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Momodou
Denmark
11513 Posts |
Posted - 19 Jun 2021 : 16:21:47
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GAMBIA-L Digest 67
Topics covered in this issue include:
1) New member by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 2) RE: POLYGAMY by "Sirra Ndow" <sirra@hotmail.com> 3) Re: POLYGAMY by BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> 4) Re: New member by BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> 5) Air Afrique by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> 6) RE: POLYGAMY by Gunjur@aol.com 7) HIGH COMMISSIONER SUMMONS ME by "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> 8) RE: POLYGAMY by Gunjur@aol.com 9) Re: Air Afrique by Yaya Jallow <yj0001@jove.acs.unt.edu> 10) Re: Air Afrique by ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> 11) Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference by "M. Darboe" <mdarboe@fred.net> 12) Re: Polygamy by Ylva Hernlund <yher@u.washington.edu> 13) Re: Air Afrique by Ylva Hernlund <yher@u.washington.edu> 14) Fwd: Request for information by Andy Lyons <alyons@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu> 15) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 16) [Fwd: shell in nigeria] by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 17) Fwd: Director acts on criticism of U.N. Habitat Centre by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 18) Re: [Fwd: shell in nigeria] by binta@iuj.ac.jp 19) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference by Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> 20) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference by BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> 21) Report Gambia College for Musa Sowe by Olafiaklinikken Olafia <olafia@online.no> 22) RE: Just a Thought (on ALD) by Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> 23) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference by Gunjur@aol.com 24) Mobutu resigns? by Gunjur@aol.com 25) Fwd: Unhealthy Lifestyles Thereaten Human Health by mmjeng@image.dk 26) Re: Just a Thought by ASJanneh@aol.com 27) Re: Air Afrique by sarian@osmosys.incog.com (Sarian Loum) 28) Re: Just a Thought by Gunjur@aol.com 29) Techical problems by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> 30) List Problems by Abdourahman Touray <abdou@cs.columbia.edu> 31) Test by ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> 32) RE: Test by =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> 33) Fwd: Zaireans panic after Mobutu's palace is looted by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 34) Re: Test by ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> 35) Re: just a thought (fwd) by ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> 36) No subject was specified. by bdukuray@login.eunet.no 37) Gambian Delegation In Ghana by mmjeng@image.dk 38) Re: Gambian Delegation In Ghana by binta@iuj.ac.jp 39) Re: Test by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> 40) Re: Test by binta@iuj.ac.jp 41) Re: Test by "M. Njie" <mn015@students.stir.ac.uk> 42) Re: Test by Gunjur@aol.com 43) Re: Fwd: Zaireans panic after Mobutu's palace is looted by Gunjur@aol.com 44) INTRODUCING MYSELF TO THIS FORUM. by "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> 45) Re: just a thought (fwd) by Gunjur@aol.com 46) JObs Africa (fwd) by ndeye marie njie <njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, ndeye.marie.njie@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu 47) More Job opportunities in Africa (fwd) by ndeye marie njie <njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, ndeye.marie.njie@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu 48) Re: Test by Debbie Proctor <proctord@u.washington.edu> 49) Re: Test by "Jobarteh, Momodou" <Momodou.Jobarteh@hordaland.vegvesen.telemax.no> 50) (Fwd) New Book on Niumi History by Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> 51) Re: Air Afrique (fwd) by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> 52) MY DEAR OMAR... WHAT A SMALL WORLD THIS IS INDEED.!!! by "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> 53) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? by Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> 54) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 55) ALD by LatJor Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> 56) Re: ALD by "D. Singhateh" <dawdas@u.washington.edu> 57) Re: ALD by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 58) Zairian by bdukuray@login.eunet.no 59) Re: Test by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 60) African AIDS Guinea pigs? (fwd) by Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> 61) ZAIRE by bdukuray@login.eunet.no 62) Zaire by bdukuray@login.eunet.no 63) Re: African AIDS Guinea pigs? (fwd) by Gunjur@aol.com 64) CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) by Senessie Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> 65) The Observer Online: Additional Demo Issues by Francis Njie <c3p0@xsite.net> 66) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? by "ALPHA ROBINSON" <garob1@cip.hx.uni-paderborn.de> 67) Tailor made constitution. by Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> 68) Re: Test -Reply by SIGGA JAGNE <SJ044947@gwmail.kysu.edu> 69) NEW MEMBER-MISS SIGGA JAGNE by SIGGA JAGNE <SJ044947@gwmail.kysu.edu> 70) Re: Test -Reply by "NJIE OMAR E" <964NJIE@alpha.nlu.edu> 71) re: The Observer Online: Additional Demo Issues by "Edrissa Jarju" <edjarju@usaid.gov> 72) New Member. by "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> 73) New member by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 74) New member by sarian@osmosys.incog.com (Sarian Loum) 75) Re: Tailor made constitution by Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> 76) Re: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) by "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> 77) GREETINGS FROM THE GAMBIA (fwd) by ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> 78) Re: Tailor made constitution. by "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> 79) Re: Tailor made constitution by Gunjur@aol.com 80) Re: Test -Reply by Gunjur@aol.com 81) test by "Bahary Dukuray" <bdukuray@login.eunet.no> 82) Help by bdukuray@login.eunet.no 83) To Understand Zaire, Follow the Money!! by madiba saidy <msaidy@unixg.ubc.ca> 84) U.S. asks Nigeria to detain Gaddafi. by madiba saidy <msaidy@unixg.ubc.ca> 85) LEONARD LARSEN: Kissing Mobutu goodbye (fwd) by Senessie Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> 86) Request for recipes by oleary@arminco.com 87) re: Request for recipes by "Edrissa Jarju" <edjarju@usaid.gov> 88) re: Request for recipes by oleary@arminco.com 89) Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? by "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> 90) Re: Tailor made constitution by "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> 91) Test by Hamedou Drammeh <h.e.drammeh@habo.mail.telia.com> 92) The Art Of War. by Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> 93) In search of a friend by "Adama S. Njie" <njie@online.no> 94) FWD: Introduction from Hamedou Drammeh by momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) 95) Re: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) by Gunjur@aol.com 96) RE: Request for recipes by MAKE THAT VISION A REALITY <ABARROW@rr5.rr.intel.com>
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 12:42:59 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New member Message-ID: <19970504114424.AAE33600@LOCALNAME>
Gambia-l, Hamidou Drammeh has been added to the list. Welcome to the Gambia-l Hamidou, we look forward to your contributions. Please send an introduction of yourself to gambia-l@u.washington.edu
My regards to all the others there in Stockholm. Bass's e-mail is: KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA
Regards Momodou Camara
******************************************************* http://home3.inet.tele.dk/mcamara
**"Start by doing what's necessary, then what's possible and suddenly you are doing the impossible"***
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Date: Sun, 04 May 1997 05:37:43 PDT From: "Sirra Ndow" <sirra@hotmail.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: POLYGAMY Message-ID: <199705041237.FAA20832@f16.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
>> Ancha, >> l think this is where a lot of people are missing the point of the dire= >=3D >ctive >> in the Qu'ran. Clearly, one has to be in a position to afford having mo= >=3D >re >> than one wife and many children. The problem we have here is that those= >=3D > who >> cannot afford this are engaging in it just to satisfy their own lust. T= >=3D >he >> Qu'ran is never out-dated , Allah's wisdom is timeless, it is man's >> understanding of it that is wanting. >>=3D20 >> Jabou > >JABBOU!! > IN A GAMBIA WHERE WOMEN HAVE BEEN ENPOWERED ENOUGH TO HAVE THE >TOOLS AND SKILLS TO TAKE CARE OF AND DEPEND ON THEMSELVES - IN SUCH A >GAMBIA,IT WOULDN'T BE A REQUIREMENT THAT A MAN MUST BE MONEYED BEFORE >THREE WOMEN COULD HAVE HIM AS THEIR PARTNER.IT SOUNDS DISTURBINGLY >CAPITALISTIC TO ME THE SUGGESTION THAT ONLY MEN WITH MONEY SHOULD BE >ALLOWED TO HAVE MULTIPLE FEMALE PARTNERS AT ANY GIVEN TIME.SOME >WELL-TO-DO GAMBIAN MEN ARE VERY INTELLIGENT AND STILL OTHERS HAVE VERY >GOOD QUALITIES (CHARACTER,INTEGRITY,CONSCIENCE AND EVEN PHYSICAL HEALTH >AND ATTRATIVENESS), QUALITIES TOTALLY UNRELATED TO MONEY AND YET >EQUALLY IMPORTANT.SO,REDUCING THE PASS MARK TO ONLY MONEY IS NOT AT ALL >A FARSIGHTED SOLUTION,SAYING NOTHING OF ITS INJUSTICE TO THE MAJORITY >OF MEN AND WOMEN. > > REGARDS BASSSS!!!
I think our friend Bass is jumping to conclusions here. Being able to "afford" multiple wives does not necessary mean financially. One also has to have the time, emotional capacity etc. as well as the "good qualities" mentioned above in my opinion.
Sirra Ndow ======================================================================== sirra@hotmail.com ========================================================================
--------------------------------------------------------- Get Your *Web-Based* Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ---------------------------------------------------------
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Date: Sat, 04 May 1996 17:48:24 +0300 From: BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: POLYGAMY Message-ID: <318B6E38.763D@QATAR.NET.QA> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Sirra Ndow wrote: > > >> Ancha, > >> l think this is where a lot of people are missing the point of the dire= > >=3D > >ctive > >> in the Qu'ran. Clearly, one has to be in a position to afford having mo= > >=3D > >re > >> than one wife and many children. The problem we have here is that those= > >=3D > > who > >> cannot afford this are engaging in it just to satisfy their own lust. T= > >=3D > >he > >> Qu'ran is never out-dated , Allah's wisdom is timeless, it is man's > >> understanding of it that is wanting. > >>=3D20 > >> Jabou > > > >JABBOU!! > > IN A GAMBIA WHERE WOMEN HAVE BEEN ENPOWERED ENOUGH TO HAVE THE > >TOOLS AND SKILLS TO TAKE CARE OF AND DEPEND ON THEMSELVES - IN SUCH A > >GAMBIA,IT WOULDN'T BE A REQUIREMENT THAT A MAN MUST BE MONEYED BEFORE > >THREE WOMEN COULD HAVE HIM AS THEIR PARTNER.IT SOUNDS DISTURBINGLY > >CAPITALISTIC TO ME THE SUGGESTION THAT ONLY MEN WITH MONEY SHOULD BE > >ALLOWED TO HAVE MULTIPLE FEMALE PARTNERS AT ANY GIVEN TIME.SOME > >WELL-TO-DO GAMBIAN MEN ARE VERY INTELLIGENT AND STILL OTHERS HAVE VERY > >GOOD QUALITIES (CHARACTER,INTEGRITY,CONSCIENCE AND EVEN PHYSICAL HEALTH > >AND ATTRATIVENESS), QUALITIES TOTALLY UNRELATED TO MONEY AND YET > >EQUALLY IMPORTANT.SO,REDUCING THE PASS MARK TO ONLY MONEY IS NOT AT ALL > >A FARSIGHTED SOLUTION,SAYING NOTHING OF ITS INJUSTICE TO THE MAJORITY > >OF MEN AND WOMEN. > > > > REGARDS BASSSS!!! > > I think our friend Bass is jumping to conclusions here. Being able to > "afford" multiple wives does not necessary mean financially. One also > has to have the time, emotional capacity etc. as well as the "good > qualities" mentioned above in my opinion. > > Sirra Ndow > ======================================================================== > sirra@hotmail.com > ======================================================================== > > --------------------------------------------------------- > Get Your *Web-Based* Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com > ---------------------------------------------------------
SIRRA!! IF BOTH YOU AND JABBOU DON'T THINK OF MONEY WHEN THE WORD Afford IS MENTIONED,THEN I CAN'T HAVE ANY QUARRELS WITH YOU ON THIS POINT.I JUST DON'T WANT US TO PUT MUCH BURDEN ON MEN SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY ARE NORMALLY SEEN AS THE ONES ENJOYING MOST IN A POLYGAMOUS RELATIONSHIP.I PERSONALLY DON'T THINK THAT THAT IS CORRECT ONE BIT.BUT ANYWAY,THE PEOPLE I HAD IN MIND WERE THE GAMBIAN WOMEN IN IN THE RURAL AREAS:THE REASON WHY POLYGAMY IS WORKING ALMOST IN A CLOCKWORK FASHION IN THAT PART OF THE GAMBIA IS THAT RURAL WOMEN DON'T REALLY DEPEND ON THEIR MEN AND DON'T REALLY NEED THEM TO BE AROUND THEM ALL THE TIME.IN SUCH LIBERATING ATMOSPHERE,BOTH GENDERS COULD PLAY THEIR BIOLOGICAL ROLES WITHOUT THE ONE SOFFOCATING THE OTHER-THE THINGS THAT WOMEN LIKE AND ENJOY ARE NOT ALWAYS THE SAME AS THE ONES MEN LIKE AND ENJOY- THAT OFCOURSE CANNOT BE SAID OF THE CONFUSED STATE OF AFFAIRS IN OUR URBAN AREAS!
REGARDS BASSSS!! -- SZDDˆð'3Af¨
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Date: Sat, 04 May 1996 16:53:09 +0300 From: BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: New member Message-ID: <318B6145.7B76@QATAR.NET.QA> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
Camara, Momodou wrote: > > Gambia-l, > Hamidou Drammeh has been added to the list. Welcome to the Gambia-l > Hamidou, we look forward to your contributions. Please send an > introduction of yourself to gambia-l@u.washington.edu > > My regards to all the others there in Stockholm. > Bass's e-mail is: KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA > > Regards > Momodou Camara > > ******************************************************* > http://home3.inet.tele.dk/mcamara > > **"Start by doing what's necessary, then what's > possible and suddenly you are doing the impossible"***
MR.DRAMMEH!! ITS ABOUT TIME TO HAVE ALL OF YOU SMART GAMBIANS IN STOCKHOLM ALSO JOIN THE FOLD.SO,OUR WARMEST WELCOME TO YOU MR. DRAMMEH.PLEASE,PERSUADE THE REST,ESPECIALLY,MY SCIENTIST,MR.SIDIBEH.I HAVE NO DOUBT WHATSOEVER IN MY MIND THAT THIS IS THE FINEST MEDIUM ANY OF YOU COULD PARTICIPATE IN.
SO,ONCE AGAIN, A GREAT W-E-L-C-O-M-E ! TO YOU.
REGARDS BASSSSS!! -- SZDDˆð'3Af¨
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 13:11:46 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Air Afrique Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.95.970504083133.25110A-100000@saul3.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Gambia-l,
I received a very long letter from a female cousin in New York, detailing some of the ordeals she underwent during the last Christmas vacation while travelling to The Gambia with Air Afrique airlines. She asked me to post it in The Internet. While it was too long, I decided to give you a summary of the events that unfolded and then ask some few questions after it.
Along with her 22 month old son, she purchased 2 round trip airline tickets on Air Afrique from New York to Banjul and also paid for all the excess baggage charges. At Dakar without any advanced warnings, they stayed in the airport for three and half hours before getting a flight to Banjul. At Banjul, she discovered four of her luggages were left behind and one was opened and damaged. She followed the appropriate claims procedures with assistance from Gambia Airways personnel. She was informed that most luggages were left behind in New York due to the fact that the capacity for all luggages checked in by Air Afrique personnel was more than the allocated spaces available in The Air Afrique air craft. According to her, this revealed mismanagement due to corruption and greed. They requested cash for services that could not be delivered regardless of the outcome. Unfortunately for her, basic necessities for use during her vacation were in the luggages left behind. At The Banjul Travel Office, she was informed of the unavailability for any inconvenient allowances as Air Afrique did not open an office with a representative in Banjul at the time. Her luggages finally arrived on New Year's eve. By departure time in January, Air Afrique had opened an office in Banjul at Hagan Street. She was told by the manager Mr Njogu Secka that her name was on the list with a cancelled code. Acccording to her, Air Afrique has the bad habit of reselling already sold seats to new customers. On Sunday, January 12th, she checked in and paid all the excess fees for her flight back to New York. Air Afrique did not have the decency to allow passengers with children the priviledge of boarding the aircraft first. The departure was scheduled for 12pm but never left until later as the original Air Afrique jet never showed up and no explanation and apologies were offered. At Dakar, things got worse when they were issued no boarding passes for the continued flight to New York. They were told that the flight was completely full with no more seats available. By this time, she was among 17 other passengers ( mostly Gambians ) which included four teenagers and two infants. This triggered endless screams and yelling with no managers to attend to their needs. Food, water, resting place were not offered until 7pm that evening. They were taken to Hotel Ngor which was close to the airport. They were then routed at 1am, dropped off at the airport and stayed there till 6am before boarding another Air Afrique flight to Paris with the promise that that they will be connected to another Air Afrique flight to New York. They missed the connecting flight at Paris. Screaming and yelling started again until French Police came and restrain the situation. They were taken to a Holiday Inn to spend another night, off course with no inconvenient allowances. Luckily, Air France was able to connect them to another TWA ( Trans World Airlines ) to New York the next day, Tuesday January 14th. Upon arrival at New York, they found out that their luggages did not arrive and to add insult to injury, there was no Air Afrique representative for an explanation. The Air France manager told them of their disgust the whole week with Air Afrique as no communication was coming from them for explanation to angry Air Afrique passengers with lost luggages. As of the date, this letter was written to me, no phone calls or indications were given by Air Afrique as to when they will get access to their luggages. A signed letter of complaint by all affected passengers were sent to U.S. Senator John MCain, subcomittee chairman on aviation, U.S. Representative Bud Shuster, chairman of Transportation committee and various Air Afrique managers in Paris, Dakar and Banjul.
In light of the above story, here are some few questions that I am posing to group :
1. Should Air Afrique be allowed to operate under such circumstances when they are unable to deliver quality services which their passengers have paid for ?
2. Have you ever experienced similar encounters with Air Afrique or any other air lines ?
3. Should we be bound to patronize Air Afrique just because it is an African owned air line or should we spend our money on whoever can give us the best services regardless of the national origins of its ownership ?
4. After this experience, what else can be done to prevent Air Afrique of future reoccurences with its passengers ?
I will be looking forward for a discussion on this issue since all of us have and will be travelling with Air lines. Thanks Tony
========================================================================
Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax University of Washington Box 353200 Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 =========================================================================
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 16:12:48 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: POLYGAMY Message-ID: <970504161245_153884395@emout07.mail.aol.com>
In a message dated 5/3/97 1:07:30 PM, you wrote:
<< Bass wrote:
JABBOU!! IN A GAMBIA WHERE WOMEN HAVE BEEN ENPOWERED ENOUGH TO HAVE THE TOOLS AND SKILLS TO TAKE CARE OF AND DEPEND ON THEMSELVES - IN SUCH A GAMBIA,IT WOULDN'T BE A REQUIREMENT THAT A MAN MUST BE MONEYED BEFORE THREE WOMEN COULD HAVE HIM AS THEIR PARTNER.IT SOUNDS DISTURBINGLY CAPITALISTIC TO ME THE SUGGESTION THAT ONLY MEN WITH MONEY SHOULD BE ALLOWED TO HAVE MULTIPLE FEMALE PARTNERS AT ANY GIVEN TIME.SOME WELL-TO-DO GAMBIAN MEN ARE VERY INTELLIGENT AND STILL OTHERS HAVE VERY GOOD QUALITIES (CHARACTER,INTEGRITY,CONSCIENCE AND EVEN PHYSICAL HEALTH AND ATTRATIVENESS), QUALITIES TOTALLY UNRELATED TO MONEY AND YET EQUALLY IMPORTANT.SO,REDUCING THE PASS MARK TO ONLY MONEY IS NOT AT ALL A FARSIGHTED SOLUTION,SAYING NOTHING OF ITS INJUSTICE TO THE MAJORITY OF MEN AND WOMEN.
REGARDS BASSSS
BASS,
Unfortunately, we do not have a Gambia yet where all the women are self sufficient. Some of them may be equipped to be so, but a great majority still lack the education, decent jobs or just plain opportunity to nurture an entrepreneurial spirit that will enable them to be self sufficient.A large number still look to their men as the sole source of support for them and their children. I agree wholeheartedly that there are many a Gambian brother who are not wealthy, but have all the makings of fine husbands indeed, which is more important in the long run. But what about the here and now? What about these women who have to depend on a husband now,and what about the many men now, who have the many wives and children they cannot afford to have? If they had weighed the facts before marrying all those wives, they could clearly see that they will only be causing hardships to the women and children. Those contemplating this move can and should still consider these factors and frankly not too many people can afford this.On the other hand, the women should also consider these factors before agreeing to marry a man with many wives but, we know that circumstances force many of them to go ahead anyway.
Jabou
- SZDD^d'3Af"
----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Fri May 2 02:13:12 1997 Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> Received: from lists2.u.washington.edu (lists2.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.1]) by mrin61.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-1.0.1) with ESMTP id CAA21325; Fri, 2 May 1997 02:13:11 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists2.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id XAA24621; Thu, 1 May 1997 23:13:05 -0700 Received: from mx5.u.washington.edu (mx5.u.washington.edu [140.142.32.6]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id XAA41542 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 23:12:50 -0700 Received: from denmark.it.earthlink.net (denmark-c.it.earthlink.net [204.119.177.22]) by mx5.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id XAA05248 for <GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>; Thu, 1 May 1997 23:12:48 -0700 Received: from qatar.net.qa (qatar.net.qa [194.133.33.11]) by denmark.it.earthlink.net (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP id XAA01788 for <GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU>; Thu, 1 May 1997 23:12:40 -0700 (PDT) Received: from qatar.net by qatar.net.qa (SMI-8.6/SMI-SVR4) id JAA01690; Fri, 2 May 1997 09:09:12 -0300 Message-Id: <31885201.2AEC@QATAR.NET.QA> Date: Thu, 02 May 1996 09:11:14 +0300 Reply-To: KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: POLYGAMY MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit X-To: GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU X-Mailer: Mozilla 3.0 (Win95; I) X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >>
>>
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Date: Sun, 04 May 1997 13:27:01 PDT From: "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> To: GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU Subject: HIGH COMMISSIONER SUMMONS ME Message-ID: <199705042027.NAA26485@f24.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
HELLO LIST MEMBERS, I HAVE RECEIVED A NUMBER OF MAILS REQUESTING TO KNOW MORE ABOUT THE REASON WHY I WAS SUMMONED BY THE THEN SENEGALESE HIGH COMMISSIONER TO THE GAMBIA, MOCTARR KEBBEH FOLLOWING AN ARTICLE I WROTE ON THE FIGHT FOR INDEPENDENCE IN CASSAMANCE. IT WOULD BE MORE CONVENIENT FOR ME TO SIMPLY SEND IT TO THE LIST RATHER THAN SENDING IT TO EACH INDIVIDUAL ADDRESS.I HAVE MANAGED TO PIECE TOGETHER DIFFERENT PICTURES RANGING FROM MY TRIP TO CASSAMANCE TO A PERSONAL OPINION OF WHAT I THINK IS THE REALITY AND THE WAY FORWARD TO FINDING A PEACEFUL SOLUTION TO THE CRISIS. ********************************************************************** IN 1995 FOLLOWING RENEWED ATTACKS BY REBELS IN CASSAMANCE, I WAS ASSIGNED TO ASSESS THE SITUATION BY THE VOICE OF AMERICA (I WAS THEIR CORRESPONDENT IN THE GAMBIA AT THE TIME).THIS WAS AT A TIME WHEN THERE WAS CONSIDERABLE INTEREST AND AN OVERWHELMING CONCERN FROM BOTH THE SENEGALESE AND GAMBIAN GOVERNMENTS.RUMOURS WERE RIFE THAT YAHYA JAMMEH THE NEW GAMBIAN HEAD OF STATE WAS A SYMPATHISER OF THE MFDC REBELS IN CASSAMANCE;THAT HE HAD EVEN RECRUITED SOME OF THE REBELS AS HIS OWN GUARDS AT STATE HOUSE IN BANJUL.THERE WERE ALSO UNCONFIRMED REPORTS OF A RISING TENSION BETWEEN THE TWO GOVERNMENTS.THERE WAS TALK OF UNFOUNDED POSSIBILITIES OF A SENEGALESE INVASION OF THE GAMBIA.A SOURCE WAS QUOTED OFF THE RECORD GOING TO THE EXTENT OF SAYING THAT SENEGAL HAD ALREADY POSITIONED ARMOURED VEHICLES ALONG THE BORDER WITH THE GAMBIA AND THAT FRANCE SUPPORTED THE IDEA.
AT THE TIME OF MY VISIT TO CASSAMANCE THE REBEL LEADER, FATHER DIAMACOUNE SENGHOR WAS UNDER HOUSE ARREST IN A MAXIMUM- SECUIRITY MANSION IN ZIGUINCHOR.MY MISSION TO THE REGION WAS AMONG OTHER THINGS TO ASSESS THE DAMAGE THE WAR HAD CAUSED,FIND OUT IF THERE WERE ANY POSSIBILITIES OF A SPILL-OVER TO THE GAMBIA AND WHO WAS GAINING THE UPPER HAND, SENEGALESE GOVERNMENT FORCES OR THE MFDC REBELS.ALSO INCLUDED IN MY PACK WAS TO SEE IF CASSAMANCE IS CAPABLE OF STANDING ON ITS OWN IN THE EVENT IT BECAME INDEPENDENT.I CAME UP WITH A VERY SIMPLE ANSWER, A BIG NO.CASSAMANCE CAN ONLY BOAST OF A MIGHTY LABOUR FORCE IN THE FORM OF ILLETERATE ABLE BODIED MEN AND WOMEN WHO ARE ONLY CAPABLE OF TAKING UP LOW PAID JOBS LIKE DOMESTIC SERVANTS IN THE CITIES LIKE DAKAR AND BANJUL.
UPON MY ARRIVAL AT ZIGUINCHOR,THE MAIN TOWN IN THE REGION, I WAS LED TO THE TOWN'S MAIN MARKET.THE REBEL WAR HAD LED TO NUMBER OF DASTARDLY EVENTS OF ACTUAL ARSON.TWO DAYS BEFORE MY VISIT, THE MARKET HAD BEEN BURNT DOWN TO ASHES.BOTH SIDES BLAMED EACH OTHER FOR THE ATTACK WHICH LEFT A NUMBER OF PEOPLE STARVING AND HAVING TO START FROM SQUARE ONE SINCE THAT SEEMED WAS THEIR ONLY SOURCE OF LIVING.BY INTERVIEWING SOME OF THE LOCALS IT WAS CLEAR THAT THERE WERE DIFFERENCES EVEN WITHIN THE PEOPLE OF CASSAMANCE.I ASKED IF I COULD SEE THE REBEL LEADER WITH THE THOUGHT OF GETTING HIS OWN VERSION OF EVENTS."DIAMACOUNE" WHISPERED THE TAXI DRIVER,"IMPOSSIBLE" SHOUTED LAMIN,MY LOCAL GUIDE.I WAS DETERMINED TO SEE THE MAN SO I TOLD THE DRIVER TO SIMPLY TAKE ME TO THE PREMISES.HE FINALLY AGREED BUT TOOK ME A FEW HUNDRED YARDS AWAY FROM THE HOUSE AND POINTED TO THE MANSION.I WALKED TOWARDS THE GATES AND SPOKE TO ONE OF THE GUARDS AT THE MAIN ENTRANCE I IDENTIFIED MYSELF AS A JOURNALIST FROM THE GAMBIA WORKING FOR THE VOICE OF AMERICA.I COULD TELL THAT HE WAS HAPPY TO SEE SOMEONE FROM THE GAMBIA AS WOULD ALL SENEGALESE BROTHERS.HOWEVER HE DIRECTED ME TO ONE OF HIS SENIOR OFFICERS SITTING BEHIND A TABLE IN A SMALL OFFICE.
ONCE AGAIN I WENT THROUGH THE SAME INTRODUCTORY PROCEDURES.HE WAS QUITE HOSTILE AND TOLD ME THAT I NEEDED CLEARANCE FROM DAKAR.AT THAT POINT I TOOK OUT MY VOICE OF AMERICA PRESS CARD.AT THE BACK OF THE CARD WAS A CLAUSE WRITTEN IN BOTH FRENCH AND ENGLISH.IT STATED THAT BEARER IS A JOURNALIST WORKING FOR THE VOICE OF AMERICA AND PLEADED WITH WHOEVER WAS READING IT TO ASSIST IN GIVING ME ACCESS TO INFORMATION IN LINE WITH SOME UNITED STATES FREEDOM OF INFORMATION BILL.THE CARD DID HELP BECAUSE THERE WAS NO WAY THAT DAKAR WOULD HAVE GIVEN ME CLEARANCE.THAT WAS NOT THE END OF IT,ANOTHER MAN WAS CALLED IN. HE WAS INTRODUCED AS THE REBEL LEADER'S PROTOCOL OFFICER.I TOLD HIM THAT I WANTED AN EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW WITH DIAMACOUNE,I HAD TO WAIT A WHILE AS HE CONSULTED THE MAN HIMSELF. I WAS GIVEN AN APPOINTMENT THE FOLLOWING DAY.
ON THE SCHEDULED TIME OF THE APPOINTMENT I WAS LED INTO WHAT LOOKED LIKE A CONFERENCE ROOM.SEATED ON AN ARM-CHAIR WAS DIAMACOUNE.THER WERE ALSO FIVE OTHER MEN WHO WERE INTRODUCED AS KEY MEMBERS OF HIS SHADOW CABINET.I BEGAN THE INTERVIEW BY ASKING HIM IF HIS FORCES WERE BEHIND THE ATTACK ON THE MARKET.HE REPLIED IN THE NEGATIVE EXPLAINING THAT HIS FORCES WILL NOT ENGAGE IN SUCH AN ATTACK ESPECIALLY IN WHAT HE CALLED "MY OWN TERRITORY".HE BLAMED THE FIRE ON AN ELECTRIC FAULT WHICH EVENTUALLY CAUGHT FIRE.WHEN ASKED ON THE RECENT ATTACKS ON NEARBY VILLAGES HE BLAMED THE SENEGALESE GOV'T FORCES ADDING THAT "ABDOU DIOUF THINKS THAT SENEGAL BELONGS TO HIM". HE CATEGORICALLY DENIED ANY LINKS WITH YAHYA JAMMEH.HE SAID IT WAS JUST COINCIDENTAL THAT HE BELONGS TO THE JOLA ETHNIC GROUP WHICH IS THE MAIN TRIBE IN THE REGION.HE DISPELLED RUMOURS THAT JAMMEH WAS THEIR SYMPATHISER AND THAT SOME OF HIS TROOPS WERE IN BANJUL.
ON THE INDEPENDENCE OF CASSAMANCE,HE RAKED INTO A HUGE STACK OF DOCUMENTS PLACED ON THE TABLE AND CAME OUT WITH WHAT LOOKED LIKE A TATTERED SHEET OF PAPER. HE HANDED IT OVER TO ME AND SAID THAT IT WAS THE LEASE AGREEMENT SIGNED DECADES AGO BY BOTH THE FRENCH AND THE PORTUGUESE.HE ELLABORATED TO SAY THAT THE REGION OF CASSAMANCE WAS LEASED TO THE FRENCH AFTER THE WAR AND FRANCE NEVER RETURNED IT AFTER THE EXPIRATION OF THE LEASE.HE BOASTED OF HAVING SUBSTANTIAL DOCUMENTARY PROVE TO BACK HIS WORDS.AT THIS POINT IT WAS VERY CLEAR THAT THE SEVENTY+ YEAR OLD MAN WAS VERY EXHAUSTED AFTER ALMOST TWO HOURS OF TALKING.HE ASKED ONE OF HIS MINISTERS TO ANSWER MY QUESTIONS. HE BEGAN BY EXPLAINING WHAT HE CALLED "A PHYISICAL PROVE" THAT CASSAMANCE IS A COUNTRY OF ITS OWN.HE SAID THAT AFTER THE WAR FRANCE ERECTED AN OBELISK IN ALL THE COUNTRIES THAT IT COLONISED TO HONOUR THE DEAD.HE EXPLAINED THAT THERE IS ONE IN DAKAR,GUINEA,MALI,IVORY COAST,CAMEROUN ETC.HE THEN ASKED "HOW COME THERE IS ONE HERE IN ZIGUINCHOR"? I WAS HANDED WITH A NUMBER OF DOCUMENTS IN THEIR QUEST TO CONVINCE ME THAT CASSAMANCE IS AN INDEPENDENT ENTITY.
I WAS WEARING OUT AND HAD TO BE IN BANJUL BEFORE DARK. AS I WAS LEAVING THE PREMISES THE GUARD AT THE GATE TOLD ME THAT HE REGRETTED WHY HE ALLOWED ME IN. HE SAID THAT HE WILL HAVE TO EXPLAIN HIS ACTIONS TO HIS SUPERIOR OFFICERS IN DAKAR.I ASSURED HIM THAT THERE WOULD NOT BE TROUBLE BECAUSE I WOULD NOT PUBLISH MY STORY IN SENEGAL.
FROM CASSAMANCE I CALLED THE DAILY OBSERVER TO ASK THE EDITOR TO DELAY GOING TO PRESS. (AT THE TIME I WAS ALSO REPORTING FOR THE DAILY OBSERVER ON FREELANCE BASIS)MY STORY WAS GIVEN A FRONT PAGE THE FOLLOWING DAY.IT CARRIED IN THE ARTICLE ALL THE SO-CALLED PROVES EXPLAINED TO ME BY THE REBELS. THE SENEGALESE HIGH COMMISSINER READ THE ARTICLE AND WAS SUPRISED AT HOW I GAINED ACCESS TO THE PREMISES.HE FELT THAT MY ARTICLE WAS BIAS ON THE SIDE OF THE REBELS.HE CALLED THE DAILY OBSERVER AND WAS ALLEGEDLY RUDE TO THE EDITOR AND ASKED TO SEE ME AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.I GOT THE MESSAGE THROUGH THE OBSERVER AND REPORTED TO HIS OFFICE. THE SENEGALESE GUARDS AT THE HIGH COMMISSION WERE HOSTILE FROM THE MOMENT THEY KNEW WHO I WAS.I WAS TAKEN TO MR KEBBEH'S OFFICE.HE ADDRESSED ME AS AN IRRESPONSIBLE JOURNALIST WHO WAS BEING USED BY THE WESTERN WORLD AND THE AMERICANS.HE WARNED THAT I WAS THREADING ON VERY DELICATE SECUIRITY MATTERS AND THAT I HAD TO WATCH OUT.AFTER A LONG NARRATION OF THE IMPLICATIONS OF MY ARTICLE, I WAS GIVEN A CHANCE TO EXPLAIN MYSELF.I EXPLAINED TO THE DIPLOMAT THAT I TRIED TO GET THE SENEGALESE GOVERNMENT'S REACTION THROUGH THE MAYOR OF ZIGUINCHOR BUT HE SAID THAT HE WAS ENJOYING HIS WEEKEND WITH HIS FAMILY AND WAS THEREFORE NOT READY TO TALK.
I WAS GIVEN A FINAL STERN WARNING.MR KEBBEH APPOLOGISED FOR HIS RUDE APPROACH AND WANTED AN ASSURANCE THAT THAT WOULD BE THE END OF THE MATTER.NO THAT WAS NOT IT. FEW DAYS LATER,THE DAILY OBSERVER RECEIVED A LETTER FROM THE SENEGALESE HIGH SCHOOL IN THE GAMBIA WITH SIMILAR REMARKS AS THOSE OF THE HIGH COMMISSIONER.THE LETTER WAS PUBLISHED AS A REJOINDER TO MY ARTICLE IN TANDEM WITH THE ETHICS OF JOURNALISM.
SINCE THEN I HAVE KEENLY BEEN FOLLOWING EVENTS IN CASSAMANCE. MR KEBBEH HAS BEEN RECALLED TO SENEGAL DUE TO ILL HEALTH.THE WAR IS STILL ON. I FEEL THAT THE WAY TO PEACE IS NOT THROUGH VIOLENCE, BUT RATHER THROUGH A PEACEFUL NEGOTIATION AS MODOU CAMARA RIGHTLY SUGGESTED.
ON THE GAMBIA'S PART, IT CANNOT STAND AND BE A MERE OBSERVER NOR CAN IT TAKE SIDES.IT SHOULD TAKE A FIRM STAND AS A NEGOTIATOR.IF THIS WAR IS LEFT TO CARRY ON IN THE VERY NEAR FUTURE I SEE A POSSIBILTY OF EITHER A SPILL-OVER OR A MAJOR RIFT BETWEEN THE GAMBIA AND SENEGAL.
EBRIMA DRAMEH THE UNVERSITY OF BUCKINGHAM UNITED KINGDOM.
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 16:30:11 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: POLYGAMY Message-ID: <970504163010_-1567657343@emout02.mail.aol.com>
Sirra wrote:
I think our friend Bass is jumping to conclusions here. Being able to "afford" multiple wives does not necessary mean financially. One also has to have the time, emotional capacity etc. as well as the "good qualities" mentioned above in my opinion.
Sirra Ndow ======================================================================== sirra@hotmail.com ======================================================================== Good point, Sirra.
Jabou
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----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Sun May 4 09:08:39 1997 Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by emin43.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-1.0.1) with ESMTP id JAA22932; Sun, 4 May 1997 09:08:33 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id GAA26373; Sun, 4 May 1997 06:06:29 -0700 Received: from mx5.u.washington.edu (mx5.u.washington.edu [140.142.32.6]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id GAA04782 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Sun, 4 May 1997 06:02:29 -0700 Received: from f16.hotmail.com (F16.hotmail.com [207.82.250.27]) by mx5.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id GAA16716 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Sun, 4 May 1997 06:02:28 -0700 Received: (from root@localhost) by f16.hotmail.com (8.7.5/8.7.3) id FAA20832; Sun, 4 May 1997 05:37:44 -0700 (PDT) Received: from 193.63.18.169 by www.hotmail.com with HTTP; Sun, 04 May 1997 05:37:43 PDT Message-Id: <199705041237.FAA20832@f16.hotmail.com> Date: Sun, 04 May 1997 05:37:43 PDT Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: "Sirra Ndow" <sirra@hotmail.com> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: POLYGAMY Content-Type: text/plain X-Originating-IP: [193.63.18.169] X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >>
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 16:31:47 -0500 (CDT) From: Yaya Jallow <yj0001@jove.acs.unt.edu> To: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> Cc: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>, ; Subject: Re: Air Afrique Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95.970504162243.22611B-100000@jove.acs.unt.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Tony,
The story you put up is absolutely accurate. Air Afrique has no clue about customer intimacy. They operate in total disregard to passengers' concerns.
The solution lies in consumer sovereignty. Do not fly Air Afrique under no circumstances. I know people are sometimes lured by the low fares they offer in comparisons to other major airlines, but security and peace of mind is worth the extra dollars.
As for the Air Afrique itshelf, I wish the governments that own it should simply privatize it, otherwise it will continue to suffer the gross incompetencies associated with government bureaucracies.
Good day to you all.
Yaya
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 17:56:01 -0400 (EDT) From: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Air Afrique Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.95L.970504174352.18243A-100000@terve.cc.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Hi Folks, I also had a harrowing experience with Air Afrique. For us, the delay was ten hours and the service was rude and laughable. I am actually suing Air Afrique in small claims court because they damaged my luggage and are not responding to my claims for restitution. I would actually be very grateful if I can get testimonials of the "service" at Air Afrique i.e Air Afrique damaged your luggage, gave you bad service , etc. If you can be of any help, please send your testimonial to: at137@columbia.edu . I think the way to change Air Afrique is to hit it where it hurts the most ; the pocketbook. If people actually started suing them, they will have to clean up their act or risk going bellyup. -Abdou.
******************************************************************************* A.TOURAY Computer Science Columbia University New York, NY 10027
MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137
A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. I WANDER AND I WONDER. ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. *******************************************************************************
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 21:13:45 -0400 From: "M. Darboe" <mdarboe@fred.net> To: "'Gambia-L@u.washington.edu'" <Gambia-L@u.washington.edu> Subject: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference Message-ID: <01BC58D1.2C71DCC0@mhorn.fred.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Recently, I posted three or four politically relatively provocative = items on the Gambia List. I was amazed, surprised and even concerned = when hardly anybody reacted to the postings. Deja vu: Apathy or = indifference?
Since the presidential elections, I have observed that the level of = interest in Gambian politics has noticeably declined on the Gambia List. = Actually, the number of contributors to the discussions, relative to = the total list of members, has significantly dropped. These days, the = discussions--while interesting and useful--are on what I consider to be = "safe" topics or issues. Essentially, the lively debate we all enjoyed = up to the elections has just disappeared. I have seen this type of = attitude before, i.e., the apathy and indifference with regard to = Gambian national politics and issues that prevailed among many of us = during the Jawara regime. I sincerely hope that I am mistaken that the = current situation is a return to those old ways.
We must remember that one of the reasons a military takeover became = necessary and even acceptable to many Gambians was because the requisite = vigorous critique of the Jawara regime was lacking; consequently, what = purported to be a democratic government gradually deteriorated to an = oligarchy. We face the same dangers or worse if we allow ourselves to = sink into another mental state of apathy and indifference. Whatever = type of government we have today in the Gambia cannot and will not be = democratic until and unless all Gambians participate in the process. = Such participation includes an energetic debate of all issues relevant = to our national growth. The current regime must be critiqued vigorously = to ensure the path to democracy and good governance. The critique must = include both acknowledgments of the regime's successes in governing = according to general democratic principles and the values prescribed by = the Constitution, as well as criticism for deviations from these same = principles and values.
I will be waiting to see how many of you will now leap into the fray and = re-energize the debate about our future and that of all Gambians.
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 18:38:47 -0700 (PDT) From: Ylva Hernlund <yher@u.washington.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Polygamy Message-ID: <Pine.A41.3.95b.970504183836.61312A-100000@dante07.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
:) Ylva
On Sat, 3 May 1997 Gunjur@aol.com wrote:
> > Ylva Herlund and Malanding wrote: > > > <<> > > This discussion on polygamy is very interesting...I was reminded of a > > passage from Birago Diop's Tales of Amadou Koumba, where he writes: "In > > the matter of wives two is not a good number. The man who wants to avoid > > quarrels, shouting, grousing, reproaches, and nasty innuendoes must have > > at least three wives, or else one, but never two. Two women in the same > > house always have with them a third companion, who is not only good for > > nothing, but also happens to be the worst of bad councellors. This > > companion is shrill-voiced Envy, bitter as tamarind > > juice."......Reactions? Ylva > > > > > > I like this one Ylva. Thank you. > > Malanding > > Yeah, l can see where Birago Diop has a point, perhaps the solution here is > to have so many that each wife will find it too tiresome to have to direct > hostility at so many people that they'll all give up and live in harmony. > > Jabou > > > > ----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- > >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Thu May 1 12:04:54 1997 > Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> > Received: from lists2.u.washington.edu (lists2.u.washington.edu > [140.142.56.1]) > by mrin64.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-1.0.1) > with ESMTP id MAA28232; > Thu, 1 May 1997 12:04:51 -0400 (EDT) > Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) > by lists2.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP > id IAA21760; Thu, 1 May 1997 08:55:55 -0700 > Received: from mx4.u.washington.edu (mx4.u.washington.edu [140.142.33.5]) > by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP > id IAA34916 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 > 08:55:43 -0700 > Received: from news.mtu.edu (news.mtu.edu [141.219.70.11]) > by mx4.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP > id IAA26724 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 08:55:40 > -0700 > Received: from mtu.edu (mtu.edu [141.219.70.1]) > by news.mtu.edu (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA11491 > for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 11:55:29 -0400 (EDT) > Received: from hemlock.ffr.mtu.edu (hemlock.ffr.mtu.edu [141.219.149.237]) > by mtu.edu (8.8.5/8.8.5) with ESMTP id LAA01056 > for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 11:55:28 -0400 (EDT) > Received: from cedar.ffr.mtu.edu (cedar.ffr.mtu.edu [141.219.149.152]) > by hemlock.ffr.mtu.edu (8.6.13/MTU-R1.9) with ESMTP id LAA00975 > for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 1 May 1997 11:55:24 -0400 > Received: (from msjaiteh@localhost) > by cedar.ffr.mtu.edu (8.6.10/MTU-C1.5) id LAA22815 > for gambia-l@u.washington.edu; Thu, 1 May 1997 11:55:23 -0400 > Message-Id: <199705011555.LAA22815@cedar.ffr.mtu.edu> > Date: Thu, 1 May 1997 11:55:22 -0400 (EDT) > Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu > Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu > Precedence: bulk > From: "Malanding S. Jaiteh" <msjaiteh@mtu.edu> > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List > <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Re: Polygamy > In-Reply-To: <Pine.A41.3.95b.970501082333.28794B-100000@dante30.u.washington.e > du> from "Ylva Hernlund" at May 1, 97 08:26:45 am > Content-Type: text > X-Mailer: ELM [version 2.4 PL24] > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > >> > > >
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Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 19:00:06 -0700 (PDT) From: Ylva Hernlund <yher@u.washington.edu> To: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> Cc: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>, ; Subject: Re: Air Afrique Message-ID: <Pine.A41.3.95b.970504184933.61312C-100000@dante07.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
I have the utmost empathy for this woman after having gone through some similar experiences myself...What is interesting, however, is that when MY luggage was lost for four days last summer this seems to have been caused equally by TWA. My daughter and I flew TWA from Seattle to NY (then Air Afrique to Dakar) and were told we had to check the luggage all the way through to Dakar. Given that there was only a two hour lay over at JFK, I tried to refuse to do this, but ended up succumbing (felt sorry for all the red-eyed employees...this was a few days after the TWA bombing...). In New York, it took me and my five year old a mere half hour to WALK to the international terminal, but TWA never got our bags there on time. Air Afrique people told us that "they never get the bags here in less than three hours." Likewise, on the return trip, all TWA flights were severely delayed and connections were all missed, whereas the Air Afrique leg of the journey went rather smoothly (although the lost suitcase, before finally arriving in Gambia, did accidently get sent to Abidjan for a day or so...).....I don't know what my point is (certainly not to defend what happened to Tony's cousin....), maybe just that incompetence and disregard for passengers is not solely a problem of African Airlines (I will never fly TWA again, but might again take my chances on Air Afrique...). The incompetence at Yundum when trying to collect my lost luggage was, however, another story altogether....Ylva
n Sun, 4 May 1997, A. Loum wrote:
> > > Gambia-l, > > I received a very long letter from a female cousin in New York, detailing > some of the ordeals she underwent during the last Christmas vacation while > travelling to The Gambia with Air Afrique airlines. She asked me to post > it in The Internet. While it was too long, I decided to give you a summary > of the events that unfolded and then ask some few questions after it. > > Along with her 22 month old son, she purchased 2 round trip airline > tickets on Air Afrique from New York to Banjul and also paid for all the > excess baggage charges. At Dakar without any advanced warnings, they > stayed in the airport for three and half hours before getting a flight to > Banjul. At Banjul, she discovered four of her luggages were left behind > and one was opened and damaged. She followed the appropriate claims > procedures with assistance from Gambia Airways personnel. She was informed > that most luggages were left behind in New York due to the fact that the > capacity for all luggages checked in by Air Afrique personnel was more > than the allocated spaces available in The Air Afrique air craft. > According to her, this revealed mismanagement due to corruption and greed. > They requested cash for services that could not be delivered regardless of > the outcome. > Unfortunately for her, basic necessities for use during her > vacation were in the luggages left behind. At The Banjul Travel Office, > she was informed of the unavailability for any inconvenient allowances as > Air Afrique did not open an office with a representative in Banjul at the > time. Her luggages finally arrived on New Year's eve. > By departure time in January, Air Afrique had opened an office in > Banjul at Hagan Street. She was told by the manager Mr Njogu Secka that > her name was on the list with a cancelled code. Acccording to her, Air > Afrique has the bad habit of reselling already sold seats to new > customers. On Sunday, January 12th, she checked in and paid all the excess > fees for her flight back to New York. Air Afrique did not have the decency > to allow passengers with children the priviledge of boarding the aircraft > first. The departure was scheduled for 12pm but never left until later as > the original Air Afrique jet never showed up and no explanation and > apologies were offered. > At Dakar, things got worse when they were issued no boarding > passes for the continued flight to New York. They were told that the > flight was completely full with no more seats available. By this time, she > was among 17 other passengers ( mostly Gambians ) which included four > teenagers and two infants. This triggered endless screams and yelling with > no managers to attend to their needs. Food, water, resting place were not > offered until 7pm that evening. They were taken to Hotel Ngor which was > close to the airport. They were then routed at 1am, dropped off at the > airport and stayed there till 6am before boarding another Air Afrique > flight to Paris with the promise that that they will be connected to > another Air Afrique flight to New York. They missed the connecting flight > at Paris. Screaming and yelling started again until French Police came and > restrain the situation. They were taken to a Holiday Inn to spend another > night, off course with no inconvenient allowances. Luckily, Air France was > able to connect them to another TWA ( Trans World Airlines ) to New York > the next day, Tuesday January 14th. Upon arrival at New York, they found > out that their luggages did not arrive and to add insult to injury, there > was > no Air Afrique representative for an explanation. The Air France manager > told them of their disgust the whole week with Air Afrique as no > communication was coming from them for explanation to angry Air Afrique > passengers with lost luggages. As of the date, this letter was written to > me, no phone calls or indications were given by Air Afrique as to when > they will get access to their luggages. > A signed letter of complaint by all affected passengers were sent > to U.S. Senator John MCain, subcomittee chairman on aviation, U.S. > Representative Bud Shuster, chairman of Transportation committee and > various Air Afrique managers in Paris, Dakar and Banjul. > > In light of the above story, here are some few questions that I am posing > to group : > > 1. Should Air Afrique be allowed to operate under such circumstances when > they are unable to deliver quality services which their passengers have > paid for ? > > 2. Have you ever experienced similar encounters with Air Afrique or any > other air lines ? > > 3. Should we be bound to patronize Air Afrique just because it is an > African owned air line or should we spend our money on whoever can give us > the best services regardless of the national origins of its ownership ? > > 4. After this experience, what else can be done to prevent Air Afrique > of future reoccurences with its passengers ? > > I will be looking forward for a discussion on this issue since all > of us have and will be travelling with Air lines. > Thanks > Tony > > > > ======================================================================== > > Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu > Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice > 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax > University of Washington > Box 353200 > Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 > > ========================================================================= > > > > >
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Date: Sun, 04 May 1997 23:49:11 -0400 From: Andy Lyons <alyons@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Request for information Message-ID: <2.2.16.19970505034911.371f13e4@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
I received this note from a visitor to The Gambia Resource Page. Anyone who can offer assistance please contact the author directly. Thanks.
Andy Lyons The Gambia Resource Page http://grove.ufl.edu/~alyons
>Return-Path: <Emily.Awour@AORG.UIB.NO> >Date: Sun, 04 May 1997 14:58:32 +0200 >From: Emily Achieng Awuor <Emily.Awour@aorg.uib.no> >Subject: Application for employment > >Dear Sir/Madame, > >My name is Emily Awuor. I am a twenysix years old female and a Kenyan by >birth and citizenship. I am also married to an ethnic Gambian and I do >intend to settle in The Gambia in the period of July/august 1998. > >Currently I am majoring in Administration and Organization Theory at the >University of Bergen, Norway. I also have undergrauate courses in Mass >Communication, Social Pedagogy (Education), philosophy, Research >Methodolgy and Administration. At present I am working on my >post-graduate thesis which looks into how multi-national companies >influence the formation of donnor countries' foreign aid policy. > >My reason for sending this e-mail is that I am looking for a job in The >Gambia. >If anyone who reads this mail can consider me useful, or knows anyone >who might need an employee with my academic records, I would honoured to >hear from you. Personally I am interested in areas of development, publi >relations, state/government, policy planning, education, media and >administration. But I am without doubt willing to accept any offer >regardless of which part of the country. > >You are welcome to reach me on the following e-mail address: >emily.awuor@aorg.uib.no > >Thanks in great anticipation. > >Emily Awuor >
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Date: Mon, 05 May 1997 00:20:15 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference Message-ID: <336D5FFE.791BA812@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
M.Darboe wrote:
"Recently, I posted three or four politically relatively provocative items on the Gambia List. I was amazed, surprised and even concerned when hardly anybody reacted to the postings. Deja vu: Apathy or indifference?"
If you are referring to the UDP press releases, I must apologize, I thought they were for informational purposes more than anything else. I think the UDP is doing what an opposition party is supposed to and what in the past they have not been doing since the early days of the Republic (the first one). They are trying to engage the public on political matters on a more permanent basis rather than waiting until election time and that is very good.
The problem with the issues they raised is that the people, including myself, voted for a constitution that included a somewhat ambiguous schedule that:
1) Makes it pretty much unconstitutional to question the activities of the AFPRC. 2) Allows the decrees and the consequences of those decrees under the AFPRC, including the Commissions, to continue.
It seems to me that the Speaker and the majority party are acting within their authority and the rules. What the UDP has to do is better educate us on the specific procedures of the National Assembly, vis a vis the Standing Orders Committee and its work, to show us how the APRC is using its majority to prevent the issues raised from being addressed in the National Assembly.
The UDP need to continue to press the matter and use the courts if necessary. They need to delve more into the corruption allegations to prove to and move the people including forcing the Taiwanese to respond to the issue (they are, after all, the source of the funds in question) and talk more about the consequences including the fact that the money that was allegedly stolen are loans that will eventually have to be paid out of funds that should go towards development. This includes, for example, the farming inputs that were lacking last year to help make that season more succesful than it was.
M.Darboe also wrote:
"Since the presidential elections, I have observed that the level of interest in Gambian politics has noticeably declined on the Gambia List. Actually, the number of contributors to the discussions, relative to the total list of members, has significantly dropped. These days, the discussions--while interesting and useful--are on what I consider to be "safe" topics or issues. Essentially, the lively debate we all enjoyed up to the elections has just disappeared. I have seen this type of attitude before, i.e., the apathy and indifference with regard to Gambian national politics and issues that prevailed among many of us during the Jawara regime. I sincerely hope that I am mistaken that the current situation is a return to those old ways."
I am afraid you are not mistaken. Some people think that the coup d'etat of '94 somehow raised people's political conscience. It did not. If anything, I believe it brought about a "novelty", that is the change in government. This novelty only did what novelties usually do in The Gambia. People start talking or discussing and the level of interest rises to a certain degree but as time passes, the novelty wears out and things go back to normal. In this case complacency.
I think when Gambians, both those with and without a Western education, start to realize that politics really can effect their lives the way others in our West African neighboring countries have, then we will really see the rise in political conscience that is necessary for our democracy to grow. In our case this might come sooner than later as the present economic situation continues but only if the opposition does its job and individuals like ourselves take their cue.
Peace.
Lat
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Date: Mon, 05 May 1997 01:25:13 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: [Fwd: shell in nigeria] Message-ID: <336D6F39.48490A93@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/digest; boundary="------------1B76E87E793F9A9FE900B7A4"
This is a multi-part message in MIME format. --------------1B76E87E793F9A9FE900B7A4 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
I came across the following and thought that I would pass it on. It is not directly related to The Gambia but to a subject that was widely disscussed on this list. While I would not suggest we restart that disscussion, I offer the following message and its response only as an interesting read.
Peace.
Lat --------------1B76E87E793F9A9FE900B7A4
Path: nntp.earthlink.net!nntp1.jpl.nasa.gov!nntp-server.caltech.edu!news.claremont.edu!news.interworld.net!news.he.net!news.maxwell.syr.edu!howland.erols.net!cpk-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!news-feed.inet.tele.dk!nntp.uio.no!news2.interlog.com!news.interlog.com!ip203-87.cc.interlog.com!user From: ejawse@interlog.com (ijose chow) Newsgroups: soc.culture.african Subject: shell in nigeria Date: Sat, 03 May 1997 11:13:00 -0800 Organization: InterLog Internet Services Message-ID: <ejawse-0305971113000001@ip203-87.cc.interlog.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: ip203-87.cc.interlog.com
***Read this.. (then post, distribute, photocopy, etc for public notice)
ANNIVESARY OF THE MURDER OF KENULE SARO WIWA AND THE NINE OTHER OGONI ENVIRONMENTALISTS
CAMPAIGN TO STOP A US$4 BILLION PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AT BONNY (NIGERIA) OF A PLANT TO CONVERT NATURAL GAS INTO LIQUID FORM (LNG) FOR SHIPMENT TO WESTERN COUNTRIES.
According to SHELL: ³ Current gas reserves exceed 3,400 billion cubic metres, placing Nigeria among the global top ten in natural gas reserves. A huge investment lies behind the proposed construction at Bonny of a plant to convert natural gas into liquid form (LNG), for shipment abroad. It is scheduled to come on stream in 1995.....Initial capacity will be four million tonnes per year, with Bonny gas set to capture a large part of the Western Europe LNG market well into the 21st century....²
KEN SARO WIWA SHELL AND THE OGONI PEOPLES
I THE NIGER DELTA The Niger Delta is in Southern Nigeria with over 20 river systems. About 6 million people depend on the Niger Delta fertile fishing and agricultural land. As only 30% of the land is unaffected by heaving flooding, the remaining land has to support a concentrated population. There is heavy competition for land on the Niger Delta between oil corporations. (Unfortunately) for the local community, this land is rich in oil. Oil exploration has resulted in drastic weather changes so severe for the Niger Delta that UNEP began, in 1993, a research into the impacts of climate change on the Delta. The land is geologically sensitive; oil corporations are still advancing the total sinking of the land.
NIGERIA IS COMMITTED TO A FIVE YEAR PLAN THAT CALLS FOR INCREASING OIL PRODUCTION CAPACITY TO 2.5 MILLION BARRELS PER DAY AND BOOSTING PROVEN RESERVES TO OVER 20 BILLION BARRELS IN 1993/94. THIS WILL ONLY HAVE THE EFFECTS OF FURTHER EXPLOITATION BY OIL MULTINATIONALS.
II THE OGONI There are approximately 250 ethnic cultures in the Federal Republic of Nigeria. The Ogoni is one of them. Their (Ogoni) territory forms the eastern most extension of the mainland fringe bordering the eastern Niger Delta, covering approximately 404 square miles with a population of over 500,000.
The Ogonis have a long history of preserving their surrounding environment. Rivers and streams are regarded as not only providing water for life: drinking, fishing, household; but also sacred and intricately bound with the life of the community.
The heavy competition for land between the Ogoni and the oil companies has resulted in the local communities being forced out of their environment, killed in peaceful demonstrations, and individual members closely monitored.
The land in question has been poisoned from oil extraction and the malpractice that accompany it. The air contains PAHs (with severe carcinogenic qualities).
With these exploitation and oppression, Ogoni is become increasingly defenseless. People can no longer live off the land, which has been made unsuitable for farming. The fishing industry can no longer provide a future of employment. Younger OGONIs are moving away to seek employment in cities.
All these are as a result of the environment and political impact of Shell ¹s (and other foreign oil corporations) oil activities.
According to Ken SARO WIWA, the Ogoni may be extinct within 20-25 years should this exploitation be allowed to continue. Ken clearly referred to Shell oil activities and resultant devastation as genocide.
III KEN SARO WIWA A poet, writer, playwright, human rights activist and environmentalist, KEN SARO WIWA was an outspoken and direct key player in the fight of the Niger Delta against the devastation and exploitation of oil corporations and sell-out by the Nigerian government. KEN was, before his murder, the president of Association of Nigeria Authors and a spokesman for MOSOP, a movement for the liberation of the Ogoni.
Back in 1992, KEN SARO WIWA was arrested on June 22nd at gunpoint and subsequently charged on July 13th on six counts including sedition and unlawful assembly (of a group of people). He was to remain in prison till September 20 of same before any bail could be granted. The arrest and charges of KEN SARO WIWA was as a result of the meeting held by MOSOP about the exploitation of SHELL. At the time of this arrest in 1992, KEN SARO WIWA had already had two minor heart attacks. At this point Amnesty International proclaimed him a prisoner of conscience and even mentioned SHELL in their emergency appeal. KEN was released same year.
However, KEN was arrested again in 1994 as his political activities was as strong as ever. This time he was framed with the murder of his friends and colleagues from the Ogoni. He was secretly trialed and in 1995, hanged to death with 8 other rights activists and environmentalists.
IV SHELL, oil exploration and continued genocide In Nigeria, SHELL is the largest oil and natural gas exploration, accounting for over 50% of the nation¹s crude oil output with headquarters in Lagos, and operating divisions in the western and eastern parts of Nigeria. Over 14% of SHELL¹s global oil production comes from Nigeria alone.
Acknowledging that Nigeria has ³...large reserves of oil and gas, but in small scattered accumulations found mainly in the Niger Delta...;² SHELL ravages the swampland and riverine terrain by producing fields linked through several thousand kilometres stretch of pipelines, unscrupulous spillage, and gas flaring. Since 1958 the Ogoni have been attempting to confront the oil companies (ELF, AGIP) -SHELL in particular- over their irresponsible activities (environmental destruction, political oppression through the help of the Nigerian government and police, forced evacuation of surrounding villages, double standards -in comparison to SHELL¹s activities in industrialized countries) and compensation. It is estimated that Ogoni Land has contributed an estimated US$30 billion in oil revenues. However facilities for the local community are virtually non-existent contrary to SHELL propaganda.
Two decades earlier agriculture and fishing was the backbone of the Ogoni income. No royalties have been received to date for the lease of their land for oil exploration. Under the Nigerian Law, regional landowners are entitled to royalties for minerals extracted from their land as well as mining rents. NOTHING HAS BEEN PAID. According to SHELL: ³Recently, the Federal Government responded to community concerns by doubling the statutory revenue allocated to oil-producing areas to three per cent (3%)...²
SHELL has, on numerous occasions and in its publications, claimed that a royalty of 3% has been set aside for the Ogoni people.
This figure was originally 1.5% and was only increased to 3% after mounting criticism over the Umuechem massacre (80 locals killed in Shell protest, October 1990)
Shell originally used this example (of the doubling from 1.5% to 3% royalties after the massacre) as an indication of their community assistance!
Now their line is, on growing evidence of Ogoni poverty and the disappearances and murders of Ogoni spokespersons, that if no money is reaching the community and it is being brutalized by violence, it is nothing to do with them but a matter for the government.
Most of us who followed the news would remember that the Nigerian man who, just before KEN SARO WIWA was murdered, confessed to having been paid in the set-up of the murder of KEN SARO WIWA and 8 other activists, through being made to provide false witness, was never heard of; nor did major North American media carry the news.
V SHELL and the MURDER OF KEN SARO WIWA and 8 OTHER HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVISTS and ENVIRONMENTALISTS (and the Ogoni people killed in the set-up to killed KEN SARO WIWA and his 8 colleagues)
SHELL has been quite happy to continue negotiations with the current illegal regime over oil production figures. They are still not prepared to ensure that compensation is paid to the relevant communities. In Nigeria, without shame, SHELL barely cleans up their act since they can conveniently blame the Nigerian government for any of their atrocities and illegal activities)
AN INTERNAL DOCUMENT FROM SHELL WAS PASSED TO INTERNATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN 1993 AND REVEALS SHELL¹S CULPABILITY. THESE MINUTES REVEAL THAT SHELL ARE MORE THAN AWARE OF THE CAMPAIGN AGAINST THEM, MOUNTED BY (now murdered) KEN SARO WIWA, AND ARE CONCERNED ABOUT INTERNATIONAL CRITICISM FROM NGOs
One statement needs no explanation: ³SPDC (Shell Petroleum Development Corporation) and SIPC PA (Shell International Petroleum Corporation Public Affairs) departments to keep eachother more closely informed to ensure that movements of key players, what they say, and to whom, is more effectively monitored to avoid unpleasant surprises and adversely affect reputation of the Group as a whole.²
KEN SARO WIWA¹s name is mentioned in this document. What is frightening to know is that SHELL¹s concern is not about its genocide, camouflaged brutality and bloodshed, or the devastating impact its activities are having on the Ogoni and other people in the Niger Delta, but how any criticism might affect their reputation as an international group.
KEN SARO WIWA AND 8 OTHER ACTIVISTS HAVE BEEN KILLED BY THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT AND SHELL CONVENIENTLY HIDES UNDER ITS AGENT OF OPPRESSION WHILE CLAIMING TO BE INNOCENT. MEANWHILE SHELL CONTINUES TO RAPE NIGERIA , POLLUTED HER LAND AND WATERS, AND MAINTAIN ITS NETWORK OF CONTROL AND MONITORING OF ACTIVISTS AND ³KEY PLAYERS²
What is still happening in Niger Delta?:
1. SHELL is still flaring gas at low levels, despite Nigerian Law forbidding oil companies not to -it is obviously cheaper for SHELL to ignore the law and pay fines (especially as Structural Adjustment Programme (SAP) imposed by the World Bank on developing countries has drastically devalued the Nigerian currency against the US$). Nigeria loses approximately $540 million a year in revenue through gas flaring.
2. Gas flaring at these levels exposes the local community to impacts of everyday fuel combustion i.e. PAHs which are carcinogenic. No health impact studies have ever been conducted.
3. High pressure pipelines are running directly through villages.
4. Mangrove swamps have been destroyed or are dying as a result of oil exploration -and oil waste entering the river system.
5. No piped clean water.
6. Noise pollution as a result of flares located next to villages.
7. Use of outdate equipments, leading to increased spillage, blowouts, etc.
Last year 1995, General Sanni Abacha abrogated laws protecting local Nigerian businesses from complete ownership by foreign investors. Under Abacha¹s regime, foreign individual or corporate investors can completely own businesses or contracts in Nigeria and also repatriate 100% returns on investments. This means that local industries and small businesses in Nigeria will continue to suffer in an economically austere environment clogged with foreign corporate dinosaurs. And since these foreign corp/enterprises are 100% foreign owned, employment for Nigerians will be crushed/remain at clerkship with Nigerian people having no control over their lives.
WHAT CAN YOU DO? (any/everyone can help in the struggle against corporate oppression)
I Write to the Nigerian government through:
!!! THE NIGERIA HIGH COMMISSIONER IS NO LONGER IN OTTAWA
A COUPLE OF MONTHS AGO, THE NIGERIAN GOVERNMENT VOLUNTARILY PACKED UP AND LEFT OTTAWA. THIS IS MORE OF A SHOW OF ARROGANCE THAN ANYTHING. ESPECIALLY AS CANADIANS AND THE CANADIAN GOVT ARE STILL DOING BUSINESS AS USUAL WITH OIL COMPANIES STATIONED IN NIGERIA (IN PARTICULARLY SHELL WITH THE VAST AMOUNT OF CONTRACTS IN CANADA), AND THE NIGERIAN GOVT.
HOWEVER YOU CAN WRITE THE NIGERIA PERMANENT MISSION:
EMBASSY OF NIGERIA 2201 M. STREET NW WASHINGTON D.C. 20037
(TEL): (212) 822.1500
Ask the Nigerian Military government -in the name of hundreds murdered and missing, of Dele Giwa, Ken SARO WIWA, JUSTICE and DEMOCRACY- to release all prisoners of conscience and hand over power to civilian rule.
II Write to Shell International through:
Shell Canada Public Affairs Unit P O Box 100 Station M Calgary T2P 2H5 Phone: (403) 691-3198 Fax: (403) 269-8031 Ask Shell International to pay the Ogoni and All peoples of the Niger Delta all outstanding royalties and compensation for bloodshed, murders, political, social, and environmental devastation and genocide. Ask them to clean up the toxins, spillage, and waste lying in the Delta. demand they leave Nigeria
III WRITE TO THE CANADIAN GOVERNMENT VIA THE PRIME MINISTER/YOUR LOCAL MP:
MPs MIKE HARRIS 325-3745 BILL SAUNDERSON -EGLINTON 325-6918 DERWYN SHEA -HIGH PARK/SWANSEA 585-7682 ISABEL BASSETT -ST. ANDREWS/ST. PATRICK 325-1584 AL LEACH -ST. GEORGE/ST. DAVID 585-6470 DAVE JOHNSON -DONMILLS 327-3790
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Path: nntp.earthlink.net!news.sprintlink.net!news-ana-24.sprintlink.net!news.monmouth.com!news4.dearborn.agis.net!agis!newsgod.dearborn.agis.net!news1.dearborn.agis.net!agis!www.nntp.primenet.com!nntp.primenet.com!news.visi.net!azure.xara.net!xara.net!newsfeed.nacamar.de!su-news-hub1.bbnplanet.com!cpk-news-feed3.bbnplanet.com!news.bbnplanet.com!news.intr.net!in1.nntp.cais.net!pegasus.hermesnet.net!not-for-mail From: "diamono" <diamono@geocities.com> Newsgroups: soc.culture.african Subject: Re: shell in nigeria Date: 4 May 1997 21:51:23 GMT Organization: Hermes Internet Service, Inc., Washington, DC Message-ID: <01bc58e6$aec80e00$7206b1cd@mufeedah-ppp> References: <ejawse-0305971113000001@ip203-87.cc.interlog.com> NNTP-Posting-Host: hera-24.hermesnet.net X-Newsreader: Microsoft Internet News 4.70.1157
>From ijose chow <ejawse@interlog.com> wrote in article <ejawse-0305971113000001@ip203-87.cc.interlog.com>...
came a posting about
> ANNIVESARY OF THE MURDER OF KENULE SARO WIWA AND THE NINE OTHER OGONI > ENVIRONMENTALISTS Whoah! First there were a total of nine executed, Saro-Wiwa and eight others. And the label environmentalist which was attributed to the movement some four or five years ago has a terrible, and very distressing history.
Here it is in a nutshell: Many of the Ogoni people have been upset for years because the benefits of local industry (particularly oil refineries) were not going to the people. Their main political confrontation had been with local people as opposed to the federal military government or FMG. And it was an economic thing, as opposed to an environmental one, their interests being in wealth distribution and land use. But then at the 1992 "earth summit" in Rio de Janeiro they were discovered by the "Body Shop" people in London -- Anita Rodick and her minions -- during the "earth summit" in Rio. Roddick was able to hold out a carrot to them. She offered the one thing that could help them most, which was also the one thing they could not possibly manage to get by themselves -- namely access to the global mainstream media. But it came with a terrible price. Roddick and the crew converted their cause from a struggle against corporate capitalism into poster boys for the western bourgeois environmental movement. Now these Nigerian activists knew zilch, nada, nyet about environment. At a speaking engagement in London, for instance, one Ogoni spokesperson insisted oil spills cause acid rain because the raw petroleum evaporates into the clouds. In other words, they were used. The did not know the environmental lingo because their concerns lay elsewhere. Ultimately, there was the clash with LOCAL officials (not federal) and four Ogoni leaders died in a car that was torched during a riot. I am not saying that Rodick or any of them purposely caused their deaths, but they relished the confrontation. And I am sure the London crowd and their collaborators in the U.S. were not particularly hesitant about putting a bunch of Nigerians at risk. So ultimately, they all became martyrs for the "environment," something that was part of the western agenda and not the Nigerians. This is the kind of manipulation that has been going on. The real issue is development and how that process should benefit the Nigerian people.
>CAMPAIGN TO STOP A US$4 BILLION PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION AT BONNY >(NIGERIA) OF A PLANT TO CONVERT NATURAL GAS INTO LIQUID FORM >FOR SHIPMENT TO WESTERN COUNTRIES.
The plant should be built. And the earnings belong to the Nigerian people, or more specifically the workers. I am sure if you took a poll in that region, that people would far prefer to have good homes, modern conveniences, proper and affordable education, competent medical care, safe roads, and the things that people enjoy in the wealthy countries than they would to keep the oil under the ground. For God's sakes, get real.
>Oil exploration has resulted in drastic weather changes so severe >.....
Like in Texas? Or do I detect reflection of the subtle (perhaps subconscious) fear of wealth and industry in African hands that pervades the western elite these days?
>NIGERIA IS COMMITTED TO A FIVE YEAR PLAN THAT CALLS FOR INCREASING OIL >PRODUCTION CAPACITY TO 2.5 MILLION BARRELS PER DAY AND BOOSTING PROVEN >RESERVES TO OVER 20 BILLION BARRELS IN 1993/94. THIS WILL ONLY HAVE >THE EFFECTS OF FURTHER EXPLOITATION BY OIL MULTINATIONALS.
Not necessarily. If Nigeria were to act decisively to stem the outflow of resources from the country (as the government has been doing lately, despite false accusations appearing below in the original message), then the benefits of the vast national oil wealth would give Nigeria extraordinary power on the world scene. U.S. leaders have feared this intensely, particularly in the aftermath of the 1973-4 OPEC oil embargo. It was in that context that the nation's nationalist leader Muritala Muhamed was assassinated. For information about that please read:
http://www.africa2000.com/bndx/bao232.htm
>The Ogonis have a long history of preserving their surrounding >environment.
It's not environmentalism. It's poverty. They don't have the money to improve their surroundings.
>....KEN was arrested again in 1994 as his political activities was as >strong as ever. This time he was framed with the murder of his friends >and colleagues from the Ogoni....
He was set up, not framed. Once he was found and chosen to be the "poster boy" for bourgeois land interests (and for keeping a lid on Nigerian economic power) outsiders had a vested interest in confrontation. It is a tragedy, because what they really wanted was for the Nigerian people to get their fair share of the goodies.
>Since 1958 the Ogoni have been attempting to confront the oil >companies (ELF, AGIP) -SHELL in particular- over their irresponsible >activities (environmental destruction, political oppression through >the help of the Nigerian government and police....
It was not -- repeat NOT -- about environment. It was about the massive theft of riches from the Nigerian economy and from the labourers. And it is naive to state that "oppression" came from within. Even under the previous U.S.-friendly regime of I.B.B. repressive policies were largely dictated by western governments and imposed through so-called "aid" activities, the policies of western-controlled multilateral financial institutions, and all the rest. Again, read the Muritala Muhamed piece at http://www.africa2000.com/bndx/bao232.htm
>Two decades earlier agriculture and fishing was the backbone of the >Ogoni income.
And two hundred years ago the same could be said about the United States, or at least most of it. America became industrialized and emerged as a great power. Now on the wane, Americans and their European allies are trying to keep potential competitors weak. That is why it is so fashionable in the western (corporate controlled) media these days to weep crocodile tears about environment when the real fear is a challenge to the west from potentially wealthy but poorly-developed states like Nigeria.
>No royalties have been received to date for the lease of their >land for oil exploration.
Royalties are not really the solution. It is Nigerian oil and so the profits in their entirety should go to the Nigerian people.
>SHELL ... can >conveniently blame the Nigerian government for any of their atrocities >and illegal activities....
That's what I mean.
>Last year 1995, General Sanni Abacha abrogated laws protecting local >Nigerian businesses from complete ownership by foreign investors. >Under Abacha¹s regime, foreign individual or corporate investors can >completely own businesses or contracts in Nigeria and also repatriate >100% returns on investments.
The opposite is true. Since the U.S. more or less broke off its bilateral "development" pact with Nigeria, the government has been less accommodating to western interests. And this is to the good of Nigeria. It is not enough. But it is better than it was. the above statement is absolutely and utterly false.
If you want to do something about the situation, oppose U.S. intervention -- period. Western funded development projects, western-hired NGOs (so-called non governmental organizations that get their money from governments), western propaganda and economic warfare, military aid, and the brutal credit terms dictated by the major powers are the problem. Nigeria has enormous natural and human resources. And that is what her enemies fear most of all.
POWER TO THE PEOPLE!!!!
--------------1B76E87E793F9A9FE900B7A4--
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Date: Mon, 05 May 1997 01:50:40 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Fwd: Director acts on criticism of U.N. Habitat Centre Message-ID: <336D7530.4E171740@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Copyright 1997 Reuters Ltd. All rights reserved.
Director acts on criticism of U.N. Habitat Centre.
By Manoah Esipisu NAIROBI, May 4 (Reuter) - The director of the Nairobi-based U.N. Centre for Human Settlements (Habitat) on Sunday announced a "revitalisation action plan" in response to international criticism of its performance and financial controls. Wally N'Dow said in a press statement the plan to meet what he termed "constructive criticism" of Habitat's administrative and financial performance was aimed at more efficient fund-raising, tighter control of spending, and a more efficient and transparent financial reporting system. He said it provided for restructuring Habitat, which is responsible within the U.N. system for improvement of all aspects of housing, especially in the developing world. N'Dow, said the plan stressed greater participation by Habitat staff and stronger training. He called it part of an overall U.N. reform process. N'Dow, of Gambia, took over the Habitat centre in 1994. N'Dow had earlier rejected as "incorrect in facts and judgement" a scathing U.N. report that said Habitat urgently needed a financial and policy overhaul to survive. The report by the U.N. office of Internal Oversight Services led by Karl Paschke of Germany said Habitat had few financial controls, hired unneeded consultants, assigned staff to tasks they did not perform and functioned in a muddled organisational and policy structure. "Allowing the current state of affairs to persist for any length of time into the future would be reprehensible. Accordingly, the situation of Habitat is serious and should not be allowed to continue," the report said. U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan agreed with the findings, his spokesman Fred Eckhard said. A separate report commissioned by Uganda, South Africa, Denmark and the Netherlands into Habitat also spoke of problems in management, especially financial resources. The Habitat Centre was set up after the first U.N. conference on human settlements, in Vancouver, Canada, in 1976.
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 15:07:55 JST +900 From: binta@iuj.ac.jp To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: [Fwd: shell in nigeria] Message-ID: <199705050558.OAA24857@mlsv.iuj.ac.jp> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Lat,
Thanks for the forward on Shell in Nigeria. The second enclosure sounds interesting-- a question of the divide in Nigeria about the whole issue.
Lamin Drammeh.
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Date: Mon, 05 May 1997 09:42:01 +0200 From: Abdou Gibba <Abdou.Gibba@smr.uib.no> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference Message-ID: <2.2.32.19970505074201.0068acf4@golf.uib.no> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
At 21:13 04.05.97 -0400, M. Darboe wrote: >Recently, I posted three or four politically relatively provocative items on the Gambia List. I was amazed, surprised and even concerned when hardly anybody reacted to the postings. Deja vu: Apathy or indifference?
M. DARBOE!
I DON'T THINK YOU CAN FORCE PEOPLE INTO REACTING TO YOUR POSTINGS. WHILE OTHERS ARE OCCUPIED WITH POLITICS OTHERS ARE OCCUPIED WITH OTHER ISSUES LIKE, HOW TO HELP IMPROVE OUR EDUCATION AND HEALTH SYSTEMS, SOCIAL ISSUES LIKE POLYGAMY, DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ETC. I HAVE NEVER SEEN YOUR CONTRIBUTION TO THESE ISSUES BUT ONLY MATTERS OF THE UDP. NO ONE IS QUERYING YOU FOR THAT. YOU CAN LEAD THE HORSE TO THE STREAM BUT YOU CAN'T FORCE IT TO DRINK.
REGARDS, :)))Abdou Oujimai
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Date: Sun, 05 May 1996 12:08:45 +0300 From: BASS KOLLEH DRAMMEH <KOLLS567@QATAR.NET.QA> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference Message-ID: <318C701D.2957@QATAR.NET.QA> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit
M. Darboe wrote: > > Recently, I posted three or four politically relatively provocative items on the Gambia List. I was amazed, surprised and even concerned when hardly anybody reacted to the postings. Deja vu: Apathy or indifference? > > > > > > I will be waiting to see how many of you will now leap into the fray and re-energize the debate about our future and that of all Gambians.
MARIAMA!! THE EXCITEMENT OF DISCUSSING GAMBIAN POLITICS HAS NOT GONE ANYWHERE.IT IS VERY MUCH ALIVE AND KICKING.I AM SURE ALL OF US ARE MINDFUL OF THE FACT THAT WHEN THE BODY POLITICS OF A NATION COMPLAINS OF COMMON COLD, ALL THE OTHER ASPECTS OF LIFE IN THAT COUNTRY WOULD IMMEDIATELY START SNEEZING.HAVING SAID THAT,Man Does Not Live By Bread Alone,IF I MAY QUOTE JESUS HERE.Yai Kah Jeng,A MEMBER OF GAMBIA-L,ONCE COMPLAINED HERE THAT THIS LIST HAD A TENDENCY TO OVER-DISCUSS POLITICS AT THE DETRIMENT OF ALL THE OTHER VITAL ISSUES IN THE LIFE OF THE NATION.SO,I THINK EVEN THOUGH WE HAVE NOT LOST ANY OF OUR VIGOUR AND PASSION TO SCREAM AT EACH OTHER OVER OUR DIFFERENT POLITICAL OPINIONS,WE JUST WANT TO HAVE A SENSE OF PROPORTION BY GIVING THE ERSTWHILE NEGLECTED AREAS THEIR FAIR SHARE OF OUR ATTENTION.SO,IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH apathy OR indifference, JUST A REORGANISATION OF PRIORITIES,BUT I AM SURE WHEN HAVE BEEN ABLE TO ESTABLISH OUR Observer Online,SO THAT WE KNOW ON A DAILY BASIS WHAT WORKS AND WHAT DOES NOT WORK BACK HOME;THEN ,PERHAPS,WE WILL HAVE A LOT TO SCREAM AT EACH OTHER ABOUT.THAT IS WHEN THE FIREWORKS WILL START AGAIN!
REGARDS BASSSS!!
-- SZDDˆð'3Af¨
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 14:03:07 +0200 (MET DST) From: Olafiaklinikken Olafia <olafia@online.no> To: <Gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Report Gambia College for Musa Sowe Message-ID: <199705051203.OAA04516@online.no> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Hello Musa
Here is is the first report you missed from the Gambia College:
I am back from the Gambia. I did visited the Gambia College but neither the Principal, V. Principal, Registra nor the D. Registra were available. I did get meeting with Head of the School of Education, Agriculture and Public Health. Though Andreas friend Couldn=B4t take alon the planned materials but the samples she brought along wre higly appreciated as gifts rather than samples. Thanks alot Andrea for your concern for our motherland. They were waiting for diskettes for months the two packages were really a good start.
Concerning needed books the Heads of the various faculties did agree upon that this have to be work out with the students and make a list which will be sent over. They believe that it will be more appropiatethat the students and the libarians set up the list.
We were thinking about donating books and other school materials but the situation is not as easy as we thought over here. Chairs are very limited, during lectures the students have to be running nuts to find chairs. The materials which are seriously neede fast are: PENS, MARKERS, CHALK (assorted), FILES, ERASERS, PUNCHING MACHINES, DUPLICATING/PHOTOCOPYING PAPERS, SHARPENERS, MANILA CARDS, ORION PAPERS, DISKETTES 3.5,1.44mb, CELLOTAPES, RIBBONS (for Espon LQ 510ESC), DUSTERS, PHOTOCOPIERS, OVERHEAD AND SLIDE PROJECTORS, TELEVISION AND VIDEOS, COMPUTERS AND PRINTERS, COMPUTER TABLES, CLASSROOM CHAIRS, STEREOSETT W/ TURNTABLE, INTERCOM SYSTEM. Concerning Auditorium that belongs to the future and there is whatsoever no hints or plans to get one for the College.
The Home Economics department seriously needed COOKERS, KETTLES & COOKING UTENSILS.
It was not easy to make appoinments with the Gambia College. There is only one line which is in the secretary=B4s office, if one calls to Dr. Bojang= he has to be fetchfrom his office. The line at the secretary=B4s office is just= a telephone apparat. They really do need a switch board and other telephone hand sets for the V. Principal and the other Heads of departments for receiving calls. I would be donating a a switch board set with 22 channels or 10 telephone hand sets and they produced there own switch board. This will make communication easier, Any comments or questions are welcome
With kind regards
Omar S. Saho
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 08:08:20 -0400 From: Ceesay Soffie <Ceesay_Soffie@ems.prc.com> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Just a Thought (on ALD) Message-ID: <199705051204.IAA15764@news.prc.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain
Hi Sal and Gambia-L,
It is through that most of those who come to the DC area memorial day weekend come for the partying and the renewal of acquaintances, there has always been a forum for the exchange of ideas and to educate each other on matters of importance to our people. It is unfortunate that many people consider such forums as a waste of time, which they have never been. Last year's was quiet informative and had to be adjourned to my apartment after about five hours at the conference room. This year will be no different. We hope to get together our esteemed brothers and sisters to share ideas, opinions, history, suggestions on a number of different subjects.
Yes, I think it would be the ideal place to let the rest of the Gambians in the U.S. know of the existence of Gambia-L and its objectives - recruit them to the ideals of the bantab, so to speak. I will post the ALD program to the bantaba again. Thank you.
Soffie
> ---------- > From: SBarry1035@aol.com[SMTP:SBarry1035@aol.com] > Sent: Saturday, May 03, 1997 7:13PM > To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List > Subject: Just a Thought > >
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 11:19:48 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or Indifference Message-ID: <970505111948_187525379@emout18.mail.aol.com>
In response to what Mr. Darboe wrote and the subsequent reply by Latir, l agree with the points raised about apathy etc. The question l always ask myself is how can we make opinions and feelings a useful contribution and not just mere armchair political commentary. Is there a way that we can submit our ideas, criticisms etc to the present government and if we do, what will become of it?Perhaps in addition to reacting with words, we should go a step further and organize a formal body and set up a process whereby we can put our observations , ideas, criticisms etc, down on paper and get it in the hands of the Gambia government and see if there will be any response. Otherwise, l am afraid we will be only engaging in discussions that are good yes, but will it make a realistic difference? Perhaps at best, it will educate all of us as to the kind of government we want to have in our country. The ultimate solution will be for all of us to eventually go home and put our money where our mouth is, by participating fully in the political process, choosing candidates based on their competence to lead and who have and will implement a vision for progress rather than merely giving us an encore of the past with a slight twist. Each of us has to be willing to step forward and be heard and seen and l think a lot of us are not willing to do that.
Jabou.
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 12:02:57 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Mobutu resigns? Message-ID: <970505120256_640392619@emout17.mail.aol.com>
Hi everyone, In view of recent discussions about the issue in Zaire, l came across this article which was a front page story on Sunday's issue of the Nashville Tennessean.
MOBUTU POISED TO GIVE UP OFFICE.
With rebel forces closing in on the capital, President Mobutu Sese SEko of Zaire has said he will resign after nearly 32 (wow, only in Africa!!) years in power, American diplomats said yesterday. As South African diplomats struggled to start direct talks between Mobutu and the rebel leader, Laurent Kabila, the stage seemed set for Mobutu to abandon power and for rebels to make a quick entry into this city, the diplomats said. "The decision for him to leave has been made," one senior American official said. The major outstanding issue now appears to be whether Kabila will sieze undivided power or whether he will be persuaded to share it with other political forces. Speaking from Libreville, Gabon, where they arrived late Friday after a day of futile efforts to bring Mobutu and Kabila together aboard a South African warship, senior members of the delgation of President Clinton's special envoy to Zaire, Bill Richardson, said that with heavy Angolan support,Kabila was now preparing to take the capital, Kinshasa, by force if needed. But diplomats in Richardson's delegation said that in a letter to Clinton,Mobutu had already said he would resign.Members of Mobutu's entourage also said as much yesterday, indicating their shock that Kabila had not shown up for talks Friday even though all was in place for the Zairian president to step aside. Efforts to have the talks take place continued yesterday. Diplomats engaged in negotiation efforts said the breakdown Friday was frustrating because Kabila's change of heart came after strong signals from Mobutu. They said that before Kabila failed to show up for the talks Friday, Mobutu who is 66 and ill with prostate cancer, was prepared to "say he is going away for medical treatment, meaning in effect that he would not return" to Zaire. It was not immediately clear how Kabila's refusal to show up for talks Friday might affect Mobutu's resignation plans, but the rebels appear to be leaving Mobutu little choice.
I also read in Saturday's paper that Kabila had said that he did not show up for talks because he did not trust the Americans.
Jabou
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 18:37:34 +2000 From: mmjeng@image.dk To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Fwd: Unhealthy Lifestyles Thereaten Human Health Message-ID: <199705051631.SAA31528@ns.image.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: Quoted-printable
Unhealthy Lifestyles Threaten Human Health
May 5, 1997
Peter Masebu, PANA Correspondent
DAKAR, Senegal (PANA) - The World Health Organization (WHO) has expressed concern at the increase in diseases arising from sedentary occupations, inadequate physical activity, unsatisfactory diets, tobacco, alcohol and drugs in the developing world.
WHO said in its 1997 World Health Report issued in Geneva Monday that unhealthy lifestyles were responsible for the spiral in non-communicable diseases that were previously common in the richer parts of the planet.
In the report, WHO Director-General, Dr Hiroshi Nakajima, notes that the rising rate of these non-communicable diseases have imposed a double burden on poor countries, which are also confronted with high levels of infectious diseases.
The document, entitled Conquering Suffering, Enriching Humanity cites heart diseases, cancer and chronic pulmonary infections as the greatest killers.
Heart attacks and strokes together kill 15.3 million people a year followed by cancer (6.3 million) while chronic pulmonary diseases cause 2.9 million deaths a year.
These add up to 24.5 million deaths, or 47 percent of the annual global total of deaths which stood at over 52 million in 1996.
Infectious and parasitic diseases accounted for 17.3 million deaths while pre-natal and neonatal diseases accounted for 3.5 million deaths.
Some 585,000 maternal deaths were also recorded while six million resulted from other causes, including accidents, violence homicide and suicide.
Of the main causes of cancer, the WHO report mentions smoking, which accounts for one in 7 cancer cases worldwide.
Diabetes is the other menacing disease, whose number of sufferers is projected to rise from 135 million now to almost 300 million by the year 2025 due to population ageing, unhealthy diets, obesity and sedentary lifestyles.
In the 21st century, developing countries are expected to bear the brunt of the diabetes epidemic, with a rise in kidney failure, blindness, foot infections, gangrene and amputation of limbs. While the report applauds the increase in life expectancy from 48 years in 1955 to over 70 now, it nonetheless expressed fears that the rising prevalence of unhealthy lifestyles could increase diseases such as arthritis and the bone involutive condition as well as osteoporosis.
Dementia, particularly Alzheimer disease, are likely to become one of the leading causes of disability in the elderly worldwide, it said, adding that already 29 million people suffer from the disease.
At least 400 million people suffer from other mental disorders, ranging from mood and personality disorders to neurological conditions such as epilepsy which alone is estimated to affect 40 million people.
To limit the damage, the WHO spelled out priorities to improve mankind's ability to prevent, treat and rehabilitate the affected people.
Where possible, the UN agency will also help in efforts to cure non-communicable diseases and reduce the enormous suffering and disability that they cause.
As many of the diseases share a relatively small number of crucial risk factors, an integrated, coordinated approach to their prevention is therefore necessary, states the WHo report.
Among the priority actions, it added, is the urgent need to raise awareness of, and motivation for, healthy lifestyles .
Greetings. Matarr M. Jeng.
Copyright =A9 1997 Panafrican News Agency. All Rights Reserved.
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 18:22:46 -0400 (EDT) From: ASJanneh@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Just a Thought Message-ID: <970505182012_-1232279308@emout10.mail.aol.com>
Netters:
Whether it's ALD in the DC area or July 4th in Atlanta, my experience is that it has been extremely difficult to get our compatriots involved in anything other than partying and playing/watching soccer. Talk about educational advancement, political developments, economic self-sufficiency, etc. and the crowds will be nowhere to be found.
Let me know if your experience has been different!
Amadou Scattred-Janneh .....somewhere in the mountains of Tennessee!
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 15:31:48 -0700 From: sarian@osmosys.incog.com (Sarian Loum) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Air Afrique Message-ID: <199705052231.PAA22567@thesky.incog.com>
Hi,
I warned this particular passenger about Air Afrique and their business practices before she made her reservations. She told me she was getting a cheaper deal by paying $300.00 less than what the average airlines were asking for. So this shouldn't come as a surprise to her. Cheap doesn't always mean best, security and/or convenience. I only had to learn my lesson once and thats its no more Air Afrique for me. I once boarded Air Afrique from Dakar to New York and they didn't have enough food nor drinks for all the passengers on board. Service was lousy and we delayed overnight until the following evening before we could board a flight to New York. We were put in a nearby hotel alright but no word as to takeoff. We also had to fend for ourselves for a 24 hour period as far as food and drinks were concerned.
As far as I'm concerned I don't beleive in patronizing any African business unless they can deliver like their competitors, only then will they have my business. After all business is business and I want the best services I'm paying for.
Air Afrique has a reputation for lousy management and should therefore get out of this business in my opinion or go do their homework and learn more about operations management and what customer service is all about. If you can't do any of these then you shouldn't be in business in the first place.
I agree with Abdou's approach, take them to small claims court and the more passengers do this, the sooner they will be forced to address their incompetence which will impact their bottom line. If passengers are serious about this, they'll be forced to take corrective measures or simply go out of business. People shouldn't have to put up or tolerate this nonsense.
Sarian
> From tloum@u.washington.edu Sun May 4 13:17:34 1997 > Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 13:11:46 -0700 (PDT) > From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> > To: "GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> > Subject: Air Afrique > MIME-Version: 1.0 > X-To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu > X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > > > > Gambia-l, > > I received a very long letter from a female cousin in New York, detailing > some of the ordeals she underwent during the last Christmas vacation while > travelling to The Gambia with Air Afrique airlines. She asked me to post > it in The Internet. While it was too long, I decided to give you a summary > of the events that unfolded and then ask some few questions after it. > > Along with her 22 month old son, she purchased 2 round trip airline > tickets on Air Afrique from New York to Banjul and also paid for all the > excess baggage charges. At Dakar without any advanced warnings, they > stayed in the airport for three and half hours before getting a flight to > Banjul. At Banjul, she discovered four of her luggages were left behind > and one was opened and damaged. She followed the appropriate claims > procedures with assistance from Gambia Airways personnel. She was informed > that most luggages were left behind in New York due to the fact that the > capacity for all luggages checked in by Air Afrique personnel was more > than the allocated spaces available in The Air Afrique air craft. > According to her, this revealed mismanagement due to corruption and greed. > They requested cash for services that could not be delivered regardless of > the outcome. > Unfortunately for her, basic necessities for use during her > vacation were in the luggages left behind. At The Banjul Travel Office, > she was informed of the unavailability for any inconvenient allowances as > Air Afrique did not open an office with a representative in Banjul at the > time. Her luggages finally arrived on New Year's eve. > By departure time in January, Air Afrique had opened an office in > Banjul at Hagan Street. She was told by the manager Mr Njogu Secka that > her name was on the list with a cancelled code. Acccording to her, Air > Afrique has the bad habit of reselling already sold seats to new > customers. On Sunday, January 12th, she checked in and paid all the excess > fees for her flight back to New York. Air Afrique did not have the decency > to allow passengers with children the priviledge of boarding the aircraft > first. The departure was scheduled for 12pm but never left until later as > the original Air Afrique jet never showed up and no explanation and > apologies were offered. > At Dakar, things got worse when they were issued no boarding > passes for the continued flight to New York. They were told that the > flight was completely full with no more seats available. By this time, she > was among 17 other passengers ( mostly Gambians ) which included four > teenagers and two infants. This triggered endless screams and yelling with > no managers to attend to their needs. Food, water, resting place were not > offered until 7pm that evening. They were taken to Hotel Ngor which was > close to the airport. They were then routed at 1am, dropped off at the > airport and stayed there till 6am before boarding another Air Afrique > flight to Paris with the promise that that they will be connected to > another Air Afrique flight to New York. They missed the connecting flight > at Paris. Screaming and yelling started again until French Police came and > restrain the situation. They were taken to a Holiday Inn to spend another > night, off course with no inconvenient allowances. Luckily, Air France was > able to connect them to another TWA ( Trans World Airlines ) to New York > the next day, Tuesday January 14th. Upon arrival at New York, they found > out that their luggages did not arrive and to add insult to injury, there > was > no Air Afrique representative for an explanation. The Air France manager > told them of their disgust the whole week with Air Afrique as no > communication was coming from them for explanation to angry Air Afrique > passengers with lost luggages. As of the date, this letter was written to > me, no phone calls or indications were given by Air Afrique as to when > they will get access to their luggages. > A signed letter of complaint by all affected passengers were sent > to U.S. Senator John MCain, subcomittee chairman on aviation, U.S. > Representative Bud Shuster, chairman of Transportation committee and > various Air Afrique managers in Paris, Dakar and Banjul. > > In light of the above story, here are some few questions that I am posing > to group : > > 1. Should Air Afrique be allowed to operate under such circumstances when > they are unable to deliver quality services which their passengers have > paid for ? > > 2. Have you ever experienced similar encounters with Air Afrique or any > other air lines ? > > 3. Should we be bound to patronize Air Afrique just because it is an > African owned air line or should we spend our money on whoever can give us > the best services regardless of the national origins of its ownership ? > > 4. After this experience, what else can be done to prevent Air Afrique > of future reoccurences with its passengers ? > > I will be looking forward for a discussion on this issue since all > of us have and will be travelling with Air lines. > Thanks > Tony > > > > ======================================================================== > > Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu > Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice > 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax > University of Washington > Box 353200 > Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 > > ========================================================================= > > > > >
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Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 20:35:32 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Just a Thought Message-ID: <970505203530_-433221587@emout01.mail.aol.com>
Amadou Scattred Janneh wrote:
<<Netters:
Whether it's ALD in the DC area or July 4th in Atlanta, my experience is that it has been extremely difficult to get our compatriots involved in anything other than partying and playing/watching soccer. Talk about educational advancement, political developments, economic self-sufficiency, etc. and the crowds will be nowhere to be found.
Let me know if your experience has been different!
Amadou Scattred-Janneh .....somewhere in the mountains of Tennessee!
Amadou,
No, my experience has not been different concerning this very subject. Arm chair politics and endless criticisms will not get us anywhere as a people or as a nation. That is why l say if we cannot get down to the nitty gritty of actually implementing things, we might as well forget it. Best regards to you and your family.
Jabou.
----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Mon May 5 18:24:11 1997 Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> Received: from lists.u.washington.edu (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by mrin50.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-1.0.1) with ESMTP id SAA16838; Mon, 5 May 1997 18:24:01 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (server@lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id PAA21660; Mon, 5 May 1997 15:23:50 -0700 Received: from mx5.u.washington.edu (mx5.u.washington.edu [140.142.32.6]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id PAA27040 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Mon, 5 May 1997 15:23:22 -0700 Received: from emout10.mail.aol.com (emout10.mx.aol.com [198.81.11.25]) by mx5.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id PAA19092 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Mon, 5 May 1997 15:23:18 -0700 Received: (from root@localhost) by emout10.mail.aol.com (8.7.6/8.7.3/AOL-2.0.0) id SAA13512 for gambia-l@u.washington.edu; Mon, 5 May 1997 18:22:46 -0400 (EDT) Message-Id: <970505182012_-1232279308@emout10.mail.aol.com> Date: Mon, 5 May 1997 18:22:46 -0400 (EDT) Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: ASJanneh@aol.com To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Just a Thought X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >>
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Date: Tue, 6 May 1997 23:07:16 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Techical problems Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.95.970506230537.15557C-100000@saul1.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Gambia-l, we have experiencing techical difficulties with the list during the last few days. We are working to solve it. Thanks Tony
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 04:47:17 -0400 (EDT) From: Abdourahman Touray <abdou@cs.columbia.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: List Problems Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.96.970507044651.25455A-100000@sally.cs.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Hi Folks, As some of you know (those whose messages were rejected by the list), we are experiencing problems with the list. The file that the server uses to determine membership in the list has been locked by some program. So until this file is available again, the server will not be able to accept mail from members as it cannot tell who is a member and who is not. We hope we can resolve this problem before long. -Abdou.
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 05:07:18 -0400 (EDT) From: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Test Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.95L.970507050625.7667B-100000@terve.cc.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
If this message gets through .....
******************************************************************************* A.TOURAY Computer Science Columbia University New York, NY 10027
MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137
A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. I WANDER AND I WONDER. ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. *******************************************************************************
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 11:12:15 +0200 From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia-l@u.washington.edu'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: RE: Test Message-ID: <c=DK%a=_%p=DIF%l=DKDIFS02-970507091215Z-514@dkdifs02.dif.dk> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Mr. A. Touray, yes it went through, but I can understand from Momodou Camara, who I contacted yesterday, that there are problems. I have send a comment three times, so when You find it on the back up, please cancel the two of them if possible. Else I will thank you for a fine job. Asbj=F8rn
>---------- >From: ABDOU[SMTP:at137@columbia.edu] >Sent: 7. May 1997 11.07 >To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List >Subject: Test > >If this message gets through ..... > >************************************************************************= ***** >** >A.TOURAY >Computer Science=20 >Columbia University=20 >New York, NY 10027 > >MY URL ON THE WWW=3D http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137 > >A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. >SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. >I WANDER AND I WONDER. >ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. >************************************************************************= ***** >** > >
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Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 05:21:15 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Fwd: Zaireans panic after Mobutu's palace is looted Message-ID: <3370498B.7FCFB152@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1 Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Zaireans panic after Mobutu's palace is looted By Alec Russell in Kinshasa =
PRESIDENT Mobutu's luxurious pink marble palace in the jungle was reported yesterday to have been looted by his retreating soldiers as diplomatic efforts intensified to save the capital, Kinshasa, from the same fate.
With the rebels stepping up the pressure on the city, the president's spokesman said last night that Mr Mobutu would be leaving today for Gabon's capital, Libreville, to discuss the crisis with the presidents of Gabon, Togo and Congo.
This prompted renewed speculation that the ailing Zairean leader would use the summit to announce a "dignified" exit from power and that he would not return to his country. One source close to the president said that he was officially intending to return "but, if you ask me, I'd say he has plans to make this a transit stop on the way to France", where he has a villa.
But after the endless diplomatic twists and turns of the past few months, residents of Kinshasa have long since lost hope of a peaceful settlement and are nervously preparing for a final showdown.
Leaflets attributed to the rebels circulated in the city centre calling on people to stay calm and to wear white headbands to show their support for the rebel alliance.
Fears for the days ahead were heightened by reports that Mr Mobutu's ancestral village, Gbadolite, known as the "Versailles in the jungle" had been stripped by army units retreating before the rebel advance.
Gbadolite was a remote village of about 1,500 people when Mr Mobutu took power in 1965, but by the mid-eighties it was a small city reported to have the best water, electrical, telephone and hospital service in the country.
In Mr Mobutu's heyday, Gbadolite had a daily Boeing 737 flight to Kinshasa and its runway was specially lengthened to accommodate a Concorde to take him to his dentist in France. When residents in the capital started to turn against him in 1990, Mr Mobutu took up permanent residence in Gbadolite. But he left it for the last time in January when the rebel advance gathered pace.
According to well-placed regional military sources government soldiers have stripped Gbadolite bare, maintaining their record of the past seven months of looting as they flee. One of Mr Mobutu's sons was seen yesterday in the office of Swissair booking a seat for himself on last night's flight to Europe.
As the end of the regime draws closer, there is a mounting sense of panic that the soldiers could out of spite pillage Kinshasa, as they did in 1991 and 1993, when they killed hundreds of people and devastated large parts of the city.
The rebel leader, Laurent Kabila, claims that his forces are within 40 miles of the airport, which is 20 miles from the city centre.
The United Nations mission in Kinshasa will begin evacuating all but key personnel from the Zairean capital today. The mission had a staff of more than 60 a few months ago, but some of these may already have left, sources said.
=A9 Copyright Telegraph Group Limited 1997
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 05:24:15 -0400 (EDT) From: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.95L.970507051154.7667E-100000@terve.cc.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Hi folks, We are presently experiencing problems with the list server. The problem is that a program is locking the file that the server uses to determine membership in gambia-l. So this seems to be an interim solution. I know many of you have had your messages sent back, so please resend your messages (if you cannot do so, let me know and I will send the rejected copy). If the problem persists, please be patient. We should also stop subscribing new members until when this problem has been solved in its entirety (hopefully by tomorrow). Thanks and bye for now, -Abdou. ******************************************************************************* A.TOURAY Computer Science Columbia University New York, NY 10027
MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137
A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. I WANDER AND I WONDER. ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. *******************************************************************************
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 06:52:39 -0400 (EDT) From: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: just a thought (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.95L.970507065138.9085H-100000@terve.cc.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
/* Forward Message !!!!!!!!!!!!!!! */
From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Asbj=F8rn_Nordam?= <asbjorn.nordam@dif.dk> To: "'gambia'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: just a thought Date: Tue, 6 May 1997 09:13:44 +0200 X-Mailer: Microsoft Exchange Server Internet Mail Connector Version 4.0.993.5 Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable
Friends, don=B4t make it too serious or difficult. I should go for = exactly the same. If we were some danes in west-Africa, and we decided to come together once in a year in Banjul, Dakar, Accra or another interesting city, we would first of all chat, have fun, partying, make a really "danish feast". But I=B4m sure that if we also put 2 hours in between = for discussions on "homeland-issues" on a more serious level, that would be appreciated by most of us (not all), because we as danes living far from home need to talk about "home" with our own countrymen. But it will be important that the headlines is something that unite us, and not split us. Not to say that the agenda should be hoovered for all political subjects. But as we have seen, also on Gambia-L, we are different when it comes to political means of action to reach the goals. But I=B4m sure that we as danes could find 1 or 2 topics to discuss, and find 1 or 2 projects back home to support, because what unit us: We are danes, comming from the same country, which we love (more than we hate it), even we for some reasons have to live abroad. And as danes living abroad, gives us a brillant opportunity to see things from distance,and sometimes that gives a better view, than standing in the middle of the "jungle". Why should it be otherwise with gambians. Give it a chance. Just my comment Asbj=F8rn Nordam=20
Whether it's ALD in the DC area or July 4th in Atlanta, my experience is that it has been extremely difficult to get our compatriots involved in anything other than partying and playing/watching soccer. Talk about educational advancement, political developments, economic self-sufficiency, etc. and the crowds will be nowhere to be found. Let me know if your experience has been different! Amadou Scattred-Janneh .....somewhere in the mountains of Tennessee!
Amadou, No, my experience has not been different concerning this very subject. Armchair politics and endless criticisms will not get us anywhere as a people or as a nation. That is why l say if we cannot get down to the nitty gritty of actually implementing things, we might as well forget it. Best regards to you and your family. Jabou.
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Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 15:35:52 +0100 From: bdukuray@login.eunet.no To: gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: No subject was specified. Message-ID: <33709335.FB1F4E67@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Hello everyone --------------------------------------------------------------------- This message is being brought to you by Dynamic Mail software - the powerful online marketing tool to explode your business easier and faster. For more information please visit our web site at : http://www.australia.net.au/~apexpi/dynamail.htm
Bahary
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 15:38:34 +2000 From: mmjeng@image.dk To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Gambian Delegation In Ghana Message-ID: <199705071249.OAA02167@ns.image.dk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=ISO-8859-1 Content-transfer-encoding: Quoted-printable
Gambian Delegation In Ghana
May 7, 1997
ACCRA, Ghana (PANA) - A two-man Gambian delegation led by the Minister of Agriculture, Musa Saihou Mbenga, delivered a special message from President Yahaya Jammeh to President Jerry Rawlings, in connection with the forthcoming summit of countries which border the Sahara.
The message was received by Vice President John Evans Atta Mills at the Castle, Osu, on behalf of President Rawlings who is currently out of the country.
They held discussions on havoc caused by desertification and control measures within sub-saharan Africa.
Mbenga said in an interview that he was in Accra partly to seek support for the next summit of the Frontline States bordering the Sahara which is slated for Banjul in September this year.
The summit, which is held every three years, focuses on pressing economic, social and environmental problems in socio-economic the sub-region.
Countries constituting the frontline states are Chad, Gambia, Mauritania, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Niger and Mali. Greetings. Matarr M. Jeng
Copyright =A9 1997 Panafrican News Agency. All Rights Reserved.
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 23:11:50 JST +900 From: binta@iuj.ac.jp To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Gambian Delegation In Ghana Message-ID: <199705071406.XAA00104@mlsv.iuj.ac.jp> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Gambia-l
Would someone help me understand this message. Apparently, Ghana is not one of the so-called frontline states affected by the intrusion of the Sahara. I am not saying that Ghana should keep its fingers crossed while the Sahara consumes neighbouring countries, but what support are we seeking from them? To organise the meeting?
Lamin Drammeh.
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 08:37:01 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> Cc: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>, ; Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.95.970507082221.20169B-100000@saul6.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Gambia-l, as already explained by Abdou, we have been experiencing technical difficulties since Tuesday night ( Pacific time ) May 5th. That seemed to have been the reason why the list was not functional during the last few days. Some of you might have received rejection notices of your postings and probably also a statement indicating that you have been unsubscribed and not a member of Gambia-l. When things get back to normal, you can resubmit your postings. I have a feeling that the problem is almost solved. I received a complete directory of the list along with the email addresses when I reviewed it prior to posting this message, something that was lacking during the last two days. Please respond to this message through the list to ensure that things are back to normal. Abdou, our technical manager has been diligently working on the problem while I have informed our UW computer people about it. Many thanks to Abdou and for also your patience. Thanks Tony
========================================================================
Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax University of Washington Box 353200 Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 =========================================================================
On Wed, 7 May 1997, ABDOU wrote:
> Hi folks, > We are presently experiencing problems with the list server. The > problem is that a program is locking the file that the server uses to > determine membership in gambia-l. So this seems to be an interim > solution. > I know many of you have had your messages sent back, so please > resend your messages (if you cannot do so, let me know and I will send > the rejected copy). If the problem persists, please be patient. > We should also stop subscribing new members until when this > problem has been solved in its entirety (hopefully by tomorrow). > Thanks and bye for now, > -Abdou. > ******************************************************************************* > A.TOURAY > Computer Science > Columbia University > New York, NY 10027 > > MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137 > > A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. > SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. > I WANDER AND I WONDER. > ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. > ******************************************************************************* > > >
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Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 00:57:36 JST +900 From: binta@iuj.ac.jp To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <199705071551.AAA01232@mlsv.iuj.ac.jp> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; CHARSET=US-ASCII
Thanks to Tony and Abdou for their endurance and much needed sacrifices.
Lamin.
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|
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Momodou
Denmark
11513 Posts |
Posted - 19 Jun 2021 : 16:24:33
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 16:57:47 +0100 (BST) From: "M. Njie" <mn015@students.stir.ac.uk> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <Pine.HPP.3.91.970507165534.3260A-100000@whale.students.stir.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Hello there,
Everything is back to normal now. Thanks for your efforts; it must have been a terrible time for you. Best wishes.
Pa Modou
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 12:17:37 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <970507121446_-1533814967@emout03.mail.aol.com>
Touray, Message got through.
Jabou
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 12:39:40 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Fwd: Zaireans panic after Mobutu's palace is looted Message-ID: <970507123940_-1868792133@emout13.mail.aol.com>
Latir, Thanks for the news on Mobutu and Zaire. What a sad state of affairs we have here.Another son of Africa who has looted and pillaged his own people, much in the same way that his soldiers are doing now, and then running out of the country to go and revel in the blood money he amassed in foreign banks. Running like a dog with his tail between his legs. And what was his purpose for stepping up to lead his people again?
Jabou.
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Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 09:48:39 PDT From: "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: INTRODUCING MYSELF TO THIS FORUM. Message-ID: <199705071648.JAA09779@f14.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
NOW THAT MY IDENTITY IS ESTABLISHED, I AM READY TO SUBMIT MY >CONTRIBUTIONS TO THIS WORTHY FORUM. >BUT FIRST,MY ALMA MATA IS SAINT AUGUSTINE'S HIGH FROM WHICH I >GRADUATED IN JUNE 1991. I WENT BACK FOR MY A' LEVELS BUT WAS NOT >AROUND LONG ENOUGH TO GRADUATE IN '93. I ALSO ATTENTED YUNDUM PRIMARY >SCHOOL (WHERE I WAS KNOWN AS BAIMUNDOW) AND SAINT PETER'S PRIMARY (IN >LAMIN). > I AM A 25YR. YOUNG GAMBIAN AT KENTUCKY STATE UNIVERSITY. I AM IN >THE MIDDLE OF FINALS OF MY SOPHOMORE YR. AS A CRIMINAL JUSTICE MAJOR. >I AM SCHEDULED TO GRADUATE IN MAY OF '99 (2 MORE YRS.!!!!!) MAY >GOD KEEP US ALL ALIVE LONG ENOUGH TO WITNESS IT IN JAMMA. >I AM VERY EXCITED ABOUT GAMBIA-L SINCE IT GETS A LITTLE LONELY OUT >HERE SOMETIMES (EVEN WITH 5 OTHER GAMBIAN SISTERS HERE, I AM THE >ONLY MALE NOW). I MISS TALKING TO GAMBIANS, I MISS BEING GAMBIAN, >AND I MISS THE BENA-CHINS , MBAHALS , DOMODAS , AND CHU'S. THE ONLY >TIME I REALLY GET STUFF LIKE THAT IS ON OUR INTERNATIONAL DAY, THE >RARE OCCASSIONS THAT THE SISTERS HERE TAKE TIME OUT FROM STUDIES TO >COOK, AND WHEN I GO OUT OF STATE TO VISIT OTHER GAMBIANS. I AM ALSO >NOT A PHONE PERSON OR A LETTER-WRITING PERSON, SO IT BECAME VERY >DIFFICULT FOR ME TO MAINTAIN ALL MY NATIVE CONTACTS. I AM HOPING TO >RE-ESTABLISH CONTACT WITH OLD FRIENDS LIKE DOCS' MARENA, LAMIN DRAMMEH, >AND A WHOLE LOT OF OTHER PEOPLE. >I HAVE READ SOME USEFUL, ENTERTAINING, INFORMATIVE , AND OR MEANINGFUL >DISCUSSIONS AND CONTRIBUTIONS HERE. FROM NEWS TO DISCUSSIONS ABOUT THE >ALD, FROM POLYGAMY TO APATHY OF THE POLITICAL SITUATION AT HOME, FROM >ECONOMIC CONCERNS TO EDUCATIONAL MATTERS. SOME INTERESTING, SOME VAIN, >SOME AMBIGIOUS AND SOME VERY FOCUSED. BUT I AM STILL GLAD TO SEE THEM >ALL. >THERE ARE SO MANY GAMBIANS OUT HERE AND IN EUROPE, I JUST HOPE THAT >NONE OF US ABANDONS OUR MOTHERLAND. I MYSELF HAVEN'T BEEN BACK SINCE >I GOT HERE, AND HAVE ABSOLUTELY NO PLANS OF GOING BACK BEFORE I >GRADUATE. I HOWEVER, HOPE TO (I AM GOING TO) BE MORE INVOLVED WITH >THINGS CONCERNING THE GAMBIA BOTH HERE AND BACK THERE. I JUST HAVE TO >ESTABLISH MY FINANCIAL AND EDUCATIONAL SECURITY AND GET MYSELF IN GOOD >ENOUGH SHAPE TO BE ABLE TO SUPPORT MYSELF BEFORE I CAN BE OF MUCH >USE ANYBODYELSE.. I WILL DO WHAT I CAN UNTILL THEN, EVEN IF NOT >MUCH. I AM PLANNING TO ATTEND THE ALD AND OR THE 4TH OF JULY IN >ATLANTA. I AM NOT ONE TO SHY AWAY FROM CONSTRUCTIVE DEBATE OR >DISCUSSION AND I WILL GLADLY BE INVOLVED WHEN I SEE IT WORTH MY >WHILE. MAKE NO MISTAKE HOWEVER, TO SEE SO MANY OF MY COUNTRY MEN AND >LADIES TOGETHER WOULD BE A SPECIAL JOY TO ME, TO SEE PEOPLE I >HAVEN'T SEEN IN YEARS AND RENEW RELATIONSHIPS. I SHALL BE LOKING >FORWARD TO PARTYING AND HAVING A FELLOWSHIP GOOD TIME, AND A >GAMBIANLY-RIGOUROUS FOOTBALL GAME. I MISS THE GOOD GAMBIAN LIFE NOW >THAT I HAVE LIVED SO MUCH OF THIS "WESTERN CIVILISATION". >THIS SHOULD BE ENOUGH FOR NOW AND I WLL E LOOKING FORWARD TO >CONTRIBUTING IN THE ISSUES THAT CONCERN US ALL. > > A GAMBIAN In HILL-BILLY LAND, NJAGA JAGNE. > >
--------------------------------------------------------- Get Your *Web-Based* Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ---------------------------------------------------------
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Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 12:55:45 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: just a thought (fwd) Message-ID: <970507125544_-830593347@emout20.mail.aol.com>
Abdou, Partying and then discussing other things in the process is fine, but l think the problem being addressed here is that it seems besides the partying, all else that is accomplished is just that and endless discussion without any real action. Nothing will ever be accomplished without real action.
Jabou
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Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 13:06:27 -0400 From: ndeye marie njie <njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, ndeye.marie.njie@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: JObs Africa (fwd) Message-ID: <199705071715.NAA25286@mail4.uts.ohio-state.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Please e-mail fanjie@gsu.edu for more info, on the information provided below:
>Date: Tue, 06 May 1997 19:47:28 -0400 (EDT) >From: "Fatou N'Jie" <gs01fnn@panther.Gsu.EDU> >Subject: JObs Africa >To: "N'Deye Marie N'Jie" <njie.1@osu.edu> > > >I found this website for overseas jobs and came across this address for >jobs in africa. http://africa.cis.co.za:81/jobs/jobs.html. It is >advertising for jobs in South Africa. Can you post the address to the >Gambia list as well as my web page. They can go into Favorite Sites and >under jobs, go to International jobs - Africa. They can also email me for >more info. > >******************************************** >* Fatou N'Jie * >* Decision Sciences Department * >* Georgia State University * >* * >* Email: fanjie@gsu.edu * >* http://www.gsu.edu/~gs01fnn * >******************************************** > > >
----------------------------------- N'Deye Marie N'Jie Graduate Research Associate The Ohio State University 260 Agricultural Engineering Bldg 590 Woody Hayes Drive Columbus, OH 43210
Fax: (614)292-9448 Phone: (614) 688-3445 (W) E-mail: njie.1@osu.edu
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Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 13:10:20 -0400 From: ndeye marie njie <njie.1@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu>, ndeye.marie.njie@postbox.acs.ohio-state.edu To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: More Job opportunities in Africa (fwd) Message-ID: <199705071718.NAA25726@mail4.uts.ohio-state.edu> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
> > >OPPORTUNITIES IN AFRICA: >________________________________________________________________________ >________________________________________________________________________ > >EMPLOYMENT: > >- AMERICAN FRIENDS SERVICE COMMITTEE. Emphasizes African participation and >self-determination in its development and international affairs work. Normal >overseas placement is for two years. Contact: American Friends Service >Committee, 1501 Cherry Street, Philadelphia, PA 19102 (215) 241-7000. > >- AMERICAN PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOCIATION (APHA)- International Health Programs. >International consultation and technical assistance services. Provides >placement services for health professionals. Contact: APHA International >Health Programs 1015 15th Street, NW Washington, D.C. 20005 (202) 789-5600. > >- CARE. Contact: International Employment- CARE 660 First Ave. New York, NY >10016 Fax (212) 532-6162. > >- CENTER FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT & ENVIRONMENT. Contact: Director, >CIDE World Resources Institute, 1709 New York Ave., NW, Suite 700 >Washington, D.C. 20006 (202) 662-2532. > >- FORD FOUNDATION. Position in Sudan - Arabic fluency Position in NY - >French fluency (backstopping African programs) Position in Nairobi, Kenya >(program officer in Human Rights and Social Justice Africa and Middle East >Programs). Contact: Ford Foundation 320 East 43rd Street, New York, NY >10017. > >- INSTITUTE FOR TRANSPORTATION AND DEVELOPMENT POLICY. Contact: ITDP 1787 >Columbia Road, NW Washington, DC 20009 (202) 387-1434. > >- INTERNATIONAL FOOD POLICY RESEARCH INSTITUTE. Contact: IFPRI, 1776 >Massachusetts Ave., NW Washington, DC 20036 (202) 862-5600. > >- INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL CORPS. International health care organization with >operations in Angola, Somalia and other African countries has international >positions for health professionals. Contact: International Medical Corps >5933 West Century Blvd., Suite 310 Los Angeles, CA 90045 (213) 670-0800. > >- MENNONITE CENTRAL COMMITTEE. Openings for individuals skilled in >agriculture, health, education, social services, peace/justice concerns and >economic and technical services. Current listings appear bimonthly in the >Service Opportunities Listing. Contact: Mennonite Central Committee 21 South >12th Street, Box M Akron, PA 17501 (717) 859-1151. > >- MIDWEST OVERSEAS RECRUITING FAIR. Algeria, Botswana, Burkina Faso, >Cameroon, Egypt, Ethiopia, Gabon, Gambia, Kenya, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, >Morocco, Niger, Nigeria, South Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Tunisia, >Zaire, Zambia. Contact: Overseas Placement Service for Educators, University >of Northern Iowa, Cedar Falls, IA FAX (319) 263-6998. > >- THE NATIONAL COOPERATIVE BUSINESS ASSOCIATION. MBA's fluent in French or >Portuguese for positions in Africa. Contact: NCBA, 1401 New York Ave, NW, >Suite 110 Washington, DC 20005. > >- THE NATIONAL COUNCIL OF CHURCHES IN THE U.S.A. Several offices of the NCC >provide information on overseas work in salaried or volunteer positions. >Contact: The National Council of Churches in the U.S.A. Attn.: Overseas >Personnel Director 475 Riverside Drive New York, NY 10115 (212) 870-2511. > >- NATIONAL RESOURCE COUNCIL/NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Research Associate- >develop workshops on issues of democratization in Africa. Requirements: MA >or MS, written and oral communication skills, administrative experience. >Contact: Commission on Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education, >National Resource Council, 2101 Constitution Ave., NW HA 184 Washington, >D.C. 20418. > >- NATIONAL RESOURCE COUNCIL/NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCE. Senior Research >Associate- research & planning for workshops, reports MS or MA social >sciences, 6 yrs. relevant experience, communication skills, administrative >ability, experience in Africa, French. Contact: Commission on Behavioral and >Social Sciences and Education National Resource Council 2101 Constitution >Ave., NW HA 184 Washington, DC 20418. > >- NEW TRANSCENTURY FOUNDATION. Recruits for A.I.D. and African >government-funded positions in universities and ministries. Publishes JOB >(The Job Opportunities Bulletin). Projects administered by private American >organizations. Contact: New Transcentury Foundation 1724 Kalorama Road, NW >Washington, D.C. 20009 (202) 328-4400. > >- OXFAM AMERICA. Positions West and Southern Africa. Contact: Oxfam-America, >Recruitment Committee-SAFR or WAFR, 115 Broadway, Boston, MA 02116 (617) >482-1211. > >- PROJECT CONCERN'S OPTION SERVICE. A nonprofit personnel service for health >care professionals. Short and long-term overseas positions are available. >Contact: Project Concern's Option Service 3550 Afton Road San Diego, CA >92123 (619) 279-9690. > >- SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH COUNCIL- AFRICA PROGRAM. Program Associateships >and Fellowships in African Studies. Contact: Africa Program, Social Science >Research Council, 604 Third Ave., New York, NY 10158 (212) 661-0280. > >- TECHNOSERVE, INC. A technical assistance organization that works to >establish self-help enterprises for low-income populations of developing >countries, including Ghana, Kenya, Rwanda, Sudan, Zaire, Tanzania and >Nigeria. Contact: TechnoServe, Inc. 148 East Ave. Norwalk, CT 06851 (203) >852-0377. > >- UNITED NATIONS. Will send a list of U.N. specialized agencies. Requests >for employment should be made to the agency directly. Contact: United >Nations, General Recruitment Section 1 United Nations Plaza New York, NY >10017 (212) 963-8876. > >- USAID INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT INTERN PROGRAM. This is USAID's >entry-level program. Candidates must have a BA degree and, in many fields, a >graduate degree; and at least two years of related professional experience. >The program is for those who seek to pursue a career as a Foreign Service >Officer and is therefore highly competitive and selective. Contact: USAID >International Development Intern Program, AID Recruitment Division, Room >242, SA-1 2401 E Street, NW Washington, D.C. 30523-0114. >---------------------------------------------------------------------------- >Editor: sisskind@sas.upenn.edu >
----------------------------------- N'Deye Marie N'Jie Graduate Research Associate The Ohio State University 260 Agricultural Engineering Bldg 590 Woody Hayes Drive Columbus, OH 43210
Fax: (614)292-9448 Phone: (614) 688-3445 (W) E-mail: njie.1@osu.edu
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 10:25:40 -0700 (PDT) From: Debbie Proctor <proctord@u.washington.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <Pine.A41.3.95b.970507102531.19136A-100000@homer26.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Message received
++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Debbie Proctor, Administrator U of W Conference Housing (206) 543-8443 McCarty Hall, Box 354471 (206) 543-4094 Seattle, Wa. 98l95 ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
On Wed, 7 May 1997, A. Loum wrote:
> > Gambia-l, as already explained by Abdou, we have been experiencing > technical difficulties since Tuesday night ( Pacific time ) May 5th. That > seemed to have been the reason why the list was not functional during the > last few days. Some of you might have received rejection notices of your > postings and probably also a statement indicating that you have been > unsubscribed and not a member of Gambia-l. When things get back to normal, > you can resubmit your postings. > I have a feeling that the problem is almost solved. I received a > complete directory of the list along with the email addresses when I > reviewed it prior to posting this message, something that was lacking > during the last two days. Please respond to this message through the list > to ensure that things are back to normal. Abdou, our technical manager has > been diligently working on the problem while I have informed our UW > computer people about it. > Many thanks to Abdou and for also your patience. > Thanks > Tony > > > > > ======================================================================== > > Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu > Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice > 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax > University of Washington > Box 353200 > Seattle, Wa.98195-3200 > > ========================================================================= > > > > > > > > > On Wed, 7 May 1997, ABDOU wrote: > > > Hi folks, > > We are presently experiencing problems with the list server. The > > problem is that a program is locking the file that the server uses to > > determine membership in gambia-l. So this seems to be an interim > > solution. > > I know many of you have had your messages sent back, so please > > resend your messages (if you cannot do so, let me know and I will send > > the rejected copy). If the problem persists, please be patient. > > We should also stop subscribing new members until when this > > problem has been solved in its entirety (hopefully by tomorrow). > > Thanks and bye for now, > > -Abdou. > > ******************************************************************************* > > A.TOURAY > > Computer Science > > Columbia University > > New York, NY 10027 > > > > MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137 > > > > A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. > > SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. > > I WANDER AND I WONDER. > > ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. > > ******************************************************************************* > > > > > > > >
------------------------------
Date: 07 May 1997 19:30:10 +0200 From: "Jobarteh, Momodou" <Momodou.Jobarteh@hordaland.vegvesen.telemax.no> To: "Gambia-L -Internet... ." <Gambia-l@u.washington.edu> (Return requested) Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <00FEC3370BC22003*/c=no/admd=telemax/prmd=vegvesen/o=hordaland/s=Jobarteh/g=Momodou/@MHS> Content-Identifier: 00FEC3370BC22003 Content-Return: Allowed MIME-Version: 1.0
Thanks to Abdou, Tony and the managers for your excellent work.
Alhagi ________________________________________________________ Tony wrote:
Gambia-l, as already explained by Abdou, we have been experiencing technical difficulties since Tuesday night ( Pacific time ) May 5th. That seemed to have been the reason why the list was not functional during the last few days. Some of you might have received rejection notices of your postings and probably also a statement indicating that you have been unsubscribed and not a member of Gambia-l. When things get back to normal, you can resubmit your postings. I have a feeling that the problem is almost solved. I received a complete directory of the list along with the email addresses when I reviewed it prior to posting this message, something that was lacking during the last two days. Please respond to this message through the list to ensure that things are back to normal. Abdou, our technical manager has been diligently working on the problem while I have informed our UW computer people about it. Many thanks to Abdou and for also your patience. Thanks Tony
========================================================================
Anthony W Loum tloum@u.washington.edu Supervisor, Business Administration Library 206-543-4360 voice 100 Balmer Hall 206-685-9392 fax University of Washington Box 353200 Seattle, Wa.98195-3200
=========================================================================
On Wed, 7 May 1997, ABDOU wrote:
> Hi folks, > We are presently experiencing problems with the list server. The > problem is that a program is locking the file that the server uses to > determine membership in gambia-l. So this seems to be an interim > solution. > I know many of you have had your messages sent back, so please > resend your messages (if you cannot do so, let me know and I will send > the rejected copy). If the problem persists, please be patient. > We should also stop subscribing new members until when this > problem has been solved in its entirety (hopefully by tomorrow). > Thanks and bye for now, > -Abdou. > *************************************************************************** **** > A.TOURAY > Computer Science > Columbia University > New York, NY 10027 > > MY URL ON THE WWW= http://www.cc.columbia.edu/~at137 > > A FINITE IN A LAND OF INFINITY. > SEEKING BUT THE REACHABLE. > I WANDER AND I WONDER. > ALAS, ALL RESPITE IS FINAL. > *************************************************************************** **** > > >
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 12:46:50 -0500 (EST) From: Ousman Gajigo <gajigoo@wabash.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: (Fwd) New Book on Niumi History Message-ID: <14298694F56@scholar.wabash.edu> MIME-version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
------- Forwarded Message Follows ------- Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 09:17:56 -0400 From: Andy Lyons <alyons@nervm.nerdc.ufl.edu> Subject: New Book on Niumi History To: gajigoo@WABASH.EDU
Ousman,
Please forward this to the Gambia-L list. Thanks.
=================================================
For those who haven't already seen this, there is a book that has recently come out about the history of Niumi. It's quite interesting:
The world and a very small place in Africa, by Donald R. Wright. Sources and Studies in World History. M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, New York. 1997.
>From the back cover: "This fascinating work shows how global events and world systems have affected people's lives for the past eight centuries in Niumi, a small area at the mouth of the Gambia River in West Africa. Trans-Saharan trade, European expansion, the rise of an Atlantic plantation complex, inperialism, colonialism, political independence, and economic dependence are among the global phenomena that have influenced the everyday lives of the inhabitants of this tiny region. Drawing on archival and oral traditions and writing in a clear and personal style, the author connects world history with real people, on a local level."
Andy Lyons The Gambia Resource Page http://grove.ufl.edu/~alyons
%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% Ousman Gajigo Morris Hall 107 Crawfordsville, IN 47933 (phone): 765 361 7096 Fax: 765 361 6295 %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 11:12:24 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Air Afrique (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.95.970507111127.3346A-100000@saul1.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Sun, 4 May 1997 16:59:02 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: tloum@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Air Afrique
Tony, I have had luggage left behind everytime l have taken an Air Afrique flight. Both l and one other person l know have had a piece of luggage slashed open with a knife and items removed. l have heard the same story from almost everyone l know who has flown with them. l do not fly with this airline anymore, and prefer to go with Swiss Air even though their fares are higher. l have taken Sabena in the past, but have not done so anymore either since both my sister and l have lost luggage on their flights as well. The ground personnel at Dakar were rude to me as well as other customers , especially the last time l had the unfortunate occasion to fly wiht Air Afrique. In 1991, Michigan State flew my family and l into Dakar on this airline and we lost three large boxes full of personal items and supplies , including some very valuable items that we had brought with us for our stay in Senegal. We never saw these items again and of course never got any cooperation from their personnel.l got tired of being given the run around everytime l went to their offices, and just decided to let it go.
Jabou
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 11:23:09 PDT From: "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> To: O.F.M'Bai@icsl.ac.uk Cc: GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU Subject: MY DEAR OMAR... WHAT A SMALL WORLD THIS IS INDEED.!!! Message-ID: <199705071823.LAA23513@f30.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
HI OMAR. WHERE DO I START??.WELL MAY BE IT WOULD BE PROPER TO TELL U THAT I THINK I KNOW U, AND THAT WE MIGHT BE A BIT RELATED....SEE NOT ONLY WERE U MY SENIOR AT SAINTS', BUT U ARE ALSO THE SON OF MY "UNCLE" FAFA M'BAI. <I THINK>.. HE HAD TOLD ME JUST BEFORE I LEFT THE GAMBIA TO COME TO THE U.S. THAT U AND YOUR BROTHER ARE IN U.K. YOUR DAD IS A GREAT MAN.. HE IS ONE OF MY FEW HEROES AND AN ADEQUATE AND WORTHY ROLE MODEL.....I HAVEN'T WRITTEN OR TALKED TO HIM SINCE I CAME HERE AND PLEASE SEND ME HIS E-MAIL ADDRESS IF U HAVE IT SO I CAN THANK HIM....SEEEE.!! WHAT A SMALL WORLD THIS IS INDEED.IF U GET IN TOUCH WITH YOUR DAD, TELL HIM I AM THE SON OF YASIN JOBE AND ALH. MAMURR JAGNE..HE WILL REMEMBER.... NOW THAKNS FOR MAKING ME SALIVATE. ARE U GONNA COME TO THE ALD..ETC?? I HEARD THERE ARE LOTS OF GAMBIANS IN LONDON (BRITAIN). I GUESS U ALL SEE EACH OTHER AND FEAST OF BENACHINS.. WELL THE U.S. IS SO LARGE AND SPREAD THAT ONLY CHANCE MEETINGS OR ARRANGED ONES CAN GET GAMBIANS TOGETHER....EVERYBODY IS BUSY TOO.SCHOOL. BUSINES. WORK.. ,,ETC..>>>>>>>OMAR, I LIKE THE TOPIC THAT U PRESENTED ME WITH...I GOT SO MUCH TO SAY ABOUT IT.. IT WOULD HOWEVER, BE ONLY MY "EDUCATED" OPINION IF I SAY SOMETHING NOW.. I WOULD HAVE TO DELVE INTO SOME MATERIALS TO PROVIDE U WITH THE NECCESSARY AND USEFUL FACTS . AND WHAT THE EXPERTS ON IT HAVE TO SAY... I WILL POST IT TO U AS SOON AS I GET IT TOGETHER....I MIGHT HAVE TO DO IT IN MULTIPLE POSTINGS B'CVOS I AM IN THE MIDDLE OF FINALS... I BE LOOKING FORWARD TO TALKING TO YOU....WHAT A SMALL WORLD IT IS INDEED.. ALL THIS TIME AND WE HAVE TO GET ACQUINTED THIS WAY... ENDU LEEN AK JAMMA..PEACE-OUT..>>>NJAGA JAGNE...
--------------------------------------------------------- Get Your *Web-Based* Free Email at http://www.hotmail.com ---------------------------------------------------------
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 21:55:47 +0100 (BST) From: Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.95q.970507213659.11689A-100000@suma3.reading.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/PLAIN; charset="US-ASCII"
Dear Ms. Darboe,
I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC. Without wanting to repeat anything that has already been discussed (I only joined in March), why did the opposition parties not boycott the elections. After the presidential elections, if I can recall correctly, the leader of one the opposition parties claimed on BBC Focus On Africa that he had evidence of fraud in the elections. To this day, as far as I know, that evidence has never been furnished. Is this apathy or indifference. One would expect that evidence to be given as proof to the international community.
Apparently, the main topic in The Gambian Parliament these days is the pay that MPs should get. I guess the MPs are concerned about their monthly salaries than the welfare of their constituents. Of course it can be argued that there is nothing wrong with increasing one's own welfare first.
Pa Sallah Jagne has recently been released and appointed as commissioner of WD. Apparently he has been given his full pay since July 1994, when he was detained. There were charges of corruption brought against him at the time. Have these charges been dropped? If not, is not strange that a man discredited by the current government, imprisoned, and allegedly tortured, should be made a commissioner by them. Is Mr Jagne to be accused of apathy, or indiffernce?
Yours humbly,
Ebrima Jawara.
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 20:29:56 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? Message-ID: <33711E84.335EDFDA@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Ebrima Jawara wrote:
> why did the opposition parties not boycott the elections. After the > presidential elections, if I can recall correctly, the leader of one the > opposition parties claimed on BBC Focus On Africa that he had evidence of > fraud in the elections. To this day, as far as I know, that evidence has > never been furnished. Is this apathy or indifference. One would expect > that evidence to be given as proof to the international community.
This could be apathy or indifference on the part of the parties who made the allegations. It could also be unsubstantiated. The important fact is that I believe the President has been openly recognized by all parties so that would indicate that the results of the election were accepted at the end. > Apparently, the main topic in The Gambian Parliament these days is the pay > that MPs should get. I guess the MPs are concerned about their monthly > salaries than the welfare of their constituents. Of course it can be > argued that there is nothing wrong with increasing one's own welfare > first.
I would disagree there. I think it is important that the members of the Assembly are properly remunerated from the beginning to help prevent more cases of corruption down the line. For too long, our parliamentarians have been marginalized in the democratic process that is supposed to exist. The new constitution, as flawed as it may be, does provide a greater role for this parliament then before. Apart from the mandated overseeing committees, the Assembly must also be in session for a minimum of 150 days a year. That's almost half a year. If we expect them to maintain proper, effective offices and make a presence in their constituencies they need to have the cash. We must remember that the parliament is a new one and we should expect that establishing matters like this will probably take up most of their time. Hopefully once these matters are out of the way they can get on to more pressing issues.
> Pa Sallah Jagne has recently been released and appointed as commissioner > of WD. Apparently he has been given his full pay since July 1994, when he > was detained. There were charges of corruption brought against him at the > time. Have these charges been dropped? If not, is not strange that a man > discredited by the current government, imprisoned, and allegedly tortured, > should be made a commissioner by them. Is Mr Jagne to be accused of > apathy, or indiffernce?
This is a very good question and I suppose that there can be many reasons, mostly political, why such an appointment could, one, be made by the same government that imprisoned him, and two, accepted by Mr. Jagne. I think this is a matter where both the press and the politicians need to push the government to come out on.
Personally, I think Mr. Jagne was wrongly imprisoned so perhaps like me, he may see this as a vindication of sorts but he obviously has his reasons. As far as the government is concerned, this is probably an appointment of security. I believe they detained him throughout the transition period because they felt threatened by him and the appointment follows the same line. Keep him as far away as possible so he doesn't stir trouble.
These are all interesting issues that I think we should all stop and think about.
Peace.
Lat
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 21:03:40 -0400 From: LatJor Ndow <gndow@spelman.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: ALD Message-ID: <3371266C.2F@spelman.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
>From LatJor Ndow
Greetings to all:
By way of rejoining the 'bantaba', I want to say that I agree with views represented both by Amadou Janneh and Soffie Ceesay regarding the ALD (and July 4) issues. Amadou's view (backed by past experiences) that sports and parties have always overshadowed conferences held during these events is quite true. Others on his side have even ventured to say that it is a waste of time. This has been an ongoing problem which organizers of these events (myself included) have been battling with for quite some time.
Ya Soffie however points out that the conferences have however had a positive impact on those few who have attended. They certainly are not geared to just political debates as some would believe. The previous African Liberation Day (ALD) weekend the she mentioned is an excellent example. This discussions ranged from historical (Dr. Nyang) to Economics (Dr. Sallah) to Science & Technology (LatJor) to yes, political issues (All). All the topics focused on Gambia and the gambian. As Ya Soffie mentioned the conference lasted for more than 5 hours.
What was accomplished? Perhaps I should answer this in a two-fold manner. Individually we all benefitted. It was an educational experience that gambians rarely shared with each other. I learnt a great deal and everyone who attended expressed the same sentiment. Collectively, well, this is where we as gambians have shortcomings in especially when the task(s) at hand require us to work as a group. (Perhaps Gambia-l is a marker of the transformation occurring in the gambian personality.) We failed to galvanise ourselves into a cohesive group which could act as an agent for progress within our communities and The Gambia.
The information shared at that conference (as well as others) was never disseminated to the best of my recollection. Though it was recorded on tape, nothing came of it (someone please correct me if I am wrong). I do not recall reading about it in the 'Jaliba', the Washington-based gambian paper nor was it posted on this forum as I had requested. Please note that while I am focusing on the past ALD, other ALDs and July Reunions suffered the same fate. I only focus on this past one because another ALD is going to take place in about 2 weeks. An other conference is also being planned, I am told.
I for one would like to see the organizers of this ALD conference place on the agenda the topic of 'how we can take ideas and information and translate them into action' (or something along those lines).
Finally on a positive note, Gambia-l received a tremendous boost following the ALD weekend. I was able to disseminate hundreds of flyers at the conference, park and dance hall, announcing the creation of GAMBIA-L. The veterans on this list like Tony, Amadou and Lamin (of Japan) will recall this. Today, not only has Gambia-l gone to higher heights, but it has helped establish other groups all dedicated to working for the betterment of out dear beloved motherland. So to those who choose the easy route of throwing in the towel and say ALDs, July Reunions, etc., are a waste of time, I say no don't give up. Come, participate and insist on continuity.
In peace, LatJor
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 18:55:47 -0700 (PDT) From: "D. Singhateh" <dawdas@u.washington.edu> To: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: ALD Message-ID: <Pine.A41.3.95b.970507181332.15944C-100000@dante10.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
'Kay LatJor Ndow, I applaud your positive message you posted on the list. I hope we can all emulate your style and passion you have for The Gambia. However, I think there is still a lot to be done, fittingly as Sir Isaac Newton rightly put it (slightly changed to serve the purpose here, "we are just like small children playing on the seashore trying to distinguish pebbles when a sea of problems lies before us yet to be solved"). Hence I encourage you to tightened your belt to the last hole possible and exercise any influence you may have over ADL organizing committee so that we can have many brothers and sisters involved in worthy causes.
thanx every one for your time
Dawda Singhateh
On Wed, 7 May 1997, LatJor Ndow wrote:
> >From LatJor Ndow > > Greetings to all: > > By way of rejoining the 'bantaba', I want to say that I agree with views > represented both by Amadou Janneh and Soffie Ceesay regarding the ALD > (and July 4) issues. Amadou's view (backed by past experiences) that > sports and parties have always overshadowed conferences held during > these events is quite true. Others on his side have even ventured to say > that it is a waste of time. This has been an ongoing problem which > organizers of these events (myself included) have been battling with for > quite some time. > > Ya Soffie however points out that the conferences have however had a > positive impact on those few who have attended. They certainly are not > geared to just political debates as some would believe. The previous > African Liberation Day (ALD) weekend the she mentioned is an excellent > example. This discussions ranged from historical (Dr. Nyang) to > Economics (Dr. Sallah) to Science & Technology (LatJor) to yes, > political issues (All). All the topics focused on Gambia and the > gambian. As Ya Soffie mentioned the conference lasted for more than 5 > hours. > > What was accomplished? Perhaps I should answer this in a two-fold > manner. Individually we all benefitted. It was an educational experience > that gambians rarely shared with each other. I learnt a great deal and > everyone who attended expressed the same sentiment. Collectively, well, > this is where we as gambians have shortcomings in especially when the > task(s) at hand require us to work as a group. (Perhaps Gambia-l is a > marker of the transformation occurring in the gambian personality.) We > failed to galvanise ourselves into a cohesive group which could act as > an agent for progress within our communities and The Gambia. > > The information shared at that conference (as well as others) was never > disseminated to the best of my recollection. Though it was recorded on > tape, nothing came of it (someone please correct me if I am wrong). I do > not recall reading about it in the 'Jaliba', the Washington-based > gambian paper nor was it posted on this forum as I had requested. Please > note that while I am focusing on the past ALD, other ALDs and July > Reunions suffered the same fate.. I only focus on this past one because > another ALD is going to take place in about 2 weeks. An other conference > is also being planned, I am told. > > I for one would like to see the organizers of this ALD conference place > on the agenda the topic of 'how we can take ideas and information and > translate them into action' (or something along those lines). > > Finally on a positive note, Gambia-l received a tremendous boost > following the ALD weekend. I was able to disseminate hundreds of flyers > at the conference, park and dance hall, announcing the creation of > GAMBIA-L. The veterans on this list like Tony, Amadou and Lamin (of > Japan) will recall this. Today, not only has Gambia-l gone to higher > heights, but it has helped establish other groups all dedicated to > working for the betterment of out dear beloved motherland. So to those > who choose the easy route of throwing in the towel and say ALDs, July > Reunions, etc., are a waste of time, I say no don't give up. Come, > participate and insist on continuity. > > In peace, > LatJor >
------------------------------
Date: Wed, 07 May 1997 23:38:54 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: ALD Message-ID: <33714ACE.E3E8E98D@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
LatJor Ndow wrote:
> What was accomplished? Perhaps I should answer this in a two-fold > manner. Individually we all benefitted. It was an educational experience > that gambians rarely shared with each other. I learnt a great deal and > everyone who attended expressed the same sentiment. Collectively, well, > this is where we as gambians have shortcomings in especially when the > task(s) at hand require us to work as a group. (Perhaps Gambia-l is a > marker of the transformation occurring in the gambian personality.) We > failed to galvanise ourselves into a cohesive group which could act as > an agent for progress within our communities and The Gambia.
The question about what is accomplished by these discussions, debates or forums (fora?), is an interesting one. I know there are some who would like to see them result in something positive like a common or collective resolution that could then be passed on to appropriate authorities. This would be quite an accomplishment but I do not think it should be the goal. I think what is most important is that we try to get a variety of responses on issues from participants that in turn allows us to explore our own views further. As Latjor states here, if anything we get the opportunity to learn.
Peace.
Lat
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 08 May 1997 14:18:31 +0100 From: bdukuray@login.eunet.no To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Zairian Message-ID: <3371D2A1.FC6D9A73@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Zaire: Ten volunteers of the Zairian Red Cross killed in Kenge Geneva (ICRC) - The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) was deeply shocked to learn of the death of 10 first-aid workers of the Red Cross Society of the Republic of Zaire, killed some hours ago in Kenge, a town 200 km east of Kinshasa. According to information received by the ICRC delegation in the Zairian capital, the tragedy occurred as the volunteers were assisting people wounded in the fighting which had been raging in Kenge. Some 200 civilians were reportedly killed in the clashes, and 126 wounded have been admitted to hospital, 25 of them in critical condition.
The ICRC calls on the belligerents to respect all persons not taking part in the fighting, in particular civilians, prisoners and the wounded, and also the staff and buildings placed under the protection of the Red Cross emblem. ICRC delegates and Zairian Red Cross personnel will attempt to reach Kenge in the coming hours to provide medical assistance to the hospital.
Bahary
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 14:07:56 -0400 (EDT) From: Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Cc: "GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Re: Test Message-ID: <Pine.3.89.9705081448.A22247-0100000@mach1.wlu.ca> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Hello everyone, Haven't checked my e-mail in a while hence didn't even know there was a problem! But I'ld just like to thank Abdou and Tony for the sacrifices made. Thanks guys. Ancha.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 14:21:51 -0400 (EDT) From: Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: African AIDS Guinea pigs? (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.3.89.9705081430.A22247-0100000@mach1.wlu.ca> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
It's not a new subject, but it's one thatt never ceases to amaze and anger me. Kinda like when they (Westerners) pay an ***** in one of the African countries ( esp. Nigeria) inorder to dump Radioactive waste in the country. This is another topic but briefly, a conference was held ( I don't know the dettails) in which the Nigerian government was asked to not spill the waste into the Atlantic Ocean or some other body of water. The waste would have of course greatly affected water as a whole in Africa. They ( Nigerians) probably don't care abou that as long as they get most of it out of their country. There were rumors that the container in which tthe waste originally came with is leaking. WHAT A MESS!!!
(BOSTON GLOBE)
US science's cruelty overseas
By Robert Kuttner, 04/27/97
Thanks to the Public Citizen Health Research Group, it recently came to light that US medical researchers are still using Third World populations as human guinea pigs, with ethical standards that are unacceptable in the United States.
The studies, on some 12,000 HIV-positive pregnant women in the Ivory Coast, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and other African countries, are financed by the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institutes of Health.
Since 1994, the standard US treatment to reduce mother-child HIV transmission has been the drug AZT during the final weeks of pregnancy. This reduces by about two-thirds the number of infants who contract HIV from their mothers.
But in the Third World experiments, conducted under the auspices of US researchers, target populations are divided into several groups. Some receive variations on the effective AZT treatment. Others get a dummy placebo. This allows scientists to measure the efficacy of the different treatment strategies against a ``control group'' that gets no medication.
The Health Research Group does not object to the variations in the treatment, only to the fact that some subjects receive placebos.
According to Dr. Peter Lurie, who amassed the data for the Health Research Group, this unnecessary ``double-blind'' study will result in about 1,000 more HIV-positive children, virtually all of whom will die gruesome deaths. But the Centers for Disease Control takes the position that this approach is ethically defensible because in the absence of the research, none of the target group would benefit.
Still, the fact remains that this study violates ethical standards that are strictly enforced at home: Treatments known to be effective are not to be denied human subjects for the sake of ``research.'' Nobody contends that these research protocols would have been approved had the subjects been Americans. That's why they had to be conducted on Africans.
In a letter to Secretary of Health and Human Services Donna Shalala, Dr. Sidney Wolfe, who directs the Health Research Group, suggested that these experiments also violate the 1995 Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association, which requires that the best available therapy be given human subjects, including those in control groups, as well as the Nuremberg Code of Research Conduct, which was adopted after World War II in response to practices of Nazi doctors.
Among other provisions, the Nuremberg Code requires that all research should be ``so conducted as to avoid all unnecessary physical and mental suffering and injury.'' Shalala's office has not yet replied.
The evident double standard for medical research on human subjects raises a much larger question - the proper relation between standards that the US values at home and those we demand in relations between Americans and the rest of the world. This issue becomes more pressing as commerce becomes more globalized.
In general, the US government seeks to impose US standards on the rest of the world where the interests of American property owners are at stake but takes a far more relaxed position where other people's interests are involved.
For example, in our relations with China, American diplomats are extremely upset that China does not honor US laws regarding intellectual property. If trade negotiations break down, it could well be over Chinese piracy of US patents and copyrights. But China's treatment of workers who produce for export to the US market, including those employed by subsidiaries or partners of US companies, is not an issue in the trade negotiations, nor is the use of child labor or prison labor, nor is the displacement of US workers because of substandard Chinese labor practices.
By the same token, protecting the patent interests of US pharmaceutical companies was key to the diplomatic breakthrough that set up the World Trade Organization.
The property rights of drug companies are protected overseas, but the products of those same companies are routinely exported for uses not approved in the United States. And they are sometimes tested on human subjects in ways that violate US standards.
So there is really a double double standard at work here. It's bad enough that there is one standard for US-sponsored research on Americans and another where the subjects are desperately poor Africans. But the broader double standard is the enforcement by the US government of one set of global rules for powerful American corporations, wherever they operate, and far weaker rules for ordinary citizens of the planet, foreign and domestic.
Robert Kuttner's column appears regularly in the Globe.
This story ran on page e7 of the Boston Globe on 04/27/97. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Joseph N. Khamalah Tel: (519)888-4567 x 3863 Fax: (519)746-7252 email: jnkhamal@mansci.watstar.uwaterloo.ca http://mansci1.uwaterloo.ca/~jnkhamal ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you think you have it tough, read history. - Anonymous.
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 08 May 1997 20:47:25 +0100 From: bdukuray@login.eunet.no To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: ZAIRE Message-ID: <33722DC8.85D98A40@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="------------B2D7B9BF3337C62BC6A61BB6"
--------------B2D7B9BF3337C62BC6A61BB6 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii; x-mac-type="54455854"; x-mac-creator="4D4F5353" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
THE U-S SPECIAL ENVOY TO ZAIRE SAID AFTER TALKS WITH FRENCH OFFICIALS IN PARIS THURSDAY THAT HE BELIEVES ZAIRE'S PRESIDENT MOBUTU SESE SEKO WILL RETURN TO KINSHASA FOLLOWING TALKS IN GABON. SEVERAL REPORTS SUGGESTED PRESIDENT MOBUTU MIGHT INSTEAD DECIDE TO GO INTO EXILE.
THE WAR IN ZAIRE IS A SOURCE OF TENSION BETWEEN FRANCE AND THE UNITED STATES. FRANCE PRESSED FOR AN INTERNATIONAL FORCE TO BE SENT THERE AS SOON AS IT BECAME OBVIOUS LAST YEAR THAT HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF REFUGEES WERE IN DANGER. BUT THE UNITED STATES AND OTHER WESTERN COUNTRIES OPPOSED THE PLAN.
FRANCE ALSO BELIEVES THAT THE ETHNIC TUTSI REBELS UNDER LAURENT KABILA WILL TURN THE BIGGEST FRENCH-SPEAKING COUNTRY IN AFRICA INTO ANOTHER ENGLISH-SPEAKING NATION.
B.Dukuray
REPORTS 08-May-97
--------------B2D7B9BF3337C62BC6A61BB6 Content-Type: text/html; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
<HTML><BODY>
<BR>THE U-S SPECIAL ENVOY TO ZAIRE SAID AFTER TALKS WITH <BR>FRENCH OFFICIALS IN PARIS THURSDAY THAT HE BELIEVES ZAIRE'S <BR>PRESIDENT MOBUTU SESE SEKO WILL RETURN TO KINSHASA FOLLOWING <BR>TALKS IN GABON. SEVERAL REPORTS SUGGESTED PRESIDENT MOBUTU MIGHT <BR>INSTEAD DECIDE TO GO INTO EXILE. <BR> <BR>THE WAR IN ZAIRE IS A SOURCE OF TENSION BETWEEN FRANCE AND <BR>THE UNITED STATES. FRANCE PRESSED FOR AN INTERNATIONAL FORCE TO <BR>BE SENT THERE AS SOON AS IT BECAME OBVIOUS LAST YEAR THAT <BR>HUNDREDS OF THOUSANDS OF REFUGEES WERE IN DANGER. BUT THE UNITED <BR>STATES AND OTHER WESTERN COUNTRIES OPPOSED THE PLAN. <BR> <BR>FRANCE ALSO BELIEVES THAT THE ETHNIC TUTSI REBELS UNDER LAURENT <BR>KABILA WILL TURN THE BIGGEST FRENCH-SPEAKING COUNTRY IN AFRICA <BR>INTO ANOTHER ENGLISH-SPEAKING NATION. <BR> <BR> <BR>B.Dukuray <BR>
<UL>REPORTS 08-May-97 </UL>
</BODY> </HTML>
--------------B2D7B9BF3337C62BC6A61BB6--
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 08 May 1997 21:56:46 +0100 From: bdukuray@login.eunet.no To: "gambia-l@u.washington.edu List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Zaire Message-ID: <33723E07.C630153C@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Mobutu Sese Seko Zairean President
Born: October 14, 1930; Lisala, Belgian Congo (now Zaire) Education: Student, L'Ecole Centrale de Luluabourg, 1950-52; Institute of Journalism, Brussels, 1959-60; Institute of Social Studies, Brussels Military Service: Sgt-Maj., accountancy department, Force Publique, Belgian Congo, 1949-56; Occupation: Soldier Family: Wife, Boby Ladawa; 7 children Religion: Roman Catholic Early Years: Journalist, 1956-58; Named chief of staff, Congo army, 1960; Named commander in chief,1960 Political Career: Seized power with backing of military, assumed presidency, 1965 Office: Office of the President, Mont NgaliemaKinshasa, Zaire
D.Bukuray
------------------------------
Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 21:54:22 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: African AIDS Guinea pigs? (fwd) Message-ID: <970508215400_370006119@emout01.mail.aol.com>
Ancha, This is not surprising but it is possible only because the governments of these respective so called "Third World" countries allow this to happen. The U.S government always protects the interest of big bussiness even against it's own citizenry as evidenced by the havoc that the tobacco industry continues to wreck, as well as many terrible things that the pharmaceutical industry gets away with even in this country.The fault lies with those who allowed the CDC to come into their countries to perpetrate these evils on innocent people.
Jabou.
In a message dated 5/8/97 4:00:04 PM, you wrote:
<<It's not a new subject, but it's one thatt never ceases to amaze and anger me. Kinda like when they (Westerners) pay an ***** in one of the African countries ( esp. Nigeria) inorder to dump Radioactive waste in the country. This is another topic but briefly, a conference was held ( I don't know the dettails) in which the Nigerian government was asked to not spill the waste into the Atlantic Ocean or some other body of water. The waste would have of course greatly affected water as a whole in Africa. They ( Nigerians) probably don't care abou that as long as they get most of it out of their country. There were rumors that the container in which tthe waste originally came with is leaking. WHAT A MESS!!!
(BOSTON GLOBE)
US science's cruelty overseas
By Robert Kuttner, 04/27/97
Thanks to the Public Citizen Health Research Group, it recently came to light that US medical researchers are still using Third World populations as human guinea pigs, with ethical standards that are unacceptable in the United States.
The studies, on some 12,000 HIV-positive pregnant women in the Ivory Coast, Uganda, Tanzania, Zimbabwe, and other African countries, are financed by the Centers for Disease Control and the National Institutes of Health.
Since 1994, the standard US treatment to reduce mother-child HIV transmission has been the drug AZT during the final weeks of pregnancy. This reduces by about two-thirds the number of infants who contract HIV from their mothers.
But in the Third World experiments, conducted under the auspices of US researchers, target populations are divided into several groups. Some receive variations on the effective AZT treatment. Others get a dummy placebo. This allows scientists to measure the efficacy of the different treatment strategies against a ``control group'' that gets no medication.
The Health Research Group does not object to the variations in the treatment, only to the fact that some subjects receive placebos.
According to Dr. Peter Lurie, who amassed the data for the Health Research Group, this unnecessary ``double-blind'' study will result in about 1,000 more HIV-positive children, virtually all of whom will die gruesome deaths. But the Centers for Disease Control takes the position that this approach is ethically defensible because in the absence of the research, none of the target group would benefit.
Still, the fact remains that this study violates ethical standards that are strictly enforced at home: Treatments known to be effective are not to be denied human subjects for the sake of ``research.'' Nobody contends that these research protocols would have been approved had the subjects been Americans. That's why they had to be conducted on Africans.
In a letter to Secretary of Health and Human Services Donna Shalala, Dr. Sidney Wolfe, who directs the Health Research Group, suggested that these experiments also violate the 1995 Helsinki Declaration of the World Medical Association, which requires that the best available therapy be given human subjects, including those in control groups, as well as the Nuremberg Code of Research Conduct, which was adopted after World War II in response to practices of Nazi doctors.
Among other provisions, the Nuremberg Code requires that all research should be ``so conducted as to avoid all unnecessary physical and mental suffering and injury.'' Shalala's office has not yet replied.
The evident double standard for medical research on human subjects raises a much larger question - the proper relation between standards that the US values at home and those we demand in relations between Americans and the rest of the world. This issue becomes more pressing as commerce becomes more globalized.
In general, the US government seeks to impose US standards on the rest of the world where the interests of American property owners are at stake but takes a far more relaxed position where other people's interests are involved.
For example, in our relations with China, American diplomats are extremely upset that China does not honor US laws regarding intellectual property. If trade negotiations break down, it could well be over Chinese piracy of US patents and copyrights. But China's treatment of workers who produce for export to the US market, including those employed by subsidiaries or partners of US companies, is not an issue in the trade negotiations, nor is the use of child labor or prison labor, nor is the displacement of US workers because of substandard Chinese labor practices.
By the same token, protecting the patent interests of US pharmaceutical companies was key to the diplomatic breakthrough that set up the World Trade Organization.
The property rights of drug companies are protected overseas, but the products of those same companies are routinely exported for uses not approved in the United States. And they are sometimes tested on human subjects in ways that violate US standards.
So there is really a double double standard at work here. It's bad enough that there is one standard for US-sponsored research on Americans and another where the subjects are desperately poor Africans. But the broader double standard is the enforcement by the US government of one set of global rules for powerful American corporations, wherever they operate, and far weaker rules for ordinary citizens of the planet, foreign and domestic.
Robert Kuttner's column appears regularly in the Globe.
This story ran on page e7 of the Boston Globe on 04/27/97. ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- Joseph N. Khamalah Tel: (519)888-4567 x 3863 Fax: (519)746-7252 email: jnkhamal@mansci.watstar.uwaterloo.ca http://mansci1.uwaterloo.ca/~jnkhamal ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you think you have it tough, read history. - Anonymous.
----------------------- Headers -------------------------------- >From GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Thu May 8 16:02:54 1997 Return-Path: <GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu> Received: from lists3.u.washington.edu (lists3.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.3]) by mrin45.mail.aol.com (8.8.5/8.8.5/AOL-1.0.1) with ESMTP id QAA23812; Thu, 8 May 1997 16:02:52 -0400 (EDT) Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id LAA10430; Thu, 8 May 1997 11:24:19 -0700 Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP id LAA55260 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Thu, 8 May 1997 11:24:14 -0700 Received: from mach1.wlu.ca (mach1.wlu.ca [192.54.242.17]) by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP id LAA19951 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Thu, 8 May 1997 11:24:11 -0700 Received: by mach1.wlu.ca (8.6.12/1.35) id OAA02486; Thu, 8 May 1997 14:21:53 -0400 Message-Id: <Pine.3.89.9705081430.A22247-0100000@mach1.wlu.ca> Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 14:21:51 -0400 (EDT) Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu Precedence: bulk From: Ancha Bala-Gaye u <bala7500@mach1.wlu.ca> To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: African AIDS Guinea pigs? (fwd) MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN >>
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 09:53:29 +0800 (SGT) From: Senessie Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> To: gambia-l <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.91.970509095319.6718B-100000@talabah.iiu.my> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 14:53:15 +0800 (WAUST) From: atiku_garba_yahaya <j-atiku@usm.my> To: Sulaiman Mahamoud Jalloh <9520073@talabah.iiu.my>, Senesi Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> Subject: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH.
In the name of Allah, most compassionate, most merciful, who says:
The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a year) - so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are sacred: That is the right religion. (Qur'an, 9:36)
On the occasion of celebrating the Islamic new Year 1418 AH, one deems it fit to:
1. Join other Muslims in celebrating it and to wish them the very best of luck and Allah's guidance. 2. Once again remind ourselves of the significance of the HIJRA calendar by situating its place in especially Islamic history.
HIJRA CALENDAR IN HISTORY.
The custom of referring to events as happening before or after the HIJRA by the Muslims began during the life time of the Prophet (SAW). The method in the beginning was such that a year was referred to around an important incidence eg year of permission - the year in which Allah's command for migration from Makka to Madina was received. The second was known as the year in which JIHAD was made compulsory. The third year was known as the year of affliction; etc.
However, the system of reckoning a year after its important event, did not last long. Perhaps this could be due to the occurrence of many events of significance in successive order, eg the battle of Badr, Uhud, etc. Consequent upon this, therefore, another method came into use. In the new method, HIJRA, on accounts of its being the sole reason for all later events of great importance in the history of Islam, became regarded as the starting point for mentioning all happenings, and it used to be said that such and such took place so many month(s) after HIJRA. For example, concerning fasting in the month of Ramadan, it is stated that it was made compulsory eighteen months after the HIJRA.
It is important to point out that the Arabs were familiar with the method of constructing history by referring to important events. Even though it may not be claimed that in the whole of Arabia there existed a uniform system of time reckoning in the early days, yet it is found out that the pre-Islam Arabs had been using memorable events as the starting point for their oral history narration. Once an important event was adopted by the Arabs, it remained in use till such a time when another event of significance, according to them, took place. For example, the death of Ka'ab b. Luwaiy (the ancestor of Banu Hashim) was an important event for the Arabs, who, therefore, used th year of his death as the starting point of recounting their history. Later on, the attack of Abraha on the Ka'aba with a fully equipped force having a contingent of elephants was considered an important event which the Arabs called the year of elephant. Hence they started recounting their history by referring to it and would say eg this happened so many months or years before or after the year of elephant. This use, seems to be substituted by the year in which the war of Fijar took place.
The HIJRA of the Prophet (SAW) from Makka to Madina was not only one of the most important events, but also the first in order of occurrence in the history of Islam. Soon after its occurrence, it occupied the minds of the Muslims, who attached greatest importance to it. There was no better way to remember its importance than to count it as the starting point for recounting their history. It was Caliph Umar al-Khattab who, as a Caliph, regularised the HIJRA calendar.
IMPORTANCE OF HIJRA CALENDAR.
The months of the Islamic calendar are lunar and they are twelve. Muharram is the first month and the twelveth being Dhul Hijja. The months of the Islamic calendar are unique in the sense that each contains some particular activities for us to carry out. And each month is equally significant as the other. The significance of Muharram, for instance, to the collective spiritual experience of mankind, lies in the fact that the month witnessed so many major historical events in the history of mankind. Of particular importance is the 10th of Muharram (Day of Ashura) which has featured unique occurrences in man's history. Every muslim is expected to fast on this day as a mark of appreciation because Allah (SWT) turned mercifully to many Prophets on this day. For example:
1. Allah (SWT) turned with mercy on this day to Prophet Adam (AS) on earth after his exile from paradise.
2. Prophet Nuh (AS) and his companions on the ark were delivered on this day.
3. The fire in which Prophet Ibrahim (AS) was placed by the pagan infidels was extinguished by Allah (SWT) on this day.
4. Allah (SWT) spoke to Prophet Musa (AS) and sent the law to him on this day.
5. Prophet Yunus (AS) was saved from the belly of the fish on this day.
6. Prophet Isa (AS) was saved from crucification on this day.
7. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) was sent Allah's special blessings through Angel Jibril on this day.
FINALLY, I pray to Allah (SWT) to guide us to and in the right path. Ameen.
Thank you and Wassalam.
---Atiku.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 00:05:54 -0500 From: Francis Njie <c3p0@xsite.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: The Observer Online: Additional Demo Issues Message-ID: <3.0.1.32.19970509000554.006bbb24@xsite.net> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Gambia-L...
Please find additional demo issues (from April) of the Observer Online at...
http://www.xsite.net/~c3p0/observer
Thanks...
- The Observer Online Team
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 09:51:40 + 0200 MET From: "ALPHA ROBINSON" <garob1@cip.hx.uni-paderborn.de> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? Message-ID: <48AC4457CF@cip.hx.uni-paderborn.de> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-transfer-encoding: 7BIT
> Dear Ms. Darboe, > > I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. > Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that > the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC.
Is there any evidence to support this contention? Please enlighten us.
Thanks,
Alpha
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 11:30:52 +0100 (BST) From: Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Tailor made constitution. Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.95q.970509112015.1851D-100000@suma3.reading.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/PLAIN; charset="US-ASCII"
Mr Robinson,
My mistake for not supplying any evidence of flaws (as Lattir Downes-Thomas put it) in the new constitution. By saying that the constitution is tailor made for the APRC/AFPRC, I was trying to say that the constitution gives the party in power extraordinary powers. It was obvious that the APRC was going to win. To me it is clever of the present government. Make a constitution that is going to give you extraordinary powers, pretend you are not going to contest, once the constitution is accepted, announce that you will be contesting. Did you personally believe that the APRC were going to lose the elections? Was it not obvious that the new cabinet was going to be almost the same as before.
I can't really give any evidence without a copy to quote from. However if any patriotic Gambian out there has a copy, why don't they send it to the list, and let everyone make their own judgement.
I am sure Alpha, being the patriotic Gambian you are, that you must have one handy. Till then.
Yours humbly,
Ebrima Jawara.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 08:31:42 -0400 From: SIGGA JAGNE <SJ044947@gwmail.kysu.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test -Reply Message-ID: <s372e129.056@gwmail.kysu.edu>
HI, MY NAME IS SIGGA JAGNE. I WOULD LIKE TO KNOW IF THE LIST IS OPERATING NORMALY NOW. I SENT A SELF INTRODUCTORY MESSAGE AS A NEW MEMBER, BUT IT WOULD NOT GO THROUGH. THIS WAS ON TUESDAY 6TH.
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Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 08:40:54 -0400 From: SIGGA JAGNE <SJ044947@gwmail.kysu.edu> To: GAMBIA-L@U.WASHINGTON.EDU Subject: NEW MEMBER-MISS SIGGA JAGNE Message-ID: <s372e34b.057@gwmail.kysu.edu>
DEAR GAMBIA-L MEMBERS, MY NAME IS MISS SIGGA JAGNE. I HAVE BEEN ENLISTED FOR SOME TIME NOW, BUT I HAVE NOT HAD THE OPPORTUNITY TO INTRODUCE MYSELF. BUT I AM VERY IMPRESSED BY THE RESPONSES AND DISCUSSIONS THAT MEMBERS HOLD ON GAMBIA-L. ALLOW ME TO COMMEND YOU. I LOOK FORWARD TO BEING AN ACTIVE MEMBER. MISS SIGGA JAGNE
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 09:08:45 +0000 From: "NJIE OMAR E" <964NJIE@alpha.nlu.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test -Reply Message-ID: <199705091408.HAA03694@mx2.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7BIT
Sigga:
Your message came through. Welcome to the bantaba. I'm sure you'll enjoy the forum. I hope all is going well with you, Annie, and all the Gambians at KSU. Send me a private mail if you have the time.
Omar.
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 May 97 12:28:37 CET From: "Edrissa Jarju" <edjarju@usaid.gov> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: re: The Observer Online: Additional Demo Issues Message-ID: <vines.NF59+ZfrQnB@barrb0205.usaid.gov> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
I checked it out and it looks very good... can't belief we'll all finally keep up with what's going on in TG, maybe others print media in TG can follow later. Keep up the good work..
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 09:33:42 -0700 (PDT) From: "A. Loum" <tloum@u.washington.edu> To: Gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New Member. Message-ID: <Pine.OSF.3.95.970509093057.26556F-100000@saul2.u.washington.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Lamin Bojang, brother of veteran Gambia-ler Sarjo Bojang has been added to the list. We welcome him and will be looking forward to his introduction and contributions. Subscription managers can now resume adding on new members. Thanks Tony
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 19:02:40 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New member Message-ID: <19970509180457.AAA31130@LOCALNAME>
Gambia-l, Musa Manneh has been added to the list. Welcome to the Gambia-l Musa, we look forward to your contributions. Please send an introduction of yourself to: gambia-l@u.washington.edu
Regards Momodou Camara ******************************************************* http://home3.inet.tele.dk/mcamara
**"Start by doing what's necessary, then what's possible and suddenly you are doing the impossible"***
------------------------------
Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 10:49:56 -0700 From: sarian@osmosys.incog.com (Sarian Loum) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: New member Message-ID: <199705091749.KAA26113@thesky.incog.com>
All,
Baboucarr Jallow has been added to the list. Welcome aboard and please send in your intro to the list.
Sarian
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Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 14:53:09 -0400 From: Latir Downes-Thomas <latir@earthlink.net> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Tailor made constitution Message-ID: <33737294.890B23F0@earthlink.net> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
ALPHA ROBINSON wrote: > > > Dear Ms. Darboe, > > > > I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. > > Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that > > the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC. > > Is there any evidence to support this contention? Please enlighten us.
The best evidence to support this contention would be the the second part of the Constitution titled, Shedule 2. It pretty much exonerates the AFPRC from being questioned on any of their activities during the transition period and also allows the decrees created under the AFPRC to continue thus giving the President and his government powers that normally they would not have.
I think this is what allows various institutions of the government to act they way they have recently against members of the opposition.
This is also an example of how flawed the entire document is because of the ambiguity caused here and the contradiction that this part of the constitution presents with respect to other parts.
Peace.
Lat
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Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 12:21:28 PDT From: "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> To: 9210077@talabah.iiu.my Cc: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) Message-ID: <199705091921.MAA05471@f32.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
> >---------- Forwarded message ---------- >Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 14:53:15 +0800 (WAUST) >From: atiku_garba_yahaya <j-atiku@usm.my> >To: Sulaiman Mahamoud Jalloh <9520073@talabah.iiu.my>, > Senesi Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> >Subject: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. > > >In the name of Allah, most compassionate, most merciful, who says: > > The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a > year) - so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the > earth; of them four are sacred: That is the right religion. > (Qur'an, 9:36) > > >On the occasion of celebrating the Islamic new Year 1418 AH, one deems it >fit to: > > 1. Join other Muslims in celebrating it and to wish them the very > best of luck and Allah's guidance. > > 2. Once again remind ourselves of the significance of the HIJRA > calendar by situating its place in especially Islamic history. >
AS SALAAM ALAIK..ATIKU..... MAY YOU BE BLESSED.
YOUR POSTING WAS UNEXPECTED AND VERY SPECIAL TO ME. I am a muslim not so well versed in the quran and islamic texts. any such information would therefore, be greately appreciated. i am so caught up in the western life here that i did not even know that the islamic new year was near or is here. may i please print this posting of yours and really go over it methodically. i am not literate in arabic so i cannot read arabic texts. i do not also like to read the translations and the transliterations of the quran into english. i always feel that somehow, no matter what little i know, there is something missing from them.. they seem so much less authentic. much of what i learned in the DARA doesn't do me much good now and almost everything i come accross seems to be new to me. i will be looking forward to more postings from you. njaga jagne.........a gambian in hill-billy land..
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 15:42:13 -0400 (EDT) From: ABDOU <at137@columbia.edu> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: GREETINGS FROM THE GAMBIA (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.SUN.3.95L.970509154001.22375B-100000@aloha.cc.columbia.edu> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
FORWARDE MESSGE FROM MR. TOMBONG SAIDY. ************************************************ - From: TSaidy1050@aol.com id RAA06905 for gambia-l@u.washington.edu; Thu, 8 May 1997 17:17:34 -0400 (EDT) Date: Thu, 8 May 1997 17:17:34 -0400 (EDT) Message-ID: <970508171549_-997128774@emout06.mail.aol.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: GREETINGS FROM THE GAMBIA
Gambia-L,
It has been a long time since you last heard from me. I have been in The Gambia since early February, but due to circumstances beyond my control, I could not sign on. It took a while before I could get my computer to The Gambia, and it took a while to settle as well.
Thank Allah, I am now settling down and hopefully I will resume my contributions in the "BANTABA".
I have been promoted and posted to the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Employment. I am the Deputy Permanent Secretary responsible for Administration and Direct Foreign Investment promotion.
I miss you all. I also miss the discussions as well. Since I am now on the ground, I will try to provide first hand and timely information. It is rather expensive to log in because, I have to call long distance to do so. CompuServe, which was serving The Gambia, has stopped doing so because of a dispute with GAMTEL. I am trying to persuade America Online to set up a note in The Gambia to replace or compete with CompuServe. Until I found a cheaper way of signing on, I will be accessing my E-mail sparingly.
My contact numbers are: Office (Direct Line) Tel/Fax: (220) 228-169 Cellular: (220) 990-744
Best regards.
TOMBONG SAIDY PEACE!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
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Date: Fri, 09 May 1997 13:14:08 PDT From: "NJAGA JAGNE" <jagnen25@hotmail.com> To: aeujawra@reading.ac.uk Cc: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Tailor made constitution. Message-ID: <199705092014.NAA21280@f33.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
>I can't really give any evidence without a copy to quote from. However if >any patriotic Gambian out there has a copy, why don't they send it to the >list, and let everyone make their own judgement. > >I am sure Alpha, being the patriotic Gambian you are, that you must have >one handy. Till then. > >Yours humbly, > >Ebrima Jawara. >
******greetings Ebrima and fellow gambia-l'ers.************ i am not one to say that i knew anything of the Gambia's constitution when the Gambia was still a "demacracy" (in my opinion) even if this peaceful and serene nation was misused and abused by the jawara regime. but if there is anything i know, it is that the old constitution was drawn with no intent to give any group of people comand of power for thirty years**( even if that was what happened)**** That constitution had given Gambians a lot of rights and a peace of mind inherently denied today by the jammeh regime....The only thing i supported jammeh with was that he had helped to oust an old, out of date and "each man for himself regime". he had also helped to realise my prediction that oonly the bullet or death in old age could make the old man give up power. Sir dawda was a true gambian leader who got stricken by the "old African leader" syndrome. He messed up. he could have done much better... he let too much happen that should not have....People should deserve more than a paid vacation when they embezzle the nation's funds. Yaya however, is also aflling prey to the destructive "military regime syndrome" He is not only gonna self-destruct, but i am afraid he is gonna take the gambia along with him..i pray to God that we do not become another liberia or sierra leone, and the likes of somalia. Yaya had a chance to be a hero, but he blew it when he also greedily held on to power "by all means neccessary!!!!".... and started to put his fellow gambians "six-feet under" when challenged. REMBER YAHYA>>>> " POWER CORRUPTS......AND ABSOLUTE POWER CORRUPTS ABSOLUTELY"... IT is almost an irony to me to realise that that i am going to also apply my prediction of Jawara's fate to the man that made it true.. if you think that your "safo's" are all-powerful, yahya!!!ask around... the all-mighty is watching....i hope that you will son come to your senses and realise that soldiers' hands are too heavy to belong to anywhere else but the barracks and geared towards the protection of the nation from external aggression. it is almost invariable that the short-sighted man always trips on his own feet becausehe is peering too intensely ahead... Jawara created the army after the failed attempts of kukoi.. the gambia did not need one even if it provided much-needed jobs. it is the same army that brought about his downfall. Yyyyyaaahhyyaaaa.....??? what is gonna be yours??? *>>>>>>>this should be enough for now, i will look faward to a response..... i will also look foward to a copy of the current constitution if anybody can post it...... NJAGA JAGNE......>>>>A GAMBIAN IN HILL-BILLY LAND......****
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 16:56:13 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Tailor made constitution Message-ID: <970509165511_1719813506@emout04.mail.aol.com>
In regards to the AFPRC having built- in safeguards for themselves in the constitution, a friend and l were discussing this very issue last night. We both agreed that this is the kind of thing that inevitably ensues whenever power is siezed. We all agree or at least l hope so, that we definitely needed a change in The Gambia , and given the situation we had for the past thirty years, perhaps a coup was the only way to at least begin this change (l do not know) However, those who sieze power by force are always plagued by the fear that they have set a precedent, and that someone else, either within their own organization, or outside of it, will attempt to do the same. This becomes the motivation for many a contradictory stance. Unfortunately, this is the situation that the present government is in. When you have to constantly look behind your back, one tends to make decisions that are geared more towards protecting oneself as opposed to being in the best interest of all concerned. What do the rest of you think?
Jabou.
In a message dated 5/9/97 1:53:11 PM, you wrote:
<<ALPHA ROBINSON wrote: > > > Dear Ms. Darboe, > > > > I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. > > Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that > > the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC. > > Is there any evidence to support this contention? Please enlighten us.
The best evidence to support this contention would be the the second part of the Constitution titled, Shedule 2. It pretty much exonerates the AFPRC from being questioned on any of their activities during the transition period and also allows the decrees created under the AFPRC to continue thus giving the President and his government powers that normally they would not have.
I think this is what allows various institutions of the government to act they way they have recently against members of the opposition.
This is also an example of how flawed the entire document is because of the ambiguity caused here and the contradiction that this part of the constitution presents with respect to other parts.
Peace.
Lat
>>
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 17:18:01 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Test -Reply Message-ID: <970509161902_1122554342@emout10.mail.aol.com>
SIGGA JAGNE, Git your intro.
Jabou
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 00:19:31 +0200 From: "Bahary Dukuray" <bdukuray@login.eunet.no> To: "gambia-l" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: test Message-ID: <199705092219.AAA20864@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/alternative; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_01BC5CD7.D4D23040"
This is a multi-part message in MIME format.
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Sorry I`m just test Dukuray
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<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD W3 HTML 3.2//EN"> <HTML> <HEAD> <META content=3Dtext/html;charset=3Diso-8859-1 = http-equiv=3DContent-Type> <META content=3D'"Trident 4.71.0544.0"' name=3DGENERATOR>
</HEAD> <BODY> <P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Sorry I`m just test</FONT>
<P><FONT face=3DArial size=3D2>Dukuray</FONT></P>
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 00:36:50 +0100 From: bdukuray@login.eunet.no To: "gambia-l@u.washington.edu List" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Help Message-ID: <3373B50E.B5CAD653@login.eunet.no> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=iso-8859-1
Please can someone tell me how to send massege to the mail list, because some time I get problem to send massege to the list.
Thanks
B.Dukuray
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 17:13:08 -0700 (PDT) From: madiba saidy <msaidy@unixg.ubc.ca> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: To Understand Zaire, Follow the Money!! Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95q.970509170640.16817A-100000@netinfo2.ubc.ca> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
Zaire Official Accused of Fraud By Stephen Buckley Washington Post Foreign Service Friday, May 9, 1997; Page A28
KINSHASA, Zaire, May 8, 97... Zaire's prime minister reportedly has converted all of the country's hard-currency assets into $7 million in cash and appears to be preparing "for a speedy departure from Kinshasa with a couple of large suitcases of cash," according to a confidential State Department cable.
The cable sent to Washington by the U.S. Embassy here quotes "a well-informed source" in the Zairian financial community as saying that Gen. Likulia Bolongo, appointed prime minister April 13 by President Mobutu Sese Seko, drained the government's overseas petroleum accounts and has taken "personal control" of the assets.
"While there is no direct evidence," the cable says, "the circumstances point to the possibility that Prime Minister Likulia has prepared for a speedy departure from Kinshasa with a couple of large suitcases of cash."
It adds: "For the moment, he seems to be avoiding diversions, such as preparing the defense of Kinshasa, and concentrating on raising as much cash as possible, either for his own use, the use of other senior military officials, or President Mobutu."
The prime minister could not be reached for comment tonight, and U.S. Ambassador Daniel Simpson refused to comment. A rebel force seeking to overthrow Mobutu for the past seven months and heightened political chaos here in the capital have Mobutu's regime teetering and some top officials fleeing, or at least attempting to. The rebel Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo-Zaire controls about three-fourths of this country of 46 million and are now about 125 miles east of the capital.
Zaire's political elite has become increasingly alarmed as rebels have drawn closer to the capital. They are applying for visas to European countries and sending their families abroad. Numerous relatives of Mobutu left the country two or three months ago.
The most publicized defection in recent weeks was that of former prime minister Kengo wa Dondo. Kengo, who fled the country on April 13 and is believed to be in Europe, was accused on April 16 of having taken several million dollars originally meant for Zaire's campaign against the rebels. But the State Department cable suggests Likulia may have helped himself to the country's war fund accounts just before being appointed prime minister.
The funds were withdrawn by a high-ranking military official who reports directly to Likulia "and have not resurfaced," the cable states, adding that perhaps accusations thrown at Kengo quickly died because "if Likulia himself actually stole the funds, he would have little interest in keeping the story alive."
According to the cable, the source said Likulia asked for the country's hard-currency assets to be converted into cash shortly before he took over as prime minister. After most of the money was shipped in from Europe. Zaire's commercial banks reportedly had only $700,000 in hard currency a military armored car delivered the money to the prime minister's compound.
The cable takes care to note that Zairian leaders have long been known as some of the world's most corrupt and that the scramble for cash in what appears to be Mobutu's final days may be more fierce than ever.
"Given senior Zairians reputation for extreme greed, it seems likely that the prime minister is now concentrating on his own pension fund," the cable said.
Copyright 1997 The Washington Post Company
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 17:20:27 -0700 (PDT) From: madiba saidy <msaidy@unixg.ubc.ca> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: U.S. asks Nigeria to detain Gaddafi. Message-ID: <Pine.GSO.3.95q.970509171901.16817B-100000@netinfo2.ubc.ca> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: TEXT/PLAIN; charset=US-ASCII
.c The Associated Press > WASHINGTON (AP) - The United States, accusing Libyan leader Moammar Gadhafi > of violating United Nations sanctions, asked Nigeria to detain the aircraft > on which Libyan leader Gadhafi flew to that country. > > Gadhafi was aboard one of four aircraft that flew Friday to the Nigerian > capital Abuja after an initial stop in neighboring Niger. > > State Department spokesman Nicholas Burns said the United States is asking > officials in Niger and Nigeria about the facts of the case. > > ``We will be very disappointed with both of those governments if in fact they > aided and abetted the Libyan dictator to fly in violation of the U.N. > sanctions to both of those countries,'' Burns said. > > Afterward, he said, the United States will go to the he U.N. Security Council > and the U.N. Sanctions Committee to seek condemnation of Libya. > > The Security Council banned flights to and from Libya in 1992 to force the > surrender of two Libyans wanted in the 1988 bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 over > Lockerbie, Scotland, which killed 270 people. > > Burns said he is confident Gadhafi's travels will undercut countries that > advocate lifting the sanctions. > > Libya violated the sanctions in March by sending a plane with 105 passengers > to Saudi Arabia for the annual Muslim hajj pilgrimage without first obtaining > U.N. permission. It was the third year in a row that Libya defied the United > Nations. Gadhafi has vowed never to ask permission from ``Christians'' in the > Security Council for his people to perform their Muslim duties. > > In Nigeria, Gadhafi was greeted by Gen. Sani Abacha, the country's military > leader, and by thousands of school children. He led prayers before a crowd > estimated at 50,000. > > ``It is not a secret that America and Europe are leading a campaign to insult > and belittle the Islamic peoples,'' Gadhafi, dressed in a white robe, turban > and sunglasses, said in his sermon at Friday prayers. > > He told the crowd he wanted to demonstrate Islam's strength against Europe > and America. > > ``We want to mobilize the millions of Muslims from the start of this > (Islamic) year to show off our power. We want to show Islam's power and its > ability to challenge and return the insults to those who voice them,'' he > said. > > Gadhafi showed the crowd photos of children he said were killed in U.S. air > raids on Libya in 1986 and in Israeli attacks in southern Lebanon. > > ``These are the symbols of terrorism and barbarianism,'' Gadhafi said. ``The > Israelis are still occupying Lebanon after these attacks, and they don't > withdraw because the Americans are with them.'' > > AP-NY-05-09-97 1637EDT
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 09:41:07 +0800 (SGT) From: Senessie Turay <9210077@talabah.iiu.my> To: gambia-l <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: LEONARD LARSEN: Kissing Mobutu goodbye (fwd) Message-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.91.970510094059.18169C-200000@talabah.iiu.my> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: MULTIPART/MIXED; BOUNDARY=------------5DF6707D4151 Content-ID: <Pine.LNX.3.91.970510094059.18169D@talabah.iiu.my>
This message is in MIME format. The first part should be readable text, while the remaining parts are likely unreadable without MIME-aware tools. Send mail to mime@docserver.cac.washington.edu for more info.
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---------- Forwarded message ---------- Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 13:01:34 -0400 From: Olufemi Anthony <femi@CNET.COM> To: LEONENET@MITVMA.MIT.EDU Subject: LEONARD LARSEN: Kissing Mobutu goodbye
http://www.nando.net/newsroom/ntn/voices/050997/voices11_24203.html
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LEONARD LARSEN: Kissing Mobutu goodbye -------------------------------------------------------------------------= ---
Copyright =A9 1997 Nando.net Copyright =A9 1997 Scripps Howard
WASHINGTON (May 9, 1997 09:02 a.m. EDT) -- Another of America's kept anti-communist dictators has gone sour -- looting, butchering, oppressing his own people -- and so U.S. foreign policy has actively sponsored remov= al of Zaire's President Mobutu Sese Seko.
As a propped-up defender of America's interests against America's enemies= in Africa, Mobutu had a rewarding 32-year run before coming into disfavor, certainly longer than many other onetime U.S. allies who found themselves= at odds with changing U.S. politics and global intent.
One dimly-remembered ally, for example, was North Vietnam's Ho Chi Minh w= ho, in what must have seemed the blink of an eye in 1945, changed in the American view from a patriot fighting alongside Americans against the Japanese to an instrument of worldwide communism.
Americans were not much concerned with his politics during World War II w= hen Ho and his communist guerrillas battled the Japanese in what was then Indochina and shared victory with the Western allies. The celebrations en= ded quickly, though, when American policy came down on the side of attempts t= o shove the Vietnamese aside and return French colonialism.
In that shameful business Japanese troops were allowed to remain under ar= ms in Indochina and under Western allies' orders to fight Ho and his army. T= he post war Western mission was to preserve economic plundering for French nationals, many of them the same French citizens whose Vichy government -= - after the French surrender to Nazi Germany -- had willingly served both Germany and Japan, America's enemies.
The line that runs between an American double-cross of a onetime friend a= nd fighting ally in Vietnam and the 32-year American support of the Zairian despot Mobutu is communism.
In the official American view, communism demonized Ho, who, nevertheless, died a loved, respected and finally victorious patriot among his own peop= le. And communism, in another way, made Mobutu one of Africa's richest and mo= st hated leaders, encouraged to rob and victimize his country because succeeding American governments admired what was seen as his staunch anti-communism.
Tragically, the lost war in the name of anti-communism in Vietnam cost mo= re than 58,000 American lives and hundreds of thousands -- if not millions -= - of Vietnamese lives. Fortunately -- for America -- U.S. troops were never sent to Zaire to save our bought and paid for anti-communist, Mobutu.
But political upheavals in Africa, fed mightily by rival shipments of Sov= iet and American arms, have killed, starved, left homeless, brutalized and embittered millions of Africans, many of whom probably have a clearer picture of what U.S. policy has done than U.S. policy-makers.
It's been much of the same mixed success elsewhere in the world. American= s and American money came to the side of self-advertised anti-communists in South and Central America to help them kill communist rebels and guerrill= as who posed no threat to America and with whom Americans had no quarrel.
In Afghanistan we again proved our anti-communism, feeding billions of dollars in American arms to our friends, that same breed of "freedom fighters" who've often shown up as our proxies and in Afghanistan successfully battled invasion by the dying Soviet Union.
As it turned out, the Afghanistan victory was somewhat dimmed when our victorious freedom fighters turned against one another in ecstasies of religious warfare and -- still using our weapons -- slaughtered each othe= r and reduced the country to a smoking ruin.
There've been other American anti-communist adventures since we handed Ho Chi Minh the thank-you cigar that went off in his face. We had big investments in Asia, the Middle East, Europe, places we've known about an= d places we'll probably never know about.
Now, after more than 50 years of the American fight against the worldwide menace of godless communism that, we were told, threatened to dominate th= e world and infiltrate our country and its institutions right down to Littl= e League baseball and the PTA, it looks like we've won.
The Soviet Union and Communist Eastern Europe went belly-up and now plead for help to turn themselves into free enterprise democracies. China is a surviving Red menace but increasingly dependent on trade and help from Westerners.
So it's a fitting time to wash our hands of Zaire's Mobuto, hopefully the last of the worst anti-communist despots we'll ever have to buy.
(Leonard E. Larsen writes this column twice weekly for Scripps Howard New= s Service.)
=1A -------------------------------------------------------------------------= --- [ Global | Stateside | Sports | Politics | Opinions | Business | Techser= ver | Health & Science | Entertainment | Weather | Baseball | Basketball | Football | Hockey | Sport Server | MAIN ] -------------------------------------------------------------------------= --- Copyright =A9 1997 Nando.net Do you have some feedback for the Nando Times staff?
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 15:59:53 GMT From: oleary@arminco.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Request for recipes Message-ID: <199705101559.PAA13255@arminco.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
This may sound like a strange request but I have a Gambian Visitor here in Armenia and I want to make some Gambian Dishes. I'm a pretty fair cook and just whipped up a nice domoda..... I'm looking for a recipe for Coucha (however it is spelled)....We are able to get sorrel in the local market here. Any other recipes would be greatfully appreciated. I may have to adapt them to the local produce but I'll try. Thanks to you all
MKJ Sean O'Leary USAID/Yerevan Washington,DC 20520-7020 Home Phone:(3742)151371 E-mail address: oleary@arminco.com
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Date: Sat, 10 May 97 15:33:37 -24000 From: "Edrissa Jarju" <edjarju@usaid.gov> To: <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: re: Request for recipes Message-ID: <vines.NF59+RsARnB@barrb0205.usaid.gov> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-type: text/plain; charset=US-ASCII
Hey Sean,
You can try using spinnach (if that's the right spelling) to make the "coucha". It works amazingly.. & anybody invited???
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 16:32:38 GMT From: oleary@arminco.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: re: Request for recipes Message-ID: <199705101632.QAA13680@arminco.com> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Yeah....we can get sorrel here which is the right stuff but I need the full recipe...
N'Janko say hi to you. He is right here now and wonders why you are working on Saturday evening. He invites you for Domoda...it smells real good..
Are you coming on the 4th??
Did you see Kim.... Sean O'Leary USAID/Yerevan Washington,DC 20520-7020 Home Phone:(3742)151371 E-mail address: oleary@arminco.com
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 11:34:36 PDT From: "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> To: aeujawra@reading.ac.uk, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? Message-ID: <199705101834.LAA26764@f21.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
>From gambia-l-owner@u.washington.edu Wed May 7 13:58:04 1997 >Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) > by lists3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP > id NAA10897; Wed, 7 May 1997 13:56:08 -0700 >Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) > by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP > id NAA45278 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Wed, 7 May 1997 13:56:02 -0700 >Received: from sums2.reading.ac.uk (pp@sums2.rdg.ac.uk [134.225.44.2]) > by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP > id NAA10314 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Wed, 7 May 1997 13:55:56 -0700 >Received: from suma3.rdg.ac.uk (actually host suma3-e3.rdg.ac.uk) > by sums2.rdg.ac.uk with ESMTP; Wed, 7 May 1997 21:55:49 +0100 >Received: from localhost by suma3.rdg.ac.uk (8.8.5/8.8.5) with SMTP > id VAA15608; Wed, 7 May 1997 21:55:48 +0100 (BST) >Message-Id: <Pine.SOL.3.95q.970507213659.11689A-100000@suma3.reading.ac.uk> >Date: Wed, 7 May 1997 21:55:47 +0100 (BST) >Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu >Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu >Precedence: bulk >From: Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> >To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> >Subject: Re: Deja Vu: Apathy or indifference? >MIME-Version: 1.0 >Content-Type: text/PLAIN; charset="US-ASCII" >X-To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> >X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > >Dear Ms. Darboe, > >I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. >Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that >the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC. Without wanting to >repeat anything that has already been discussed (I only joined in March), >why did the opposition parties not boycott the elections. After the >presidential elections, if I can recall correctly, the leader of one the >opposition parties claimed on BBC Focus On Africa that he had evidence of >fraud in the elections. To this day, as far as I know, that evidence has >never been furnished. Is this apathy or indifference. One would expect >that evidence to be given as proof to the international community. >I TOTALLY AGREE WITH MR JAWARA. MR DARBO DID SAY THAT HE HAD SUBSTANTIAL EVIDENCE THAT THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS WERE RIGGED.HE SAID THIS IN A BBC PROGRAMME,TALK ABOUT AFRICA.COINCIDENTALLY HE WAS REPLYING TO ME.I TOOK PART IN THAT PARTICULAR PROGRAMME ALONG WITH MR DARBO,PAP CHEYASSIN SECKA AND ZAYA YEBO, A FORMER GHANAIAN MINISTER.I WAS IN THE STUDIOS IN LONDON ALONG WITH MR YEBO WHILE MR DARBO AND MR SECKA WERE JOINED BY TELEPHONE.THE TOPIC CENTRED ON THE WAY FORWARD FOR THE GAMBIA AFTER THE PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS. WE HAVE STILL NOT SEEN ANY OF THE SO CALLED PROVES FROM MR DARBO AS PROMISED. THANKS,EBRIMA DAMEH.
>Apparently, the main topic in The Gambian Parliament these days is the pay >that MPs should get. I guess the MPs are concerned about their monthly >salaries than the welfare of their constituents. Of course it can be >argued that there is nothing wrong with increasing one's own welfare >first. > >Pa Sallah Jagne has recently been released and appointed as commissioner >of WD. Apparently he has been given his full pay since July 1994, when he >was detained. There were charges of corruption brought against him at the >time. Have these charges been dropped? If not, is not strange that a man >discredited by the current government, imprisoned, and allegedly tortured, >should be made a commissioner by them. Is Mr Jagne to be accused of >apathy, or indiffernce? > >Yours humbly, > >Ebrima Jawara. > >
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 12:09:57 PDT From: "ebrima drameh" <njogou@hotmail.com> To: Gunjur@AOL.COM, gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: Tailor made constitution Message-ID: <199705101909.MAA24000@f14.hotmail.com> Content-Type: text/plain
>From gambia-l-owner@u.washington.edu Fri May 9 14:01:22 1997 >Received: from host (lists.u.washington.edu [140.142.56.13]) > by lists2.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with SMTP > id NAA04277; Fri, 9 May 1997 13:57:00 -0700 >Received: from mx3.u.washington.edu (mx3.u.washington.edu [140.142.13.230]) > by lists.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW97.04/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP > id NAA46820 for <gambia-l@lists.u.washington.edu>; Fri, 9 May 1997 13:56:48 -0700 >Received: from emout04.mail.aol.com (emout04.mx.aol.com [198.81.11.95]) > by mx3.u.washington.edu (8.8.4+UW96.12/8.8.4+UW97.04) with ESMTP > id NAA23834 for <gambia-l@u.washington.edu>; Fri, 9 May 1997 13:56:46 -0700 >Received: (from root@localhost) > by emout04.mail.aol.com (8.7.6/8.7.3/AOL-2.0.0) > id QAA25981 for gambia-l@u.washington.edu; > Fri, 9 May 1997 16:56:13 -0400 (EDT) >Message-Id: <970509165511_1719813506@emout04.mail.aol.com> >Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 16:56:13 -0400 (EDT) >Reply-To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu >Sender: GAMBIA-L-owner@u.washington.edu >Precedence: bulk >From: Gunjur@AOL.COM >To: GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> >Subject: Re: Tailor made constitution >X-Listprocessor-Version: 8.1 beta -- ListProcessor(tm) by CREN > > In regards to the AFPRC having built- in safeguards for themselves in the >constitution, a friend and l were discussing this very issue last night. We >both agreed that this is the kind of thing that inevitably ensues whenever >power is siezed. We all agree or at least l hope so, that we definitely >needed a change in The Gambia , and given the situation we had for the past >thirty years, perhaps a coup was the only way to at least begin this change >(l do not know) However, those who sieze power by force are always plagued by >the fear that they have set a precedent, and that someone else, either within >their own organization, or outside of it, will attempt to do the same. This >becomes the motivation for many a contradictory stance. Unfortunately, this >is the situation that the present government is in. When you have to >constantly look behind your back, one tends to make decisions that are geared >more towards protecting oneself as opposed to being in the best interest of >all concerned. What do the rest of you think? > >Jabou.
WITH REGARDS THE CONSTITUTION BEING TAILOR MADE TO SUIT WHOEVER COMES INTO POWER,I THINK THERE IS NOT MUCH TO DO ABOUT IT NOW.IF ANY ACTION SHOULD HAVE BEEN TAKEN IT SHOULD HAVE BEEN DONE DURING THE DRAFTING STAGES.AT THAT POINT THE EUPHORIA WAS STILL BLOWING IN THE WIND AND THERE WAS TALK THAT DARBO WOULD COME INTO POWER. I BELEIVE THAT THIS WAS THE REASON WHY THE OPPOSITION DID NOT DO MUCH TO AVOID WHAT IS HAPPENING TODAY.MR DARBO LIKE ANYONE DESIRING TO COME TO POWER DOES NOT WANT LAWS THAT WOULD BIND HIS/HER HANDS TOGETHER. IN ORDER TO BE AN EFFECTIVE OPPOSITION,PERSONAL INTERESTS WILL HAVE TO BE FOREGONE. I ONLY HOPE THAT MR DARBO AND OTHERS HAVE LEARNT. > > THANKS:EBRIMA DRAMEH > > > > >In a message dated 5/9/97 1:53:11 PM, you wrote: > ><<ALPHA ROBINSON wrote: >> >> > Dear Ms. Darboe, >> > >> > I will grant your request, and start the discussion on Gambian politics. >> > Was it not evident to all parties contesting the elections last year that >> > the constitution was tailor made for the AFPRC/APRC. >> >> Is there any evidence to support this contention? Please enlighten us. > >The best evidence to support this contention would be the the second >part of the Constitution titled, Shedule 2. It pretty much exonerates >the AFPRC from being questioned on any of their activities during the >transition period and also allows the decrees created under the AFPRC to >continue thus giving the President and his government powers that >normally they would not have. > >I think this is what allows various institutions of the government to >act they way they have recently against members of the opposition. > >This is also an example of how flawed the entire document is because of >the ambiguity caused here and the contradiction that this part of the >constitution presents with respect to other parts. > >Peace. > >Lat > > > >>> > >
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Date: Fri, 9 May 1997 18:38:06 +-200 From: Hamedou Drammeh <h.e.drammeh@habo.mail.telia.com> To: "'GAMBIA-L: The Gambia and Related Issues Mailing List'" <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: Test Message-ID: <01BC5D87.F7C9D8E0@t13o13p5.telia.com> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii" Content-Transfer-Encoding: 7bit
Hallo every body: I have send a not before, but it was retutned to me . Can some one tall me, what was problem.
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 20:49:01 +0100 (BST) From: Ebrima Jawara <aeujawra@reading.ac.uk> To: Gambia-L <gambia-l@u.washington.edu> Subject: The Art Of War. Message-ID: <Pine.SOL.3.95q.970510204332.6110A-100000@suma3.reading.ac.uk> MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/PLAIN; charset="US-ASCII"
'IN PEACE PREPARE FOR WAR, IN WAR PREPARE FOR PEACE. THE ART OF WAR IS OF VITAL IMPORTANCE TO THE STATE. IT IS A MATTER OF LIFE AND DEATH. A ROAD EITHER TO SAFETY OR RUIN. HENCE IT IS A SUBJECT OF INQUIRY WHICH CAN ON NO ACCOUNT BE NEGLECTED...'
Taken from the Art of War, written by Sun-Tzu in 500 BC.
Thanks to Lattir for supplying the parts of the constitution as requested by Alpha. Good piece of writing Mr. Drammeh. As Bass would put it, "Keep up the good work".
Have a good weekend.
Yours humbly,
Ebrima Jawara.
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 21:56:35 +0200 (MET DST) From: "Adama S. Njie" <njie@online.no> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: In search of a friend Message-ID: <199705101956.VAA25104@online.no> Mime-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset="us-ascii"
Please can anyone help me find an old friend by the name of Yama Ceesay. She might be living in Atlanta according to sources in Oslo, Norway. Yama used to live in Lancaster Street before moving to Serekunda/Dippakunda.
My name is Saite Gaye and I knew Yama while working at the RVH. I am presently residing in Oslo, and can be contacted at Phone no. 47 31 28 47 24(private) or at work 47 32 75 10 00.
Messages regarding Yama's whereabouts may be sent "njie@online.no".
Thanks
Adama S Njie
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 22:45:21 +0200 From: momodou.camara@post3.tele.dk (Camara, Momodou) To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: FWD: Introduction from Hamedou Drammeh Message-ID: <19970510214753.AAA27802@LOCALNAME>
**/The following message is an introduction from Hamedou Drammeh/**
------- Forwarded Message Follows ------- From: Hamedou Drammeh <h.e.drammeh@habo.mail.telia.com> To: "'Momodou Camara'" <Mcamara@post3.tele.dk> Subject: VB: my introduction Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 21:49:08 +-200
Hallo Modou: Thank you again for your latest note. I will try to introduce my self here.
My name is Hamedou. I`m 46 years of age, i came from Taifa village in the Central River Division The Gambia. I came to Sweden 1979 since then I live here in Stockholm. During this years I have gone to many occupational training schools. I was graduated at a technical high school 1986 as operational technician specialized in power supply. I was enrolled same year,at the Stockholm royal institute of technology for Engineering course, a course I never completed, because of family conditions. My hobby is amongst others, reading, going out in the nature and meeting other people. My major interest is communal work and politics. I used to be a very active member of the Gambian organisation in Sweden. Infact I was at one time chairman of that organization. I work at the Swedish state railway as mechanic. I`m member of the executive section of our trade union there. I am very glad to be in this forum. My regards. Hamedou
Hamedou Drammeh Spovv{gen 41 147 33 B}lsta Tel:0171 674 82 E-mail h.e.drammeh@habo.mail.telia.com
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Date: Sat, 10 May 1997 20:04:28 -0400 (EDT) From: Gunjur@aol.com To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: Re: CELEBRATING THE ISLAMIC NEW YEAR 1418 AH. (fwd) Message-ID: <970510200427_-598607023@emout11.mail.aol.com>
Mr Jagne (in hill billy land)
Anytime a translation is done, one almost always looses some of the meaning, but in the case of the Qu'ran, it is so important as a Muslim to know what we were being taught in the DARAS all those years, and what is in the Qu'ran, that we must read the translation anyway. May l suggest a new translation that was completed last year. This translation is an 8 volume work that contains portions of Sahih Al-Buhari's 8-volume compilation of the authentic Hadiths of the Prophet. There is a condensed version in one volume. The Hadiths are included as foot-notes and reading them along with the Qu'ranic text will open up a whole new world of Islam for you. It is entitled as follows:
INTERPRETATION OF THE MEANINGS OF THE NOBLE QUR'AN IN THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. A SUMMARIZED VERSION OF AT-TABARI, AL-QURTUBI AND IBN KATHIR, WITH COMMENTS FROM SAHIH AL-BUKHARI.
SUMMARIZED IN ONE VOLUME BY; Dr. Muhammad Taqi-ud-Din AL-Halali,Phd (Berlin) Dr. Muhammad Muhsin Khan. (both of the Islamic University of Al-Madina Al-Munawwara in Saudi Arabia) YOU CAN ORDER A COPY FROM IQRA' BOOK CENTER, 2701 W. DEVON AVE. CHICAGO, IL,60659. PH. 1-800-521-4272. They have many fine publications on Islam that you and l never knew existed, ranging from Hadith to biographies of the Prophet to things halal and haram etc, etc. If you call them, they will be glad to send you a catalog of their publications. Another source is the ISLAMIC SOCIETY OF NORTH AMERICA in INDIANA. I will post their address when l find it , or perhaps some of you out there may know of them.
Assalaamu Alaikum Warahmatullah.
Jabou Joh.
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Date: Sat, 10 May 97 19:30:49 PDT From: MAKE THAT VISION A REALITY <ABARROW@rr5.rr.intel.com> To: gambia-l@u.washington.edu Subject: RE: Request for recipes Message-ID: <9705110230.utk24924@RR5.intel.com>
Sean:
Let me know if you have the recipes. I would love to try cooking them too. I hope you still have my personal e-mail.
Brother,
Pa-Abdou Albuquerque
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End of GAMBIA-L Digest 67 ************************* |
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