commit.gm) NATIONAL NEWS FOROYAA WEEKLY NEWSPAPER 31JULY-7AUGUST, 1997 ------------------------------------------- GAMTEL ORGANIZED A ONE DAY INTERNET SENSITIZATION SEMINAR As part of the celebration to mark Internet week, the Gambia Telecommunications Company Ltd. GAMTEL in collaboration with the UNDP, Banjul, organized a one day Internet Awareness Seminar at the Kairaba Beach Hotel On Monday, 28 July, 1997 to which the general public was invited. In his opening speech to the seminar, the Secretary of State for Works, Communication and Information, Mr. Ebrima Ceesay underscored the importance of the Internet to the development of The Gambia. He described the Internet as a tool for development which can bring awareness to the public by providing various forms of information. The secretary of State went on to assure the private sector that government does not intend to monopolize the Internet. He indicated that they would limit themselves to the provisions of services. In addressing the gathering , the acting UNDP resident Representative, Mr. Yakou Mensah underscored the need to develop an African Information society that will enhance policy formulation. Mr. Mensah elaborated on the multifaceted project of the UNDP to The Gambia. He then went on to describe the introduction of Internet services as one of the most important innovations of the century. He then outlined the objectives of the Internet project. The managing Director of GAMTEL recalled that it was barely three months ago that the secretary of State for Works, Communication and Information led a 5 person delegation to Abuja, Nigeria. He indicated that the project will allow Internet users to share experience, and expose participants to services through the Internet. Other speakers included Dr. Akwule, President of Africa Communications (AFCOM), Richard Kirby of the UNDP Africa Regional Bureau, and Ms. Molwane, who are part of the UNDP team, Mr. Sankung Sawo and M. Lamin Jagne, both of GAMTEL and Mr. Muhammed Jah of the Quantum Associates who represented the private sector. Sources indicate that the project is a three year project jointly sponsored by the UNDP and The Gambia Government to a tune of $600,000 and $500,000 respectively. The project is meant to create a national gateway for The Gambia and is based on the principles of capacity building, partnership and sustainability. The project will be managed by GAMTEL and The Gambia Government. The closing remarks were delivered by the Permanent Secretary, State Department of Works, Communications and Information. Also present at the seminar were Secretaries of State for Finance and Economic Affairs, Trade, Industry and Employment and Foreign Affairs. At the end of the deliberations, participants had the opportunity to raise many questions and concerns. -------------------------------------------- These news are extracted from the latest edition of Foroyaa weekly newspaper. Spelling errors are all mine. COMMENT: The one day seminar was promising in terms of upgrading the existing digital lines to The Gambia. As I understood it by the information we received from the seminar, with the help of UNDP and in collaboration with GAMTEL, The Gambia will get a initial 128 Kbit Gateway line to a Internet backbone by the end of the year. Later in the three year project, even higher bandwidth would be available. For the initial limited Internet market in The Gambia, a 128Kbit line will be sufficient to deliver good speed browsing, newsgroup and ftp services. Promising was also the wording from the Secretary of State for Works, Communication and Information, Mr. Ebrima Ceesay, and GAMTEL, that the private sector would play an important part in providing the services to the customers. One obstacle I am concerned about though in the development of a "Internet community" in The Gambia is the lack of "Nerds". You might laugh but the point here is that these groups of boys and girls using big parts of their teen-years playing around with computers ten/fifteen years ago in Europe,US,UK, today is the backbone of resource people developing and creating the Internet. One simple example is the largest software company Microsoft, with true to the bone "Nerd" Bill Gates. I believe the enabling of such groups would go a long way to let The Gambia be somebody in the "Global village". Regards, Torstein Grotnes Manager & Secretary Commit Enterprises Ltd. Address: 6 M-section, Fajara, PMB 717, Serrekunda, The Gambia, WA Tel: +220 392667 Fax: +220 375890 E-mail: tgr@commit.gm ------------------------------ Date: Sun, 3 Aug 1997 23:48:04 +0100 From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: "gambia-l" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa (3) Message-ID: <B0000002866@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit This is forwarded from "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> (pmj@commit.gm) Mr. Lamin & People I apologise for the brief nature of some of my points, by liberalization and opening access I mean just that..the Rulers/Civil Servants are looked upon with distrust and sometimes with dismay here especially in the rural /country areas..we go there on TREK in our fancy and air-conditioned 4 WD vehicles, sleep in air-conditioned Govt. Quarters or Guest Houses just like the Colonial masters and deliver opinions and judgements..a case in point is the Soil & Water management unit of the agriculture department..for donkey years, these Agric officers did liming demonstrations on all types of soil based on a 1977 excercise learnt fom USAID Technical Assistants..these officers were not aware of any other tests for different soils, insisted on the same, practically forced the farmers to cultivate saline swamps and of course yield is NOTHING..the farmers after years of DICTAT know better that REFUSE but SNEER about the TOUBAB KARANGLAS..(white or Western Educated types)..all attempts by newly graduated Agricultural Scientists..Gambians..were met with the comments of ýou have no experience..we have done this for 20 years..one famous remark..then made about The Gambia's now Secretary of State for Agriculture..a Rice Scientist..was that all he did was test and experiment..and that AGRICULTURE was an ART..now as MINISTER, he is still inhibited by the same old guard... so our generation of newly trained graduates have to face this disdain and distrust our people have ...and rightly so from unflexible govt. policies that have often failed..the main reason is still the employment of underqualified personnel in all these technical fields..fitters called Mechanics..Mechanics called Engineers..Agronomists who have no clue what Agronomy is.. what I also mean by the 2 year Masters without Thesis degree especially for Africans is that certain so- called Universities have been profiting from the sale of this to Africans..so called Experience is factored in and in two years..Presto..you receive a Masters..they get their money..our fake graduates receive a document to continue the masquerade..this is even sometimes 1 year..tailor made for us.. To continue with Where to from here? One will wonder why our impact.our generation which I maintain is competent to carry on OUR SURGE TO THE FUTURE..has still not been able to carry this out ..I argue that a REFORM of the system is required and is ineveitable..the old classical system will not work..and the REVOLUTION is underway... I lauded GAMTEL as the first shot in the REVOLUTION but today after having expanded countrywide utilizing FIBRE OPTIC NETWORK..way ahead of many westen countries..GAMTEL has about 25,000 subscribers and a backlog of about 21,000 who cannot get service..NEW LINES now cost D800.00 ($80) exorbitant by any standards especially The Gambia. The inherent cost of phone service is now practically anti-consumer..and Level of Service is dropping..if GAMTEL lacks the capital for Maintenance and much less DEVELOPMENT and having set up the BASIC INFRASTRUCTURE..bring in investors..give a minimum rate for use of existing INFRASTRUCTURE and then let us build on this..that should be the NEXT STEP..let GAMTEL regulate and monitor and also provide basic services..if the new services can be cheaper..all the better if not and they cost more but have more features or better services..let the CONSUMERS choose..THIS IS THE TYPE OF LIBERALIZATION I MEAN..OUR OBJECTIVE SHOULD BE TO AVAIL OUR PEOPLE WITH THE SERVICES & GOODS It should be the same with POWER & UTILITY..I studied in TALLAHASSEE, FLORIDA..(STATE CAPITAL) POP 150,000..the city has its own utility company, I am positive that small Gambian or Foreign or Joint ventures can accelerate ELECTRIFICATION in the GAMBIA if legally allowed and UHC adopts a cooperative posture..i.e use of poles and even cables at cost...this service may be more expensive than the NATIONAL but may be better or more reliable..again the CHOICE should be there..I know of a collection of individuals in Yundum Village who currrently operate a 640kva generator set and could supply up to 100 compounds..but are currently seeking permission to offer this service in a place where the residents are willing and prepared to bear the costs..permission is still pending as the MONOPOLY of GUC-UHC is intact. I maintain that GOVT. should try to provide basic services EDUCATION, HEALTHCARE, WATER & ELECTRICITY, AIRPORTS, ROADS, SEAPORTS etc but PRIVATE CAPITAL should be encouraged ... NOW why is this simple way not prevailing despite Africa's great movement away from CENTRALIZATION..the reasons are obvious.. GOVERNMENT is still CENTRAL..the DIVISIONS are still governed by COMMISSIONERS appointed by the HEAD OF STATE or through the GOVERNMENT not elected..they still hold EXECUTIVE & JUDICIAL POWERS..pretty much as the COLONIAL RULER.. Our Planners are the same from the early independence era..the great believers in CENTRALIZATION because of the early rejection of COLONIALIST CAPITALISM and the POWERS inherent with CENTRALIZATION..so LIBERALIZATION is still half hearted and half-implemented..i will cap on personal experiences on my next issue and I still invite comments..so long peace pmj ---------- > From: binta@iuj.ac.jp > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa > Date: Sunday, August 03, 1997 6:56 AM > > Mr. PMJallow, > > Thanks for your comments on some very important issues. however, I am > very much interested in the last part of your this last article that > touches on the liberalisation of the utilities and telecommunications > sectors in the Gambia. I guess you will elaborate on these. > > You also talked about the award of two-year master degrees to Africans > by British institutions . What do you mean by this? It seems I am > a little confused. > > Lamin. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 11:58:11 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F32190311010C0@dkdifs02.dif.dk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Pa Musa Jalow and Abdoulie Dibba, thanks a lot for your contributions. Now we come close to what I=B4m asking for. Let me first say that most = of it only get me to repeat what I have been saying since my first visit = to your country in 1979: Focus and priority should be put on:=20 -education - agriculture- food production and -manufactury- and export - infrastructure - clean water supply for every compound, sanitary, electricity (river-/wind-/solarcell-energy) for every compound, roads-traffic (river-transportation ?) - primary health care etc... And the future is in your own hands (DEPENDENCY) and you must believe and trust in yourself (ATTITUDE). Thanks for the example: As an educated engineer you are payed an annual salary of $ 2700, but the WHITE consultant is payed up to $ 250.000. When I earlier asked what should a decent salary be, I was thinking exactly on this problem. How can anyone expect any of you, who is = needed in the Gambia, to go home and serve the country, the people, if your = are not appreciated. I asked for "every-day-heroes" and "people to look up to", and I asked for both sacrifices but also respect for you and your jobs. Let=B4s say that a decent salary for an engineer should be $ 3.000 or 4.000 or 5.000 so they could raise a family, help the extended family, there could still be employed 40 to 50 skilled, educated gambian engineers for the amount that one FOREIGN consultant is payed. And that is only engineers, what about those of you who are educated into medicine, agriculture, computor-technology, science etc.=20 The "brain-drain" must be stopped. And to me it=B4s only a question on WILL and PLANNING. That was my comment. Now a personal question. Why do you emphazise it is a WHITE consultant = ? Could it not have been a BLACK one, from USA f.in. ? And for the information. It=B4s only 50 years since all danish children got the chance of comming to school, in rural areas up til 30 years = ago, they only whent every second day, and not when their work was needed in the farming. It was in the eaarly =B460=B4s we got enough public = schools. It=B4s not more than 20 years ago that we, living in the "far west", = has got our own highschools, so youngsters from our part of the country could also get the chance of getting better education, and it=B4s only within the last 10 years time, that up to 50 % of a class/year = continued to highschool. So we are not so much ahead of the Gambia. In the periods when the european incursions took place, at the same = time most of the european countries were fighting each others, killings, burnings, oppression, and at the same period we had the highest migration-figures ever seen, many millions of europeans emigrated to USA, Canada, Australia, etc. If we can understand why the europeans managed to do all this, then we can learn from our history. As you = maybe don=B4t always want to be grouped under the mass-designation "africa = south of Sahara", you must understand, that we "europeans" never has understand each others as one people - "europeans". It=B4s the opposite that characterize us. We see each other as different nationalities, which has very little (or some should say very much ) in commen. The "blind" competition among us, is the glove that bind us. (PS: I have just heard on the radion that the muslims who under protection and promises returned to their Bosnian homes, has been threatened out again, the authourities who should protect them has just offered = busses, so they could get rid of them even faster, and the etnic cleansning continues. That=B4s also Europe). Asbj=F8rn Nordam ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 13:45:13 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <01BCA0DC.A525D2E0@ddaj.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA0DC.A52D7400" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA0DC.A52D7400 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable You could say: "nbeng lala" meaning I want to lie down Or you could say: = "kaa lala" meaning to arrange a number of things piece by piece beside = each other. Regards Bassss! ---------- From: EStew68064@aol.com[SMTP:EStew68064@aol.com] Sent: 03 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 23:00 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: LALA??? SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA = WORD "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 20:18:10 +0900 (JST) From: binta@iuj.ac.jp To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa Message-ID: <199708041112.UAA09561@mlsv.iuj.ac.jp> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII Gambia-l, Sorry for this bla..bla..bla as some may prefer to see it! Anyway, i think Absjorn has a point when he asked PMJ about the emphasis on 'WHITE consultant'. Of course countries like Gambia do get a let of white consultants, but we do get some black and some not-so-white ones too. Nonetheless, the picture remains the same. Consultants from outside tend to get more money and perks than those from within. An enigma that seems natural in most places! The bottom line here is that the world has changed and so must we. We must begin to reward merit based on experience, training, and of course track record! Mr. PM Jallow, thanks again for a good piece. I am just wondering how the privatisation of the telecommunications sector in the gambia is going to work. Imagine that the current demand for telephone lines is a mere 45,000 (installed plus backlogs)! How profitable will it be for private entrepreneurs to enter this market, let alone stay in it. What drives the utilities industry most is market size. The world over, at least in finance, it is established that utility firms have constant revenue and low profitability margin. They survive because cost is spread over the huge customer base. I therefore fail to see how competitive a liberalised telecommunications/utilities sector can be in The Gambia--unless of course we are talking about a borderless ECOWAS with its huge market potential! In any case, the corporate governance system in parastatals is in dire need of a revamp. How to make these CEOs and their management more responsible to the Gambian people is the question--the selection of board of directors and top management, executive compensation systems, means of consumer representation in the absence of shareholders are all areas that require consideration. That way telephone rates may go down, Gamtel's backlog of orders may shrink and result in more revenue for the 'giant', electricity supply could be less erratic and available to many. In sum, I think a closer look at the existing corporate structure in these important parastatals will yield better results than another wave of privatisation and liberalisation. Just a thought. Lamin. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 14:20:31 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Internet awareness seminar Message-ID: <01BCA0E1.952A62C0@ddaj.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA0E1.952A62C0" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA0E1.952A62C0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable One obstacle I am concerned about though in the development of a = "Internet community" in The Gambia is the lack of "Nerds". You might laugh but the point here is that these groups of boys and = girls using big parts of their teen-years playing around with computers ten/fifteen years ago in Europe,US,UK, today is the backbone = of resource people developing and creating the Internet. One simple example is the largest software company Microsoft, with true = to the bone "Nerd" Bill Gates. I believe the enabling of such groups would go a long way to let The = Gambia be somebody in the "Global village". Regards, Torstein Grotnes Manager & Secretary Commit Enterprises Ltd. Address: 6 M-section, Fajara, PMB 717, Serrekunda, The Gambia, WA Tel: +220 392667 Fax: +220 375890 E-mail: tgr@commit.gm Mr.Grotnes! The point you raised in your last paragraph is crucial indeed,if = Gambia is to make any headway in the informaion age.So,thanks for the = good work down there! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: The Gambia-L shadow list[SMTP:gambia-l@commit.gm] Sent: 04 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 5:25 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: Internet awareness seminar ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 11:28:31 0000 From: "N.JARJU" <CD6C6JNJ@swansea.ac.uk> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: GambiaNet Advisory Board Message-ID: <43D6461D81@CCUGRAD2.SWAN.AC.UK> ATTENTION Latir Downes- Thomas. In response to your request I wish to attest my willingness to serve on the board if so I am deemed qualified. I am an Education Economist; and have taught for many years in Gambia's primary and secondary schools. As of 1994, I have been designated to the role of Education Planner / Economist. Currently, I am completing a degree in M. Sc. ( Econs. ) Development Policy and Planning, at the Centre Of Development Studies, University of Wales Swansea. A couple of weeks ago, I was in Cardiff and read some information on The Gambia that is out-dated and miss informing. As a result, if we Gambians can have of the opportunity to supply correct and current information to the world, why won't we do so. Therefore I am willing to supply the Net with information on education and related matters as much as possible. The only problem remains that, I shall be going back to the Gambia soon and although we have computers in the Division, we do not have the e-mail package. Once that is sorted out, and when I shall be at home working purely on professional matters ( outside rigourous "Academic Slavery" requiring meeting dead-lines,) I hope to be able to render a service as may be required of me. My apology to the Net for not being able to introduce myself since then. As of end of September '97, I can be contacted on this address: PLANNING DIVISION, Ministry of Education, Bedford Place Building, Banjul. Thanx for the good work. Keep it up. NYAKS. ................................................................................ Date: Fri, 01 Aug 1997 02:03:43 -0400 Reply-to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: GambiaNet Advisory Board X-To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Dear List Members, The GambiaNet Board of Directors wishes to announce that we are seeking candidates with **legal expertise** to assist us in the capacity of Advisory Board Members. Under our draft Bylaws, the definition and duties of the Advisory Board are as follows: SECTION (3) ADVISORY BOARD (A) DEFINED: There shall be an Advisory Board which will consist of members of the Organization appointed by the Board. (B) DUTIES: The function of the Advisory Board shall be to examine issues and questions presented by the Board as to options and courses of actions available to the Board. If you are selected by the Board of Directors to be an Advisory Board member you will be an invaluable member of the organisation. From time to time issues may arise or questions may be asked and help from professionals or those with a working knowledge of the issue at hand will be greatly needed. At this time, the Board of Directors is seeking to appoint those members of the list who have legal backgrounds to join the Advisory Board for a term of one year. Since the Board of Directors has the ultimate responsibility for the GambiaNet Organisation, initially, we wish to seek comment from "legal minds" on our draft Bylaws before formally adopting them and on an impending business contract. The Bylaws state clearly that the members of the Advisory Board must come from the Membership of GambiaNet so the Board of Directors will grant Advisory Board members full membership to GambiaNet and membership fees will be waived. If you are someone with a legal background or studying law, and have the intention of joining GambiaNet, we ask that you kindly consider helping us by joining this Board and playing a vital role in this new exciting cyberspace venture! This initial request is for three members and the duties as stated in the Bylaws are purely advisory. Any help sought by the Board of Directors will be divided among the members so that any work with the Organisation will add just a minimal workload to your schedules. If you are interested, please send a request to my email address: latir@earthlink.net Please include a brief account of your professional background that also includes the number of years in the mentioned profession(s), and your current country of residence. GambiaNet, as you may have already been informed, is a non profit, apolitical membership based organisation registered in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by a group of Gambians from the Internet based "GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List" who initially came together to provide a means of putting a Gambian based newspaper on the Internet for the Gambian Internet community. That project, called Observer Online, is now coming into fruition as part of the services to be offered by GambiaNet to its members. As stated in our draft Bylaws, GambiaNet shall: "...operate exclusively for not-for-profit purposes within the meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code to promote through its members the social, cultural, informational and educational interests of the Gambia throughout the world. It shall: 1. Provide for the dissemination of informational, educational and literary material from and about the Gambia to the Internet and other media. 2. Bring and share information about the social, economic and political developments in The Gambia. 3. Provide a forum for exchanging ideas and for discussions on matters related to The Gambia. 4. Promote matters related to The Gambia and Gambian or African cultural heritage. 5. Raise funds for educational purposes in the Gambia and the Gambian diaspora. 6. Include other activities related to Gambia agreed upon by the Board of Directors. 7. Operate on a politically impartial basis and shall not render support or endorsement to, nor shall it denounce, any political group or party in The Gambia and abroad." Thank you for your kind cooperation. Sincerely, Latir Gheran Downes-Thomas latir@earthlink.net Public Relations Representative GambiaNet ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 13:45:37 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Our man in Ministry of education. Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F32190311010C2@dkdifs02.dif.dk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr. N. Jarju, Thanks for the information. I see no problem only possibilities. You will be "our man in the Bulls Eye". Be sure that I will knock on your door, when I come to visit The Gambia in october/november. I am sure that you will do a fine work on planning the nearest future of education. Congratulation on the future job. Asbj=F8rn Nordam Therefore I am willing to supply the Net with information on education and related matters as much as possible. The only problem remains that, I shall be going back to the Gambia=20 soon and although we have computers in the Division, we do not have=20 the e-mail package. Once that is sorted out, and when I shall be at=20 home working purely on professional matters ( outside rigourous=20 "Academic Slavery" requiring meeting dead-lines,) I hope to be able to=20 render a service as may be required of me. My apology to the Net for not being able to introduce myself since then. As of end of September '97, I can be contacted on this address: PLANNING=20 DIVISION, Ministry of Education, Bedford Place Building, Banjul. =20 Thanx for the good work. Keep it up. NYAKS. ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 13:48:23 +0200 From: Andrea Klumpp <klumpp@kar.dec.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: GambiaNet Advisory Board Message-ID: <33E5C187.14DA@kar.dec.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Hello List-members, I must have missed some information: who is the board of directors? GambiaNet seems to cover widespread activities, going far beyond bringing the Observer online as initially planned. Would somebody therefore please inform me and others, what functions GambiaNet is going to have, how the NGO relates to intends to co-operate with the "rest" of the list and who the directors are? Thank you, Andrea > > Dear List Members, > > The GambiaNet Board of Directors wishes to announce that we are seeking > candidates with **legal expertise** to assist us in the capacity of > Advisory Board Members. > snip > GambiaNet, as you may have already been informed, is a non profit, > apolitical membership based organisation registered in Chicago, > Illinois, USA. snip > That project, called Observer Online, is now coming into fruition as > part of the services to be offered by GambiaNet to its members. > > As stated in our draft Bylaws, GambiaNet shall: snip > 1. Provide for the dissemination of informational, educational and > literary material from and about the Gambia to the Internet and > other media. > 5. Raise funds for educational purposes in the Gambia and the Gambian > diaspora. > 6. Include other activities related to Gambia agreed upon by the Board > of Directors. > Thank you for your kind cooperation. > > Sincerely, > > Latir Gheran Downes-Thomas ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 10:54:23 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: MJawara@aol.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Summer Jam Message-ID: <QQdbdu27124.199708041530@relay7.UU.NET> What is the fundraising for?? hg -----Original Message----- From: MJawara@aol.com Sent: Saturday, August 02, 1997 5:15 PM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Summer Jam << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- --------------------- Forwarded message: Subj: Summer Jam Date: 97-08-02 17:18:57 EDT From: MJawara To: gambia-1@u.washington.edu The Gambian Support Group cordially invites you to a fundraising party on saturday August 30 ( Labor Day Weekend ) at the Marriott Hotel ( Washington Ballroom ) in Gaithersburg, Maryland.Complimentary drinks and hors d'oeuvres will be provided in the Executive Lounge. Music will be provided by DJ SHAKI & RHYTHM KING PRODUCTION. $10.00 (COVER CHARGE ) Proper Attire Required. D'ont miss an evening of great entertaiment and ambiance. DIRECTIONS : Take I - 495 West to 270 North.Take Exit 9B at Sam Eig Highway West.Then turn left onto Fields Road, and left again onto Rio Blvd.; which becomes Washington Blvd.Pass the Rio Entertaiment complex and turn left into the Hotel entrance. ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 11:05:06 PDT From: "Jainaba Diallo" <jai_diallo@hotmail.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Nigerian Music Superstar Dies at 58 (fwd) Message-ID: <199708041805.LAA24611@f43.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain >> August 3, 1997 >> >> Nigerian Music Superstar Dies at 58 >> -------------------------------------------------- >> >> Filed at 3:08 p.m. EDT >> >> By The Associated Press >> >> LAGOS, Nigeria (AP) -- Fela Anikulapo-Kuti, a pop >> superstar who fused rock with African rhythms into >> a blend known as ``Afrobeat'' and was a persistent >> critic of Nigeria's military regime, has died of >> AIDS, his family said Sunday. He was 58. >> >> The flamboyant singer's death Saturday was >> announced by his brother, Olikoye Ransome-Kuti, in >> a statement broadcast on national television. No >> cause of death was given at the time. Throngs of >> stunned, tearful fans gathered outside Fela's >> nightclub, the Shrine, after hearing the news. >> >> Ransome-Kuti, a doctor and former health minister, >> joined other family members at a news conference >> Sunday and confirmed that Fela had died of heart >> failure caused by AIDS. That immediately raised >> questions about whether any of Fela's 27 wives had >> contracted the disease. >> >> Fela, known across the continent by his first >> name, was one of the dominant superstars of >> African music in the 1970s and 1980s and had >> recorded more than 50 albums. >> >> He also became famous for his songs criticizing >> the military junta of Gen. Sani Abacha, as well as >> earlier military regimes in Nigeria, West Africa's >> most populous nation. >> >> ``Fela was a great legend who used his music >> tirelessly to bring about social justice,'' said >> Rasheed Gbadamosi, a prominent businessman and >> writer. >> >> Fela, a saxophone player, was born in 1938 in >> Abeokuta, about 50 miles north of the capital, >> Lagos. He started out as a jazz musician but >> shifted toward pop and reggae while studying at >> Trinity College of Music in Oxford, England, from >> 1959 to 1962. >> >> He also spent time in Ghana and the United States, >> where he developed a strong interest in politics >> and civil rights. Returning to Nigeria for good in >> 1973, he swiftly became a big star. His top albums >> included ``Zombie,'' ``Army Arrangement'' and >> ``Vagabond in Power.'' >> >> ``For us, he was a monument, a reference point,'' >> prize-winning singer Lokua Kanza of Congo told The >> Associated Press in Paris. ``To hear him was like >> a blast of fresh air, a shock.'' >> >> He became enmeshed in a long-running confrontation >> with military authorities because of his urging >> that young Nigerians become more politically >> active. Troops burned down Fela's house in 1977. >> >> In 1979, Fela and his entourage of wives and >> girlfriends went to the ruling junta's >> headquarters and placed the coffin of his recently >> deceased mother on the steps. Fela said he wanted >> to demonstrate that the power of the state was >> impotent compared to the power of the human >> spirit. >> >> Fela was convicted of illegally exporting foreign >> currency in 1984 and was sentenced to 10 years in >> prison. A year later, the military government of >> Gen. Muhammed Buhari was overthrown by Gen. >> Ibrahim Babangida, who freed Fela. >> >> In March 1996, Fela's home was attacked by gunmen. >> His most recent arrest came April 9. He and about >> 100 others -- including several of his wives -- >> were detained for marijuana use by police drug >> agents who raided his nightclub north of Lagos. >> >> Fela's fans had known for weeks that he was ill, >> but few details about his condition were made >> public before his death. >> >> Ransome-Kuti, who once worked as deputy >> director-general of the World Health Organization, >> used Sunday's news conference to accuse the >> Nigerian government of failing to implement >> effective AIDS programs. He said AIDS cases at >> Lagos University Hospital had risen from less than >> 10 annually to more than 300 since 1992. >> >> Another brother of Fela's -- Beko Ransome-Kuti -- >> is an outspoken political dissident who was >> sentenced to 15 years in prison last year for >> alleged participation in a coup plot. >> >> Home | Sections | Contents | Search | Forums | Help >> >> Copyright 1997 The New York Times Company ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 15:14:29 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message Message-ID: <33E62A15.54715248@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Andrea and fellow List members, Thank you for your message. Before directly answering your questions I would first like to refer you to a message sent by Numukunda Darboe on behalf of the Observer Online Team (formally the Technical and Steering committees) on Thursday 26 June, 1997 to the Gambia-L mailing list. While I will re-send that message shortly, the following is an excerpt that I believe relates to the questions asked: "In order to legally provide a non-taxable US-based online news service, a non-profit and non-political organization called GambiaNet has been formed. The online news service will be offered through GambiaNet. Therefore, having access to the observer will be a result of GambiaNet's services to its members. Instead of having the site under a subsidiary of www.xsite.net, we have adopted a domain for it. The domain name will be www.gambianet.org. For legal and tax reasons, only membership fee for GambiaNet will be charged, and only the members will access the observer online and other important stuff. As I stated earlier, the membership fee will be $20.00. For those of you who have pledged to pay $10.00, you may send that as donation and ask for a fee waiver. The committee will decide on whether the waiver should be granted or not." As you are probably aware, last year Gambia-L list members decided to form two committees, a technical and steering, to try and get the project dubbed "Observer Online" off the ground. Anyone on the list with an interest in joining those committees, which were subsequently referred to as the "Observer Online Team", was free to do so. They were headed by Francis Njie and N'Deye Marie Njie. I was, for example, asked to join to help put together the questionnaire that helped gauge list member's overall response to the project and I have stayed on since. In order to get the organisation registered, bylaws and articles of incorporation had to be drawn up and at least three directors had to be named by law. To facilitate all this we decided to convert the team, the incorporators of GambiaNet Inc., into the Board of Directors so that officers could be officially appointed and the Bylaws adopted for registration. As stated in the draft Bylaws (which I will send shortly), after the first year the Board shall be elected on an annual basis by the organisation's members. The Board of Directors (present name) or the Executive Board (future name) comprises the founders of GambiaNet, the former Observer Online Team. Spread across the USA, Denmark and Qatar, they are: Momodou Camara (Secretary), Soffie Ceesay, Numukunda Darboe (Asst. Sec.), Bassirou Dodou Drammeh, Latir Downes-Thomas, Ndey Kumba Drammeh (Treasurer), Momodou Jagana (Asst. Treas.), Tony Loum, Francis Njie (Chairman), N'deye Marie Njie (Vice Chairman), Isatou Secka and Abdourahman Touray. These were the initial steps that were necessary so that the organisation could be a legal entity and so that we could formally begin enlisting members. We are about to begin the process of enlisting members but since the Observer Online will be our primary service and the one that members will consider the primary reason for joining the organisation, we will wait until the contract with the Observer is drawn and agreed upon before requesting membership, fees and finally beginning the service. This will be done as soon as the Observer Company has sorted out their technical problems. The initial funds to help set up the organisation were drawn from team members. Because the contract with the Observer Company is not complete, we cannot explain the terms but we can say that most of the revenue from the membership fees collected will go towards paying the Observer Company for the Observer Online service. The rest will go towards the costs of running the GambiaNet site where the Observer Online page will be located. In forming the organistion we have tried to make the scope of our potential activities as broad as possible allowing for other similar endeavours in the future and for political and financial reasons, to prevent the Organisation from being seen as solely a conduit of the Daily Observer. The following is what the team has agreed on and is from our Bylaws but is should be known that for the time being our primary focus will be on establishing and running the Observer Online service and working with the Education Committee. 1. Provide for the dissemination of informational, educational and literary material from and about the Gambia to the Internet and other media. 2. Bring and share information about the social, economic and political developments in The Gambia. 3. Provide a forum for exchanging ideas and for discussions on matters related to The Gambia. 4. Promote matters related to The Gambia and Gambian or African cultural heritage. 5. Raise funds for educational purposes in the Gambia and the Gambian diaspora. 6. Include other activities related to Gambia agreed upon by the Board of Directors. 7. Operate on a politically impartial basis and shall not render support or endorsement to, nor shall it denounce, any political group or party in The Gambia and abroad. While the Observer Online service will only be accessible to our members, the GambiaNet web site will be open to all with access to the World Wide Web. It is our goal to make the GambiaNet web site the top Gambian resource on the Internet and with this in mind, any other activity that falls under the above (description of GambiaNet activities) will be funded by donations, any revenue derived from advertising, funding from project partners, and other sources. Any or all those options will be used depending on the activity or project. You asked us to explain "how the NGO relates to [and] intends to co-operate with the "rest" of the list." Some time ago, a poll was taken and about 100 of the 200+ Gambia-L members indicated their willingness to subscribe to an Observer Online Service. Since then others have expressed their interest. As has been explained here, the only feasible way of providing this service was by the steps we have taken that have lead to the forming of the GambiaNet Organisation. Taking all this into consideration, it is our belief that the Organistion was born from the Gambia-L list but once established will remain a closely linked but separate entity. Many members who expressed interest in and eventually formed an education committee have asked that GambiaNet also be used for among other purposes, co-ordination and fund raising. We agreed and amended our draft bylaws appropriately but we would like to make it clear that any activities in this area will be run entirely by the already established Gambia-L Education Committee. Many of us, GambiaNet Board members, are on this Committee and will do everything to help facilitate its activities but only with the consent of the Committee. One of us, Bassirou Dodou Drammeh, has been liaising with Malanding Jaiteh of the Education Committee to determine plans of action. Bass and myself have recently been appointed Public Relations Representatives and we will continue to inform Gambia-L of our progress, activities and all other matters related to GambiaNet. If you have any other questions please feel free to ask them. Sincerely, Latir Gheran Downes-Thomas Public Relations Representative GambiaNet latir@earthlink.net ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 15:25:29 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: [Fwd: GambiaNet Progress Report- 26/6/97] Message-ID: <33E62CA9.6260E239@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="------------C0F7B4A6595063E80F70017A" This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------C0F7B4A6595063E80F70017A Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The following was sent on June 26, 1997 and is being sent in reference to GambiaNet's response to Andrea Klumpp's message dated August 4, 1997. Thanks, Latir Gheran Downes-Thomas Public Relations Representative GambiaNet latir@earthlink.net --------------C0F7B4A6595063E80F70017A Content-Type: message/rfc822 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit Content-Disposition: inline Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (root@lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by holland.it.earthlink.net (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id QAA23708; Thu, 26 Jun 1997 16:11:01 -0700 (PDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.05) with SMTP id QAA17163; Thu, 26 Jun 1997 16:10:13 -0700 Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.05) with ESMTP id QAA28830 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 26 Jun 1997 16:09:39 -0700 Received: from sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu (sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu [130.74.1.71]) by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id QAA01790 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 26 Jun 1997 16:09:36 -0700 Received: from ndarboe by sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu via SMTP (950413.SGI.8.6.12/951211.SGI) for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> id SAA27557; Thu, 26 Jun 1997 18:09:35 -0500 Message-Id: <ndarboe.1217750881F@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> Date: Thu, 26 Jun 97 18:14:01 EDT Reply-To: ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: "Numukunda Darboe(Mba)" <ndarboe@sunset.backbone.olemiss.edu> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: GambiaNet Progress Report X-To: "The Gambia and Related Issues Mailng List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> X-Mailer: VersaTerm Link v1.1.1 X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN We welcome our newest members to Gambia-L; the largest audience of Gambians and friends of the Gambia abroad. We apologize for the tardiness of this progress report which is long overdue. For those of you new members who may not be aware that we are on the process of getting a Gambian newspaper on the internet, I take this opportunity to inform you that a committee, out of this list, has been formed to undertake this formidable task. A while ago, a questionnaire which is readily available through the committee has been sent to every member of the list to ensure better quality service to all subscribers. From the results, we were able to confer that a $20.00 would suffice the expenses necessary to carry out this task on condition that we are able to maintain the over 100 potential members who have pledged to subscribe. Although there are quite a number of people who have pledged to pay more than this amount. We have been hosting trial issues at http://www.xsite.net/~c3p0/observer. This site is one of the committee member's home page. The abrupt discontinuation of trials is because the internet service provider of our correspondent in the Gambia had problems, and therefore we were not able to receive any news letters from the Observer. we will soon resume these trial issues since the Observer has a new internet service provider. Under the trials, we only provide the text with no images. We may continue with this format, but in the future we intend to include some advertisements not necessarily from the Observer's print version, but could be from other parties that are interested in making advertisements through GambiaNet. In order to legally provide a non-taxable US-based online news service, a non-profit and non-political organization called GambiaNet has been formed. The online news service will be offered through GambiaNet. Therefore, having access to the observer will be a result of GambiaNet's services to its members. Instead of having the site under a subsidiary of www.xsite.net, we have adopted a domain for it. The domain name will be www.gambianet.org. For legal and tax reasons, only membership fee for GambiaNet will be charged, and only the members will access the observer online and other important stuff. As I stated earlier, the membership fee will be $20.00. For those of you who have pledged to pay $10.00, you may send that as donation and ask for a fee waiver. The committee will decide on whether the waiver should be granted or not. Some time ago, an announcement was made through the list concerning the adoption of a logo for the organization. Different designs were invited from list members, and the winner was going to have a free one year subscription. Only one person submitted, and it was a very illustrious work. He became the automatic winner. However, he decline the one year free membership, and decided to pay. This person is one of our own committee members Mr. Momodou Camara. The logo can be viewed at: "http://home3.inet.tele.dk/mcamara/logo.htm" This is just one example of how dedicated these committee members are not to mention the various tasks undertaken to obtain certain information including calling the Gambia out of their own pockets. The committee members have already paid their subscriptions in order to start things rolling. The bylaws of the organization are on the process of being drafted and soon as they are ready, they will be made available to the list. GambiaNet site will both host contents from and be linked to other organizations related to the Gambia. A search tool will be available for a keyword search in GambiaNet. Under the GambiaNet, will be the Observer online which will be accessible only by password. Once you login, you will be able to do such things as sending letters to the editor, you can have access to the archives (old issues), and even make a key word or date or both searches on the archives. Ideas on improving the site are more than welcome, and members of Gambia-L can put their organizations on condition that there is an agreement with GambiaNet. I urge all of those of you who have not pledged to become members to please do so. Wouldn't it a pride to be one of the first to access to a native paper online? To be current on issues about the Gambia is the only way to helping us come up with solutions to our problems. This is the grassroots of this list. Numukunda GambiaNet committee --------------C0F7B4A6595063E80F70017A-- ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 15:47:19 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: GambiaNet Bylaws Message-ID: <33E631C7.E3B14776@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit The following is also being sent in reference to the message posted by Andrea Klumpp on August 4, 1997. It is the latest version of the GambiaNet, Inc. Bylaws and Articles of Incorporation. Please note that we are about to have them amended once again but we are posting them so that list members are better acquainted with the organisation. When we are in a position to request membership, we shall properly and formally introduce GambiaNet and those who express an interest it joining will either receive a copy of a Membership Agreement or will have access to it at our web site when it is up and running. Thank You, Latir Downes-Thomas Public Relations Representative GambiaNet latir@earthlink.net ******************************** BY-LAWS OF GAMBIANET, INCORPORATED ARTICLE ONE IDENTITY SECTION (1) NAME: The name of this organization shall be GambiaNet, Incorporated, and it shall be referred to in these By-laws as the Organization. SECTION (2) AFFILIATE: The Organization may be affiliated with any other organization agreed upon by the Board of Directors. ARTICLE TWO OFFICE SECTION (1) PRINCIPAL OFFICE: The Principal office and the place of business of the organization shall be located in Chicago, Illinois, USA or at such place designated by the Board of Directors. ARTICLE THREE PURPOSE The organization shall operate exclusively for not-for-profit purposes within the meaning of section 501(c)(3) of the United States Internal Revenue Code to promote through its members the social, cultural, informational and educational interests of the Gambia throughout the world. It shall: 1. Provide for the dissemination of informational, educational and literary material from and about the Gambia to the Internet and other media. 2. Bring and share information about the social, economic and political developments in The Gambia. 3. Provide a forum for exchanging ideas and for discussions on matters related to the Gambia 4. Promote matters related to the Gambia and Gambian or African cultural heritage. 5. Raise funds for educational purposes in the Gambia and the Gambian diaspora. 6. Include other activities related to Gambia agreed upon by the Board of Directors. 7. Operate on a politically impartial basis and shall not render support or endorsement to, nor shall it denounce, any political group or party in The Gambia and abroad. ARTICLE FOUR FISCAL YEAR The fiscal year of the organization shall begin on the first day of July of each year and shall end on the last day of June of the following year. ARTICLE FIVE MEMBERSHIP SECTION (1) GENERAL MEMBERSHIP Membership shall be open to any individual who expresses an interest in The Gambia and the activities of the Organization as stated in the Bylaws and shall be referred to in these By-laws as the General Membership. Members of the Organization shall be allowed to enjoy all the privileges of membership agreed upon by the Board of Directors. SECTION (2) DIRECTORS (A) DEFINED: There shall be a Board of Directors and it shall be referred to in these By-laws as the Board. Its members shall consist of at least three Directors. (B) ELIGIBILITY: Any individual with an interest in the purpose and activities of the organization and is willing and able to assist in meeting the organization's objectives and the conduct of the organization's activities shall be deemed eligible as a Director. (C) ELECTION/ APPOINTMENT: After the first year of operation, Directors shall be elected by members of the Organization on the recommendation of the Board. Members shall vote by electronic mail or any other method agreed upon by the Board. (D) DUTIES: The Board shall be elected to act on behalf of the general membership of the Organization on the administration of the Organization and its activities, any activities stated in the articles of Incorporation, and any activities agreed upon by the Board. All action taken by the Board shall be deemed agreed upon by resolution passed by a vote of simple majority unless otherwise specified in the Bylaws. The Board shall appoint any member to act on its behalf. The Board shall form any committee or sub-committee on behalf of the Organization. (E) TERM OF OFFICE: Directors shall be elected and appointed for a term of one year. (F) REMOVAL OF A MEMBER: The dismissal of a member of the Board shall be warranted if the member concerned engages in any repeated action deemed by the Board to be detrimental to the Organization's interests. Any member of the Board who engages in any action so deemed by the Board shall be first warned and if the offending action is repeated, the Board shall consider the possibility of additional warnings or dismissal. SECTION (3) ADVISORY BOARD (A) DEFINED: There shall be an Advisory Board which will consist of members of the Organization appointed by the Board. (B) DUTIES: The function of the Advisory Board shall be to examine issues and questions presented by the Board as to options and courses of actions available to the Board. SECTION (4) MEMBERSHIP DUES AND DONATION (A) DEFINED: The General Membership shall be required to pay annual dues agreed upon by the Board for various categories of membership defined by the Board. (B) DONATIONS: In addition to payment of annual dues, donations from members as well as non members, will be welcomed. ARTICLE SIX MEETINGS SECTION (1) ANNUAL MEETING: Annual meetings that include the Board and the General Membership may take place at any time agreed upon by the Board. SECTION (2) OTHER MEETINGS: There shall be other regular, committee, Board or special meetings as necessary in meeting the objectives of the organization. SECTION (3) PLACE AND MANNER OF METTINGS: All meetings shall be conducted in a manner and place agreed upon by the Board. SECTION (4) NOTICE: The Board shall issue written notices of annual or special meetings stating the time, place and purpose of the said meeting in a method agreed upon by the Board. SECTION (5) ACTIONS BY UNANIMOUS WRITTEN CONSENT: Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board shall individually or collectively consent in writing to such action(s) by a method agreed upon by the Board. SECTION (6) PROXIES: Proxy voting shall be allowed for all votes by the Board and the General Membership. The Board shall require reasonable advance notice, in any manner agreed upon, of the proxy arrangement from both the member concerned and his or her intended proxy. ARTICLE SEVEN ORGANIZATION ACTIONS SECTION (1) LOANS: No loan shall be contracted on behalf of the Organization and no evidence of indebtedness shall be issued in the Organization's name unless authorized by a resolution of the Board. SECTION (2) CHECKS, DRAFTS ETC. All checks, draft orders for payment of money shall be signed by an officer or officers as authorized by a resolution of the Board. SECTION (3) INDEMNIFICATION. The Organization shall indemnify each of its Officers or Agents against liabilities and claims arising out of the reasonable and diligent performance of duties as Officers or Agents of the Organization. The Individual shall have no right to indemnification, compensation or reimbursement, however, in liabilities and claims to which he or she has been adjudged liable to the Organization or any third party because of willful misconduct, bad faith, gross negligence or reckless disregard of the duties of his or her office or capacity as a representative of the Organization. ARTICLE EIGHT PROHIBITED ACTIONS SECTION (1) The Organization shall not possess or exercise any power or authority either expressly or by interpretation, or by operation of law that will prevent it, at any time, from qualifying as an Organization as described in applicable laws of the United States Internal Revenue Service, nor shall it engage in activities which shall cause the loss of such qualifications. SECTION (2) The Organization shall never be operated for the sole and primary purpose of carrying out a trade or business for profit. SECTION (3) At no time shall the Organization be engaged in activities which are unlawful under the laws of the United States or The Gambia or any other jurisdiction where its activities are carried out. ARTICLE NINE INUREMENT OF INCOME SECTION (1) No part of the earnings of the Organization shall inure to the benefits of, or distributed to, its Directors, Officers, Agents or Members except that which the Organization shall be empowered to pay for reasonable services rendered or reimbursement for personal expenses incurred on behalf of the Organization. ARTICLE TEN AMENDMENTS OF BY-LAWS AND ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION These By-Laws and Articles of Incorporation can be amended or repealed and a new Articles of Incorporation and By-Laws may be adopted at any meeting provided the proposed changes have been submitted to each Board of Director with the notice of such meeting, and provided further the right of the waiver of notice shall not apply. In order for amendments or repeals to be adopted, two thirds (66.7%) of Board members (Directors) must vote in the affirmative. ARTICLE ELEVEN DISSOLUTION Upon termination or dissolution of the Organization, assets shall be distributed to, after payments or provisions for payment, of all liabilities of the Organization which were incurred in furtherance of legitimate purpose of the Organization, a non-for-profit organization organized for the purpose of education and development in Africa. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 00:04:14 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New members Message-ID: <19970804230611.AAA39620@LOCALNAME> Gambia-l, Lee Jallow has been added to the list. Welcome to the Gambia-l, Mr.Jallow we look forward to your contributions. Please send a brief introduction to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Momodou Camara ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 18:10:07 -0400 (EDT) From: Momodou Musa Janneh <mmjanneh@utkux.utcc.utk.edu> To: gambia-l@u.Washington.edu Subject: For PAMAMBOUNA BOJANG Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.94.970804175715.19634B-100000@utkux4.cas.utk.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII I need the E-Mail address of PAMAMBOUNA BOJANG. If anyone have it please reply me as soon as possible.I know he's hiding somewhere in Kentucky with Badaaring. What's up in the sky doc???? ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 18:13:23 -0400 (EDT) From: EStew68064@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <970804181117_-188123264@emout03.mail.aol.com> In a message dated 8/4/97 3:47:07 AM, you wrote: <<You could say: "nbeng lala" meaning I want to lie down Or you could say: "kaa lala" meaning to arrange a number of things piece by piece beside each other. Regards Bassss! Basss! Barrakka ning Kaira Liz Stewart Fatti ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 21:28:40 +0100 From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: "gambia-l" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Development of SubSaharan Africa 4 Message-ID: <B0000002921@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit This is forwarded from "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> (pmj@commit.gm) People, First, I am eager for some comments and feedback..I want this discourse to be interactive..some of my positions I think are very controversial and I leave a lot of openings so please people..jump in..and let me defend my flanks..there should not be any quarters in the BANTABA... ......it seems traditinally our socialism is derived from our societal make-up..we tend to share..selfish-ism is frown upon and it is our house..not my house..SUNU KERR not SUMA KERR and also it is I believe a REACTION against CAPITALIST EXPLOITATION of Africa..the sale of HUMANS is the ULTIMATE CAPITALISM 30 years after ..Africans are moving away from Scientific SOCIALISM in the form of CENTRAL PLANNING..it has failed us and it has failed mostly everywhere..but more succinctly..the ANTI-WEALTH posture of Scientific Socialism.the idea that all WEALTH must be derived from the Exploitation of Man by Man is very UN-AFRICAN.. We have I believe a SUPERIOR FORM of SOCIAL WELFARISM..that acknowledges and rewards INDIVIDUALS that share WEALTH by the EXTENDED FAMILY, by POLYGAMY and even the freedom of relation amongst the SEXES.. here I am strictly confining my self to AUTHENTIC AFRICAN MORES..not ISLAMIZED AFRICA nor CHRISTIANIZED AFRICA...the wealthier an AFRICAN was the more wives he had..and by extension his responsibilty increases..taking into account the families and relatives of the wives..long time neighbours are family..distant kinsmen..people sharing the family name and the OPEN DOOR..anyone is welcome at any time for MEALS, HELP etc.. This is what I called African Social Welfare..but it never tried to prevent the CREATION of Wealth..Wealth is not GLORIFIED and WORSHIPPED as in the West but NEITHER is scorned as in SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISM.. Currently most of our policies and ATTITUDE is ANTI-WEALTH.. I support a progressive Income tax.the more you make the more you pay but not exorbitant..in fact small people and businesses are the most affected..In The Gambia for example to set a Limited Liability Company, there is a PRE-TAX of about D5000 in addition to all licenses and fees..and depending on how well of you look..the more you may pay.. The Gambia has probably one of the most LIBERAL economic set ups but the ATTITUDE is still ANTI-WEALTH..it is still ADVERSARIAL..note also that the CIVIL SERVANTS are still the SAME half- and/or MIS- EDUCATED ones mostly from the COLONIAL ERA or even with a worse attitude are our SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISTS..they forget that even the creation of 1 position or job for one man or woman that supports ONE FAMILY is enough to warrant thesupport of Govt. supportive. In comtemporal Africa we need to concentrate on the CREATION OF WEALTH..we need 1% of 35000 tax-paying businesses than 35% of 100 tax-paying businesses..there are no authentic Gambian companies over 20 years old..they are old bankrupt or defunct..the only ones remaining are Lebanese or Indian..(this is telling cos if one looks deeply into the matter..you discoover that on average..the Lebanese and Indians are poorer-educated..but they have developed a superior network and it seems we..the Africans work better against each other than with or for each other..another topic) I will pause for breath and again folks ..please come in.. bye & peace pmj ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 22:47:29 +0100 From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Develop. of subsaharan Africa :rejoinders Message-ID: <B0000002922@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit This is forwarded from "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> (pmj@commit.gm) Absjorn & People, my apologies for the emphasis on WHITE..unfortunately the fact that over 95% of consultants here tend to be WHITE EUROPEANS have resulted in my oversight..but as you rightly commented..it still does not vary the facts..a second point is that a cursory survey of all the ADB ...TA.vehicles..that is African Development Bank..Technical Assistance or Assistant ( that is the Red Number Plate of ADB contracted consultants..almost all were driven by whites..it is almost like ADB..TA is for Whites only..these are strong perceptions even if they are mis-construed)..another reason I guess and I must admit for my STRONG FEELINGS is that today I RECEIVED A FOUR DAY SUSPENSION WITHOUT PAY ( amounts to D300 on my D2400 Monthly salary as HEAD OF CIVIL AERODROME ENGINEERING SECTION at the AIRPORT) for STANDING UP and DEMANDING TO BE TREATED WITH THE SAME RESPECT THAT WAS ACCORDED MY FORMER COUNTERPART (CONSULTANT) WHO LEFT 3 MONTHS AGO..This amounted to RUDENESS & INSURBODINATION ..this is unfortunately THE EXISTING REALITY..I am considering LEAVING again for the WEST..I am not sorry though because I chose to STAND up..one DIRECTOR lamented that I was QUITE RIGHT but that is the WAY things are..he had faced the SAME..Maybe I am dumb..but I think at the very least..we should speak out..not just secure our places..I may lose my job but IT IS OKAY..a little PRICE TO PAY I however appreciate the fact that we (humankind) have come a long way and where as in this discourse I am concentrating on SubSaharan Africa ..it is pertinent to a lot of other places..the future as you rightly said is OURS Mr Lamin, I will also add you may think 45000 is not a lot but that is the existing demand on backlog..open up and let the Market dictate..Gamtel opened up so many possibilities including this discourse..I do not want our existing lack of financial wherewithal to limit our possibilities..the problem with our corporate structures I believe is the CIVIL SERVICE MENTALITY..whether you work or not..produce or not..perform or not..you get paid.you get a RAISE..there is no incentive to produce and innovate..NO BODY CARES..it is a NAMELESS, FACELESS and CARELESS system..we all pay the price..everytime a GAMTEL or UHC FAILS, the tab is picked up mostly by the poor farmers that produce the BULK of our wealth..there was a funny fact..(which makes it sad) that GUC blew I think 5 or 6 Generators in so many years..something to that effect..including a case when one generator was sabotaged by disgruntled workers..did anyone go to jail? was anyone punished? basically nobody paid a price for this misdeed that cost this poor nation..everytime an incompetent person is left on the job..these are dis-services to the Nation..i) a more competent person was denied the job..ii) the nation loses for a job not done well or as best as possible..maybe 1 or 2 or one family was helped..a million pay the price.. a big problem is private sympathy..i feel sorry for him..i feel sorry for a million..a short true story..2 years ago I was appointed as head of civil engineering at the airport..my chief mason was atleast 68 years old and could not even lay a straight wall..a fact..the guy has been there since time immemorial..was a labourer appointed Chief Mason to give a bigger salary..every year his contract is renewed and all the relevant persons will put favourable comments..I came..the guy could not lay a stringht wall..I demanded a second qualified mason for my works...I was told there was no vacant position unless I replace this guy..now at the end of contract..the position was advertised and I proposed to fill it with a YOUNGER, MORE EDUCATED & COMPETETNT man..everyone called me to lobby for this poor man..what would happen to his family..now there are 100s of younger better trained masons waiting and ready to provide for their families..and that salary is paid by the Gambians to SOMEONE to do the job so that we make money or maintain a SERVICE in our NATIONAL INTEREST..I refused of course and there is now a 30 year old man doing an excellent job..you wonder why the SYSTEM is not working..I believe I KNOW a lot why the SYSTEM IS NOT WORKING..of course what I did or was supposed to have done was not POPULAR..PUBLIC OFFICE is not our private domain to help at will I PERSONALLY feel SORRY but I am HERE to do a JOB not to run a CHARITY I will stop here for now.. peace pmj in a fighting mood.. ps..i doubt i can leave..i am here for the marathon.. ---------- From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa Date: Monday, August 04, 1997 10:58 AM Pa Musa Jalow and Abdoulie Dibba, thanks a lot for your contributions. Now we come close to what I´m asking for. Let me first say that most of it only get me to repeat what I have been saying since my first visit to your country in 1979: Focus and priority should be put on: -education - agriculture- food production and -manufactury- and export - infrastructure - clean water supply for every compound, sanitary, electricity (river-/wind-/solarcell-energy) for every compound, roads-traffic (river-transportation ?) - primary health care etc... And the future is in your own hands (DEPENDENCY) and you must believe and trust in yourself (ATTITUDE). Thanks for the example: As an educated engineer you are payed an annual salary of $ 2700, but the WHITE consultant is payed up to $ 250.000. When I earlier asked what should a decent salary be, I was thinking exactly on this problem. How can anyone expect any of you, who is needed in the Gambia, to go home and serve the country, the people, if your are not appreciated. I asked for "every-day-heroes" and "people to look up to", and I asked for both sacrifices but also respect for you and your jobs. Let´s say that a decent salary for an engineer should be $ 3.000 or 4.000 or 5.000 so they could raise a family, help the extended family, there could still be employed 40 to 50 skilled, educated gambian engineers for the amount that one FOREIGN consultant is payed. And that is only engineers, what about those of you who are educated into medicine, agriculture, computor-technology, science etc. The "brain-drain" must be stopped. And to me it´s only a question on WILL and PLANNING. That was my comment. Now a personal question. Why do you emphazise it is a WHITE consultant ? Could it not have been a BLACK one, from USA f.in. ? And for the information. It´s only 50 years since all danish children got the chance of comming to school, in rural areas up til 30 years ago, they only whent every second day, and not when their work was needed in the farming. It was in the eaarly ´60´s we got enough public schools. It´s not more than 20 years ago that we, living in the "far west", has got our own highschools, so youngsters from our part of the country could also get the chance of getting better education, and it´s only within the last 10 years time, that up to 50 % of a class/year continued to highschool. So we are not so much ahead of the Gambia. In the periods when the european incursions took place, at the same time most of the european countries were fighting each others, killings, burnings, oppression, and at the same period we had the highest migration-figures ever seen, many millions of europeans emigrated to USA, Canada, Australia, etc. If we can understand why the europeans managed to do all this, then we can learn from our history. As you maybe don´t always want to be grouped under the mass-designation "africa south of Sahara", you must understand, that we "europeans" never has understand each others as one people - "europeans". It´s the opposite that characterize us. We see each other as different nationalities, which has very little (or some should say very much ) in commen. The "blind" competition among us, is the glove that bind us. (PS: I have just heard on the radion that the muslims who under protection and promises returned to their Bosnian homes, has been threatened out again, the authourities who should protect them has just offered busses, so they could get rid of them even faster, and the etnic cleansning continues. That´s also Europe). Asbjørn Nordam ---------- ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 4 Aug 1997 19:49:25 -0400 (EDT) From: "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: msjaiteh@mtu.edu (Malanding S. Jaiteh) Subject: Re: GambiaNet: In response to Andrea's message Message-ID: <199708042349.TAA28440@hemlock.ffr.mtu.edu> Content-Type: text Latir you wrote: > > Andrea and fellow List members, > > Thank you for your message. Before directly answering your questions I > would first like to refer you to a message sent by Numukunda Darboe on > behalf of the Observer Online Team (formally the Technical and Steering > committees) on Thursday 26 June, 1997 to the Gambia-L mailing list. > While I will re-send that message shortly, the following is an excerpt > that I believe relates to the questions asked: > > "In order to legally provide a non-taxable US-based online news service, > a non-profit and non-political organization called GambiaNet has been > formed. The online news service will be offered through GambiaNet. > Therefore, having access to the observer will be a result of GambiaNet's > services to its members. Instead of having the site under a subsidiary > of www.xsite.net, we have adopted a domain for it. The domain name will > be www.gambianet.org. For legal and tax reasons, only membership fee > for GambiaNet will be charged, and only the members will access the > observer online and other important stuff. As I stated earlier, the > membership fee will be $20.00. For those of you who have pledged to pay > $10.00, you may send that as donation and ask for a fee waiver. The > committee will decide on whether the waiver should be granted or not." > > As you are probably aware, last year Gambia-L list members decided to > form two committees, a technical and steering, to try and get the > project dubbed "Observer Online" off the ground. Anyone on the list > with an interest in joining those committees, which were subsequently > referred to as the "Observer Online Team", was free to do so. They were > headed by Francis Njie and N'Deye Marie Njie. I was, for example, asked > to join to help put together the questionnaire that helped gauge list > member's overall response to the project and I have stayed on since. > > In order to get the organisation registered, bylaws and articles of > incorporation had to be drawn up and at least three directors had to be > named by law. To facilitate all this we decided to convert the team, > the incorporators of GambiaNet Inc., into the Board of Directors so that > officers could be officially appointed and the Bylaws adopted for > registration. As stated in the draft Bylaws (which I will send > shortly), after the first year the Board shall be elected on an annual > basis by the organisation's members. The Board of Directors (present > name) or the Executive Board (future name) comprises the founders of > GambiaNet, the former Observer Online Team. Spread across the USA, > Denmark and Qatar, they are: Momodou Camara (Secretary), Soffie Ceesay, > Numukunda Darboe (Asst. Sec.), Bassirou Dodou Drammeh, Latir > Downes-Thomas, Ndey Kumba Drammeh (Treasurer), Momodou Jagana (Asst. > Treas.), Tony Loum, Francis Njie (Chairman), N'deye Marie Njie (Vice > Chairman), Isatou Secka and Abdourahman Touray. > > These were the initial steps that were necessary so that the > organisation could be a legal entity and so that we could formally begin > enlisting members. We are about to begin the process of enlisting > members but since the Observer Online will be our primary service and > the one that members will consider the primary reason for joining the > organisation, we will wait until the contract with the Observer is drawn > and agreed upon before requesting membership, fees and finally beginning > the service. This will be done as soon as the Observer Company has > sorted out their technical problems. > > The initial funds to help set up the organisation were drawn from team > members. Because the contract with the Observer Company is not > complete, we cannot explain the terms but we can say that most of the > revenue from the membership fees collected will go towards paying the > Observer Company for the Observer Online service. The rest will go > towards the costs of running the GambiaNet site where the Observer > Online page will be located. > > In forming the organistion we have tried to make the scope of our > potential activities as broad as possible allowing for other similar > endeavours in the future and for political and financial reasons, to > prevent the Organisation from being seen as solely a conduit of the > Daily Observer. The following is what the team has agreed on and is from > our Bylaws but is should be known that for the time being our primary > focus will be on establishing and running the Observer Online service > and working with the Education Committee. > > 1. Provide for the dissemination of informational, educational and > literary material from and about the Gambia to the Internet and other > media. > 2. Bring and share information about the social, economic and political > developments in The Gambia. > 3. Provide a forum for exchanging ideas and for discussions on > matters related to The Gambia. > 4. Promote matters related to The Gambia and Gambian or African > cultural heritage. > 5. Raise funds for educational purposes in the Gambia and the Gambian > diaspora. > 6. Include other activities related to Gambia agreed upon by the Board > of Directors. > 7. Operate on a politically impartial basis and shall not render > support or endorsement to, nor shall it denounce, any political group or > party in The Gambia and abroad. > > While the Observer Online service will only be accessible to our > members, the GambiaNet web site will be open to all with access to the > World Wide Web. It is our goal to make the GambiaNet web site the top > Gambian resource on the Internet and with this in mind, any other > activity that falls under the above (description of GambiaNet > activities) will be funded by donations, any revenue derived from > advertising, funding from project partners, and other sources. Any or > all those options will be used depending on the activity or project. > > You asked us to explain "how the NGO relates to [and] intends to > co-operate with the "rest" of the list." > > Some time ago, a poll was taken and about 100 of the 200+ Gambia-L > members indicated their willingness to subscribe to an Observer Online > Service. Since then others have expressed their interest. As has been > explained here, the only feasible way of providing this service was by > the steps we have taken that have lead to the forming of the GambiaNet > Organisation. Taking all this into consideration, it is our belief that > the Organistion was born from the Gambia-L list but once established > will remain a closely linked but separate entity. > > Many members who expressed interest in and eventually formed an > education committee have asked that GambiaNet also be used for among > other purposes, co-ordination and fund raising. We agreed and amended > our draft bylaws appropriately but we would like to make it clear that > any activities in this area will be run entirely by the already > established Gambia-L Education Committee. Many of us, GambiaNet Board > members, are on this Committee and will do everything to help facilitate > its activities but only with the consent of the Committee. One of us, > Bassirou Dodou Drammeh, has been liaising with Malanding Jaiteh of the > Education Committee to determine plans of action. > > Bass and myself have recently been appointed Public Relations > Representatives and we will continue to inform Gambia-L of our progress, > activities and all other matters related to GambiaNet. > > If you have any other questions please feel free to ask them. > > Sincerely, > > Latir Gheran Downes-Thomas > Public Relations Representative > GambiaNet > latir@earthlink.net > Latir, I should commend you for your efforts to clarify a few issues Andrea raised. However, there remain a number of things that are to me confusing and difficult to understand. It is a good an idea perhaps a necessity to form an umbrella organization to oversee the different activities Gambia-L members might want to do. However, the committee that took this task upon itself made some serious oversights. First, I would want to know whether the Gambia-l membership had been informed of the need to form a non-profit organization inorder to get the Observer online? Has the new organization replaced Gambia-L? If so has the entire list membership gained automatic membership to GambiNet Inc? You mentioned adopting the Bylaws to register the organization, How can the committe draft and adopt the bylaws for GambiaNet Inc to register and no word mentioned to the entire Gambia-L membership? You mentioned that "Because the contract with the Observer Company is not complete, we cannot explain the terms but we can say most of the revenue from the membership fees collected will go towards paying the Observer Company for the Online service....." Why can't the entire Gambia-L see what deal we are going into with the Observer? What do you mean when you say " We agreed and amended our draft bylaws appropriately but we would like to make it clear that any activity in this area will be run entirely by the already established Gambia-L Education Commiittee"? Finally you mentioned that "..Bassirou Doudou Drammeh, has been liasing with Malanding Jaiteh of the Education Committee to determine plans of action." Can Bassirou informed the membership whatever he and Malanding had liased on the matter. These are some of the many questions that may help me clarify things before I can make any comments. Malanding Jaiteh ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? Message-ID: <33E6A2CE.76A3@iglou.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ------------------------------ Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:47:57 PDT From: "Omar Gassama" <kassama@hotmail.com> To: paomar@iglou.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? Message-ID: <199708050647.XAA22126@f61.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 10:11:21 +0200 From: "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO Message-ID: <199708050817.KAA16284@d1o2.telia.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hello Jainaba Diallo, A number of us out here are wondering if you are Jainaba who lives in Märsta (Sweden) or not. Kindly feel very welcome to this Bantaaba, but please appreciate that this enquiry is this open as you did not provide us with an introduction of yourself. Besides, since you are using hotmail, it is rather impossible to make the enquiry private. Best regards, Momodou Sidibeh. ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 11:15:25 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: developm. of subsaharan africa Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F32190311010C6@dkdifs02.dif.dk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Pa Musa Jallow,=20 I like your style - it=B4s direct and harsh. But sometimes one has to = be so.=20 First tell me how is it possible that you have such a "strange" rules- and regulation-system in the labour-market, which can cause you a suspension for standing up and demanding. It=B4s old-fashion leadership and I have never in modern time heard anything like that. To be active into discussions, personel planning interviews, ideas and opinion-making are qualifications we ask for in a modern company or institution. It shows that you are interested, entusiastic etc. Well we all have to be polite, but saying what we = feel, think and mean can only devellop our firm, institution, the climate among us, bring us forward. Is this normal practice in The Gambia, who can decide and give such punishments, and how is it regulated in the working-conditions or contract signed ? What about unions ? I=B4m = really interested, because respect for one another and freedom to speech must be fundamental in coorporation. You wrote: I RECEIVED A FOUR DAY SUSPENSION WITHOUT PAY ( amounts to D300 on my D2400 Monthly salary as HEAD OF CIVIL AERODROME ENGINEERING SECTION at the AIRPORT) for STANDING UP and DEMANDING TO BE TREATED = WITH THE SAME RESPECT THAT WAS ACCORDED MY FORMER COUNTERPART (CONSULTANT) WHO LEFT 3 MONTHS AGO The next you wrote is very interesting: "We have I believe a SUPERIOR FORM of SOCIAL WELFARISM..that acknowledges and rewards INDIVIDUALS = that share WEALTH by the EXTENDED FAMILY, by POLYGAMY and even the freedom = of relation amongst the SEXES.. here I am strictly confining my self to AUTHENTIC AFRICAN MORES..not ISLAMIZED AFRICA nor CHRISTIANIZED AFRICA...the wealthier an AFRICAN was the more wives he had..and by extension his responsibilty increases..taking into account the families and relatives of the wives..long time neighbours are family..distant kinsmen..people sharing the family name and the OPEN DOOR..anyone is welcome at any time for MEALS, HELP etc.. This is what I called African Social Welfare..but it never tried to prevent the CREATION of Wealth..Wealth is not GLORIFIED and WORSHIPPED as in = the West but NEITHER is scorned as in SCIENTIFIC SOCIALISM.." I think that this "ideal" form of socialism is known in many societies. On my tours I=B4ve seen it being practised. And that collective-way-of-practising daily life in the villages/local societies can form a base on which you can build decentralized decision-making = and action for bettering the conditions. I think that is why many NGO=B4s = in my part of the world feel that it is more benefical to help direct from a group here to a group there. We still have that "social memory" and keep it as a relic, and old dream, which we long for, but know it is = not possible/easy to form again. The socialism as it was practised with centralisation has failed in Europe, but the idea of soocialism is = still active.=20 You gave me something to think about. It is a challenge to combine the necessary need of a central planning state with the great entusiasm among people who can practise the action-plans through local decision-making, and actions, seing things happen through decentralisation and based on the local "socialism". I like you take a thinking and breathing-pause. Regards from Asbj=F8rn Nordam ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 13:43:03 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO Message-ID: <01BCA1A5.82F373C0@dibl.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA1A5.82FC9B80" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA1A5.82FC9B80 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Yes,I am also very interested to know that.That is why it is a rule that = every new commer should introduce herself.So,please,kindly introduce = yourself ! And thanks very much for your cooperation in advance. Regards Bassss! ---------- From: Momodou S Sidibeh[SMTP:momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com] Sent: 05 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 11:11 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: ENQUIRY - JAINABA DIALLO Hello Jainaba Diallo, A number of us out here are wondering if you are Jainaba who lives in M=E4rsta (Sweden) or not. Kindly feel very welcome to this Bantaaba, but please appreciate that this enquiry is this open as you did not provide = us with an introduction of yourself. Besides, since you are using hotmail, = it is rather impossible to make the enquiry private. Best regards, Momodou Sidibeh. =09 ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 13:51:40 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Language, culture, nation-building etc-a reminder Message-ID: <9B236DF9AF96CF11A5C94044F32190311010CC@dkdifs02.dif.dk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable About lauguage, culture, nation building I will just remind you on the fellowing two contributions been put on to our Gambia-L earlier, which I had first seen today: Copyright 1997 InterPress Service, all rights reserved. Worldwide distribution via the APC networks. *** 22-Jul-97 *** Title: LITERATURE-AFRICA: Revolutionary Uses Ink for Bullets By Gumisai Mutume JOHANNESBURG, Jul 26 (IPS) - Soft-spoken and unassuming, Ngugi wa Thiong'o does not behave like the average superstar, but he is regarded by the younger generation as one Africa's most important contemporary writers. .... etc .... etc..... put on to Gambia-L from Momodou Camara 27. july, and in Observer 20.june issue: The Manding Congress 25 Years On At its height in the 13th century, the Mali empire=20 covered the territory of half the countries of West=20 Africa, namely, The Gambia, Senegal, Mali, Sierra Leone,=20 Liberia, Guinea, Ivory Coast and Guinea Bissau. This=20 sprawling empire was home to multitudes of peoples=20 including the Mande stock (Bambara, Malinke, Mende, etc),=20 who were the rulers and a host of other groups like the=20 Wollof, Serere, Fula who were subjects. These people=20 shared not only the common political history of belonging=20 to the Mali empire, but also had linguistic and other=20 cultural ties. .... etc....etc.... I=B4ll not be back until next monday. Asbj=F8rn Nordam ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 8:48:21 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kassama@hotmail.com, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <QQdbhb22403.199708051252@relay7.UU.NET> This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 15:29:33 +0200 From: "Momodou S Sidibeh" <momodou.sidibeh@stockholm.mail.telia.com> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: SV: Development of subsaharan Africa Message-ID: <199708051334.PAA14152@d1o2.telia.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit Hello Mr. Nordam, I only hope that you meant 50% of pupils in Danish schools continue to University or some form of higher institution of learning; and not to HIGH SCHOOL as you wrote? Regards, Momodou Sidibeh ---------- > Från: Asbjørn Nordam <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> > Till: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Ämne: Re: Development of subsaharan Africa > Datum: den 4 augusti 1997 11:58 > > Pa Musa Jalow and Abdoulie Dibba, thanks a lot for your contributions. > Now we come close to what I´m asking for. Let me first say that most of > it only get me to repeat what I have been saying since my first visit to > your country in 1979: Focus and priority should be put on: > -education > - agriculture- food production and -manufactury- and export > - infrastructure - clean water supply for every compound, > sanitary, electricity (river-/wind-/solarcell-energy) for every > compound, roads-traffic (river-transportation ?) > - primary health care etc... > > And the future is in your own hands (DEPENDENCY) and you must believe > and trust in yourself (ATTITUDE). > > Thanks for the example: As an educated engineer you are payed an annual > salary of $ 2700, but the WHITE consultant is payed up to $ 250.000. > When I earlier asked what should a decent salary be, I was thinking > exactly on this problem. How can anyone expect any of you, who is needed > in the Gambia, to go home and serve the country, the people, if your are > not appreciated. I asked for "every-day-heroes" and "people to look up > to", and I asked for both sacrifices but also respect for you and your > jobs. > Let´s say that a decent salary for an engineer should be $ 3.000 or > 4.000 or 5.000 so they could raise a family, help the extended family, > there could still be employed 40 to 50 skilled, educated gambian > engineers for the amount that one FOREIGN consultant is payed. > And that is only engineers, what about those of you who are educated > into medicine, agriculture, computor-technology, science etc. > The "brain-drain" must be stopped. And to me it´s only a question on > WILL and PLANNING. > That was my comment. > > Now a personal question. Why do you emphazise it is a WHITE consultant ? > Could it not have been a BLACK one, from USA f.in. ? > > And for the information. It´s only 50 years since all danish children > got the chance of comming to school, in rural areas up til 30 years ago, > they only whent every second day, and not when their work was needed in > the farming. It was in the eaarly ´60´s we got enough public schools. > It´s not more than 20 years ago that we, living in the "far west", has > got our own highschools, so youngsters from our part of the country > could also get the chance of getting better education, and it´s only > within the last 10 years time, that up to 50 % of a class/year continued > to highschool. So we are not so much ahead of the Gambia. > In the periods when the european incursions took place, at the same time > most of the european countries were fighting each others, killings, > burnings, oppression, and at the same period we had the highest > migration-figures ever seen, many millions of europeans emigrated to > USA, Canada, Australia, etc. If we can understand why the europeans > managed to do all this, then we can learn from our history. As you maybe > don´t always want to be grouped under the mass-designation "africa south > of Sahara", you must understand, that we "europeans" never has > understand each others as one people - "europeans". It´s the opposite > that characterize us. We see each other as different nationalities, > which has very little (or some should say very much ) in commen. The > "blind" competition among us, is the glove that bind us. (PS: I have > just heard on the radion that the muslims who under protection and > promises returned to their Bosnian homes, has been threatened out > again, the authourities who should protect them has just offered busses, > so they could get rid of them even faster, and the etnic cleansning > continues. That´s also Europe). Asbjørn Nordam ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 17:32:36 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <01BCA1C5.E0C88C40@ddcx.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA1C5.E0D02D60" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA1C5.E0D02D60 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr.Ghanim! It is true that many African Languages have borrowed a lot of Islamic = and Commercial words from the Arabic Language as a direct result of the = the one thousand or so years of contact with Arabia,but I cannot agree = with Gassama that LALA in the Mandinka Language has its origin in = Arabic.Because whereas LA in Arabic means NO, in the Mandinka Language, = that same sound does not have the same meaning. Regards Basss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 16:48 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, =20 Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of = =20 it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, = Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks = =20 to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> = -------------------------------------------------------------------------= - =20 -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 17:43:18 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <01BCA1C7.125BC820@ddcx.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA1C7.12636940" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA1C7.12636940 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr. Ghanim! It is evidently true that very many black African Languages have = borrowed Commercial and Islamic words from the Arabic Language as a = direct result of one thousand or so years of contact with Arabia;but I = cannot agree with Gassama that there is a LA sound in the Mandinka = language that means NO, as in Arabic.He will have to explain how that = works before I can be convinced. Keep up the good work down there! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 16:48 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, =20 Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of = =20 it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, = Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks = =20 to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> = -------------------------------------------------------------------------= - =20 -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 11:53:50 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kolls567@qatar.net.qa, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <QQdbhn05849.199708051558@relay7.UU.NET> Basss, I am glad you made the difference in comparison to what Gassama and I said. It is entirely related but quite separate in the transliteration. Also it may be worthwhile mentioning that some legendary beliefs claim that the Fulanis are originally products of intermarriages between the black Africans and some 40 (forty) Arab scholars who were sent to Timbuktu ( a city in Mali that had the only & first library established in the African continent for science and religion ) to learn about science and teach the Islamic religion. So Bass you are also right . We have a lot of similarities like Narri Gannars, Narri Fass, Toukoulors in our area and of course the Hausas in northern Nigeria. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar.net.qa Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 11:00 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? << File: FILE0001.ATT >> << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Mr. Ghanim! It is evidently true that very many black African Languages have borrowed Commercial and Islamic words from the Arabic Language as a direct result of one thousand or so years of contact with Arabia;but I cannot agree with Gassama that there is a LA sound in the Mandinka language that means NO, as in Arabic.He will have to explain how that works before I can be convinced. Keep up the good work down there! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 ____{, 1997 16:48 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 16:13:52 +0100 From: "The Gambia-L shadow list" <gambia-l@commit.gm> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: developm. of subsaharan africa:rejoinder2 Message-ID: <B0000002969@south.commit.gm> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit This is forwarded from "Pa Musa Jallow" <pmj@commit.gm> (pmj@commit.gm) Asbjorn & People, To your question about the "strange" rules & regulations..the answer yes..strange and archaic and colonial..when I objected to a decision affecting me operationally and my productivity..I was told that I COULD NOT QUESTION AN ORDER or INSTRUCTION FROM THE DIRECTOR..you see there is no question of rudeness but the fact that THE DIRECTORS have never been asked to CLARIFY or JUSTIFY an ACTION is enough..my suspension letter reads..from the Director General.. '..for refusing to obey an instruction from your head of department requiring my personal intervention..this kind of behavior will not be tolerated..you are hereby suspended for a period of four days without pay with immediate effect..' when I was asked by the DG why I refused to obey the instruction I submitted that I believed it was UNFAIR and WRONG and I wanted to put my OBJECTION on the record..this was what was interpreted as INSURBORDINATION..now if the DIRECTOR has never been challenged..naturally his reaction will be typical as in my case..la difference..is I will continue to challenge the STATUS QUO and I am not the ONLY one..in fact I am serving my suspension but I intend to petition the BOARD and challenge it..I will also have to read the Service Rules I believe a DISCIPLINARY COMMITTEE should have been called but I am still NEW to the SYSTEM.. If you read back on my writing, i maintained we are still paying a price for the STRAITJACKET COLONIAL EDUCATION..in modern societies..nobody is all-powerful and there is due process..and until the old SYSTEM is challenged and DEFEATED..there can be no development I also recall another similar case when again one senior officer challenged a similar decision..he was called in and advised to apologise..and told in no uncertain terms that "the Director could DOOM him"..exact words..and this has always been the case..the director could write any comments in your Personal File..the basis for your promotion and upgrading..the director may also mis-represent your performance.or deny you the RESOURCES that you need to WORK...so if you want to prosper in the SYSTEM..you have to suck up to the BIG BOSS..it is SICKENING and DISGUSTING but it is the REALITY..it is a small wonder like you said that most of us direly needed experts leave our own countries again my best friend went back to the U.S.A after seating at an EMPTY DESK for 18 months..his conclusion..IT WAS NOT WORTH IT..the frustration and the FUSS over $250 per month as an ELECTRONIC ENGINEER..the little or no worthwhile PRIVATE SECTOR JOBS leave us few ALTERNATIVES p.s. serving my suspension has given me quite some free time..besides i needed a break so let us say that I am not sorry..thanks for your comments but I like being honest..the only way forward is an HONEST APPRAISAL bye for now peace pmj ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 20:31:33 +-300 From: BASSIROU DODOU DRAMMEH <kolls567@qatar.net.qa> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <01BCA1DF.AAB07040@diim.qatar.net.qa> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/mixed; boundary="---- =_NextPart_000_01BCA1DF.AAB99800" ------ =_NextPart_000_01BCA1DF.AAB99800 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Mr.Ghanim! Yes, You are right in alluding to the fact that the mixing of blood = between the arabs and black Africans has been going on from the time = immemorial,but, again, for the records,the legend you refered to cannot = be correct, because Islam reached Black Africa during the eight = century,and the Fullas had existed even before Abraham(the father of = Ishmael,the ancestor of the Arabs) had migrated to Egypt.Some of the = Pharoahs of ancient Egypt had the totemic names of the present day = Fullas eg. Kah,Bah and zet (Sey). So,since history does not take place retroactively,such legends are = nothing more than what they are: LEGENDS! Keep up the good work down there. Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 =D4=DA=C8=C7=E4, 1997 19:53 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? Basss, I am glad you made the difference in comparison to what Gassama and I = said. It is entirely related but quite separate in the transliteration. Also it may be worthwhile mentioning that some legendary beliefs claim = that the Fulanis are originally products of intermarriages between the = black Africans and some 40 (forty) Arab scholars who were sent to =20 Timbuktu ( a city in Mali that had the only & first library established = =20 in the African continent for science and religion ) to learn about =20 science and teach the Islamic religion. So Bass you are also right . We = =20 have a lot of similarities like Narri Gannars, Narri Fass, Toukoulors in = =20 our area and of course the Hausas in northern Nigeria. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar.net.qa Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 11:00 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? << File: FILE0001.ATT >> << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> = -------------------------------------------------------------------------= - =20 -- Mr. Ghanim! It is evidently true that very many black African Languages have =20 borrowed Commercial and Islamic words from the Arabic Language as a direct result = =20 of one thousand or so years of contact with Arabia;but I cannot agree with Gassama that there is a LA sound in the Mandinka =20 language that means NO, as in Arabic.He will have to explain how that works = before =20 I can be convinced. Keep up the good work down there! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 ____{, 1997 16:48 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of = =20 =20 it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, = Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks = =20 =20 to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> = -------------------------------------------------------------------------= - =20 =20 -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** ------------------------------ Date: Tue, 5 Aug 1997 14:42:04 -0500 From: hghanim@nusacc.org To: kolls567@qatar.net.qa, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? Message-ID: <QQdbhz13572.199708051846@relay7.UU.NET> I am sure it goes back all the way to our Patriarch Ibrahim(Abraham) and certainly ADAMA and AWAH from whom we all were created. Maybe the Legend probably means the present day Tauregs or our local Mauritanians in the sub region. I am glad you have added to my knowledge about some of the Phaoric names that relate to the Bahs, Jallows and Seys ..Obviously Africa was inhabited before the European countries proven by the existence of the Pyramids of Egypt. Keep the exchange alive. Best regards Habib -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar.net.qa Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 1:57 PM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? << File: FILE0001.ATT >> << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Mr.Ghanim! Yes, You are right in alluding to the fact that the mixing of blood between the arabs and black Africans has been going on from the time immemorial,but, again, for the records,the legend you refered to cannot be correct, because Islam reached Black Africa during the eight century,and the Fullas had existed even before Abraham(the father of Ishmael,the ancestor of the Arabs) had migrated to Egypt.Some of the Pharoahs of ancient Egypt had the totemic names of the present day Fullas eg. Kah,Bah and zet (Sey). So,since history does not take place retroactively,such legends are nothing more than what they are: LEGENDS! Keep up the good work down there. Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 ____{, 1997 19:53 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? Basss, I am glad you made the difference in comparison to what Gassama and I said. It is entirely related but quite separate in the transliteration. Also it may be worthwhile mentioning that some legendary beliefs claim that the Fulanis are originally products of intermarriages between the black Africans and some 40 (forty) Arab scholars who were sent to Timbuktu ( a city in Mali that had the only & first library established in the African continent for science and religion ) to learn about science and teach the Islamic religion. So Bass you are also right . We have a lot of similarities like Narri Gannars, Narri Fass, Toukoulors in our area and of course the Hausas in northern Nigeria. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kolls567@qatar.net.qa Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 11:00 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: LALA??? << File: FILE0001.ATT >> << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Mr. Ghanim! It is evidently true that very many black African Languages have borrowed Commercial and Islamic words from the Arabic Language as a direct result of one thousand or so years of contact with Arabia;but I cannot agree with Gassama that there is a LA sound in the Mandinka language that means NO, as in Arabic.He will have to explain how that works before I can be convinced. Keep up the good work down there! Regards Bassss! ---------- From: hghanim@nusacc.org[SMTP:hghanim@nusacc.org] Sent: 05 ____{, 1997 16:48 To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List Subject: RE: LALA??? This is to confirm what Gassama said. LAH - in Arabic means NO . There are a lot of Arabic words in many African languages like Hausa, Swahili and in or area especially Fulani languages. Habib Diab Ghanim Ps I just came back from a my vacation (and business). The best part of it was seeing an old friend of mine Emanuel Sang Ndow in Cleveland, Ohio. I was happy to see him after several years of lost communication Thanks to the Gambia-L. Habib -----Original Message----- From: kassama@hotmail.com Sent: Tuesday, August 05, 1997 7:32 AM To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: LALA??? << File: ENVELOPE.TXT >> -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Hellow Fatty, I think that the meaning of this word is an arabic origin that means 'no'in arabic. thus,the meaning is "NO NO"for enphasise. Was salaam gassama ---Original Message Follows---- Date: Mon, 04 Aug 1997 23:49:34 -0400 From: "PA-MAMBUNA O. BOJANG" <paomar@iglou.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: LALA??? LIZ: I don't know if this is what you are looking for, but you could also say "LALA" meaning trust/believe him/her as in :LA-N'NA meaning trust/believe me "ABARAKA" Pa-Mambuna. EStew68064@aol.com wrote: > > SAMBUJANG- GR. DAVID GAMBLE WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THERE IS A MANDINKA WORD > "LALA." ALSO, WHAT DOES THIS WORD MEAN. ANYONE KNOW OUT THERE? > > BARRAKA...LIZ STEWART FATTY ______________________________________________________ Get Your Private, Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ************************************** National U.S.-Arab Chamber of Commerce 1100 New York Avenue, N.W. Suite 550 East Tower Washington, D.C. 20005 Voice: (202) 289-5920 Fax: (202) 289-5938 ************************************** [/quote]   Check here to include your profile signature.